Umlando weIpayipi Lensimbi Elimnyama

UWilliam Murdock wenza intuthuko eyaholela enqubweni yesimanje yokushisela amapayipi.Ngo-1815 wasungula uhlelo lwesibani esivuthayo wamalahle futhi wayefuna ukulenza litholakale kuyo yonke iLondon. Esebenzisa imiphongolo evela kuma-muskets alahliwe wenza ipayipi eliqhubekayo elihambisa igesi yamalahle ezibanini. Ngo-1824 uJames Russell wagunyaza indlela yokwenza amashubhu ensimbi eyayishesha futhi ingabizi. Wahlanganisa amachopho ensimbi eyisicaba ndawonye ukuze enze ishubhu, wabe eseshisela amalunga ngokushisa. Ngo-1825 u-Comelius Whitehouse wasungula inqubo “ye-butt-weld,” isisekelo sokwenziwa kwamapayipi esimanje.

Ipayipi Lensimbi Elimnyama

Ukuthuthukiswa kwepayipi lensimbi emnyama

Indlela kaWhitehouse yathuthukiswa ngo-1911 nguJohn Moon. Indlela yakhe yavumela abakhiqizi ukuthi bakhe imifudlana eqhubekayo yamapayipi. Wakha imishini eyayisebenzisa indlela yakhe futhi izitshalo eziningi zokukhiqiza zayisebenzisa. Kwabe sekuba nesidingo samapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo. Ipayipi elingenamthungo ekuqaleni lakhiwa ngokubhoboza imbobo phakathi nendawo yesilinda. Nokho, kwakunzima ukubhoboza izimbobo ngokunemba okudingekayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukufana kokuqina kodonga. Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-1888 kuvumele ukusebenza kahle okukhulu ngokuphonsa i-billet eduze komgogodla wezitini ezingashi. Ngemva kokupholisa, isitini sasikhishwa, kwasala imbobo phakathi.

Izicelo of black steel pipe

Amandla epayipi lensimbi elimnyama alenza libe lilungele ukuthutha amanzi negesi ezindaweni zasemakhaya nasemadolobheni kanye namapayipi avikela izintambo zikagesi kanye nokuletha isitimu somfutho ophezulu kanye nomoya. Izimboni zikawoyela kanye ne-petroleum zisebenzisa ipayipi lensimbi emnyama ukuthutha uwoyela omningi ezindaweni ezikude. Lokhu kuyazuzisa, njengoba ipayipi lensimbi elimnyama lidinga ukulungiswa okuncane kakhulu. Okunye ukusetshenziswa kwamapayipi ensimbi amnyama kuhlanganisa ukusatshalaliswa kwegesi ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwezindlu, imithombo yamanzi nezinhlelo zokukhucululwa kwendle. Amapayipi ensimbi amnyama awakaze asetshenziselwe ukuthutha amanzi aphuzwayo.

Izindlela Zanamuhla zepayipi lensimbi emnyama

Ukuthuthuka kwesayensi kube ngcono kakhulu endleleni ye-butt-weld yokwenza amapayipi eyasungulwa yi-Whitehouse. Ikhono lakhe kuseyiyona ndlela eyinhloko esetshenziswa ekwenzeni amapayipi, kodwa imishini yesimanje yokukhiqiza engakhiqiza amazinga okushisa aphakeme kakhulu nokucindezela kwenze ukwenziwa kwamapayipi kwasebenza kahle kakhulu. Ngokuya ngobubanzi bayo, ezinye izinqubo zingakhiqiza ipayipi lomthungo elishiselwe ngenani elimangalisayo lamafidi angu-1,100 ngomzuzu. Kanye nalokhu kukhula okukhulu kwezinga lokukhiqizwa kwamapayipi ensimbi kube nokuthuthukiswa kwezinga lomkhiqizo wokugcina.

Ukulawulwa Kwekhwalithi yepayipi lensimbi emnyama

Ukuthuthukiswa kwemishini yokukhiqiza yesimanje kanye nokusunguliwe ku-electronics kuvumele ukwanda okuphawulekayo ekusebenzeni kahle nokulawulwa kwekhwalithi. Abakhiqizi besimanje basebenzisa amageji e-X-ray akhethekile ukuze baqinisekise ukufana kokuqina kodonga. Amandla epayipi ahlolwa ngomshini ogcwalisa ipayipi ngamanzi ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ipayipi liyabamba. Amapayipi ahlulekayo ayachithwa.

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