Ipayipi Elibandayo Elidwetshiwe Elingenamthungo
I-Cold Drawn Seamless njengoba kushiwo yenziwa ngokudweba okubandayo ipayipi elikhudlwana elingenamthungo likamama, elivame ukukhiqizwa ngenqubo ye-HFS.Enqubweni ye-Cold Drawn Seamless, ipayipi likamama lidonswa endaweni yokufa bese lixhunywa emakhazeni ngaphandle kokushisisa.Ngenxa yethuluzi ngaphandle nangaphakathi ebusweni kanye nokubekezelelana kungcono ku-Cold Drawn Seamless.Nakuba lokhu kuyinqubo eyengeziwe phezu kwe-HFS, kuyadingeka ukuthola amapayipi anosayizi omncane angeke enziwe nge-HFS.Ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukubekezelelana okuseduze nendawo ezibushelelezi ziphinde zicacise izidingo okufanele zibe yi-Cold Drawn Seamless. Amapayipi angenamthungo namashubhu asetshenziswa kakhulu emikhakheni ye-Heat-Exchanger, Bearing & Automotive.
Ipayipi lensimbi engenamthungo elidonsayo elibandayo lisetshenziselwa ukwakheka komshini, okokusebenza okuqhutshwa ngamanzi, ezinobukhulu obunemba, ukuqedwa okuhle kwendawo. Kunganciphisa kakhulu ihora lokucubungula ngomshini futhi kuthuthukise ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo, kanye nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo.Ikhwalithi ephezulu yepayipi lensimbi engenamthungo elibandayo lidonsa ngokuyinhloko 10# 20#. Ngaphezu kokuqinisekisa ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kanye nezakhiwo zemishini, lizohlola ngokuhlolwa kwe-Hydrostatic, crimping, flared and Squashed test.
Uhlelo lokusebenza nokucaciswa (Okungenazihibe) :
Umkhakha Kawoyela Negesi | |
I-API | 5L |
I-API | 5CT |
IS | 1978, 1979 |
Imboni Yezimoto | |
I-ASTM | A-519 |
SAE | 1010, 1012, 1020, 1040, 1518, 4130 |
I-DIN | 2391, 1629 |
BS | 980, 6323 (Pt-V) |
IS | 3601, 3074 |
Imboni Yenqubo Ye-Hydrocarbon | |
I-ASTM | A-53, A-106, A-333, A-334, A-335, A-519 |
BS | 3602,3603 |
IS | 6286 |
Bearing Industry | |
SAE | 52100 |
I-Hydraulic Cylinder | |
SAE | 1026, 1518 |
IS | 6631 |
I-DIN | 1629 |
I-Boiler, i-Heat Exchanger, i-Superheater ne-Condenser | |
I-ASTM | A-179, A-192, A-209, A-210, A-213, A-333, A-334,A-556 |
BS | 3059 (Pt-I Pt-II) |
IS | 1914, 2416, 11714 |
I-DIN | 17175 |
Ojantshi | |
IS | 1239 (Pt-I),1161 |
BS | 980 |
IMechanical, Ubunjiniyela Jikelele Besakhiwo | |
I-ASTM | A-252, A-268, A-269, A-500, A-501, A-519, A-589 |
I-DIN | 1629, 2391 |
BS | 806, 1775, 3601, 6323 |
IS | 1161, 3601 |
Ukwelashwa kokushisa kwepayipi lensimbi engenamthungo elidonsa abandayo:
(1)insimbi edonsa umoya ebandayo: ibhekisela ezintweni zensimbi ezishisiswe ezingeni lokushisa elifanele, ukugcina isikhathi esithile, bese kupholiswa kancane kancane inqubo yokwelapha ukushisa.Inqubo evamile yokuhlanganisa yilezi: ukukhishwa kabusha kwekristalu, ukukhulula ukucindezeleka, ukukhishwa kwebhola, ukukhishwa ngokugcwele njalonjalo.Inhloso ye-annealing: ikakhulukazi ukunciphisa ubulukhuni bensimbi, ukuthuthukisa i-plasticity, noma ukusika ukucubungula ku-Liqie ukucindezela ukucubungula, ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka okusalayo nokuthuthukisa ukufana kwe-microstructure nokubunjwa, ukwelashwa kokushisa, ngemuva kokulungiswa okungenzeka noma izicubu.
(2)insimbi edonsa umoya ebandayo: ibhekisela ekushiseni kwensimbi noma kwensimbi ku-Ac3 noma ku-Acm (izinga lokushisa elibalulekile lensimbi) ngaphezu kuka-30 ~ 50℃, ngemva kwesikhathi esifanele ukuze uhlale upholile emoyeni onganyakazi ohlelweni lokwelapha ukushisa .Inhloso yokujwayelekile: ikakhulukazi ukuthuthukisa izakhiwo zemishini yensimbi ephansi ye-carbon ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle, ukucolisiswa okusanhlamvu, ukuqeda ukukhubazeka kwezicubu, ukulungiselela ukwelashwa kokushisa, emva kokulungiswa kwezicubu.
(3)ukuqina kwensimbi ebandayo edonsayo: ibhekisela kunsimbi eshisayo i-Ac3 noma i-Ac1 (izinga lokushisa eliphansi elibalulekile lensimbi) ngaphezu kwezinga lokushisa elithile ngesikhathi esithile, bese kuba izinga lokupholisa elifanelekile lokuthola izicubu ze-martensite (noma i-shellfish Heat Treatment) .Inqubo yokucisha ukugeza usawoti evamile iye yaqina, i-martensitic quenching, i-Austempering, ukuqina kwendawo kanye nokucisha ingxenye.Inhloso yokuqeda: ukwenza insimbi edingekayo ukuze uthole i-martensite ithuthukise ubulukhuni be-workpiece, amandla nokumelana nokugqoka, ukwelashwa kokushisa, ngemva kokulungiselela inhlangano nokulungiselela.
(4)insimbi ebandayo edonsayo iyathukuthela: ukuthi ngemva kwensimbi eqinile, bese ifudunyezwa kumazinga okushisa angaphansi kwe-Ac1, ibambe isikhathi esithile, bese ipholiswa ekamelweni lokushisa, inqubo yokwelapha ukushisa.Inqubo yokushisa evamile yilezi: ukufudumala, ukuthulisa, ukuthulisa kanye nokufutheka okuningi.Inhloso yokushisa: ikakhulukazi insimbi iqeda ukucindezeleka okukhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokucisha, insimbi inobunzima obukhulu nokumelana nokugqoka, kodwa futhi ine-plasticity edingekayo kanye nokuqina.
(5)insimbi ebandayo edonsayo ecishiwe: ibhekisela ekucimeni nasekushiseni kwensimbi noma inqubo yokwelapha ukushisa kwensimbi eyinhlanganisela.Isetshenziswa e quenching wathi steel quenched futhi tempered steel.Ngokuvamile ibhekisela esakhiweni sekhabhoni yensimbi ye-carbon ne-alloy steel.
6 .Inqubo evamile yokwelapha ukushisa kwamakhemikhali yilena: i-carburizing, i-nitriding, i-carbonitriding, ukungena kwe-boron eyenziwe nge-aluminiized.Inhloso yokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali: Okuyinhloko ukuthuthukisa ubulukhuni bobuso bensimbi, ukumelana nokugqoka, ukumelana nokugqwala, amandla okukhathala kanye nokumelana ne-oxidation.
(7) Ukwelashwa kwesisombululo sensimbi esibandayo: ukuthi ingxubevange ifudunyezwa endaweni yokushisa ephezulu yesigaba esisodwa ukuze kugcinwe izinga lokushisa elingaguquki, ukuze isigaba eseqile sincibilike ngokuphelele esixazululweni esiqinile ngemuva kokupholisa ngokushesha, ukuze kudlule i-supersaturated. Isixazululo esiqinile sokwelashwa kokushisa inqubo.Inhloso yokwelashwa kwesixazululo: ikakhulukazi ukuthuthukisa i-ductility kanye nokuqina kwensimbi nama-alloys, ukulungiselela ukwelashwa kokuqina kwemvula nokunye.
I-Cold Drawn Seamless Tube – Mechanical – BS 6323 Ingxenye 4: 1982 CFS 3 | |||||||||||||||||||
I-BS 6323 Ingxenye 4 : 1982 Ikhanya-njengokudwetshwa – CFS 3 BK Annealed – CFS 3 GBK | |||||||||||||||||||
Udonga | 0.71 | 0.81 | 0.91 | 1.22 | 1.42 | 1.63 | 2.03 | 2.34 | 2.64 | 2.95 | 3.25 | 4.06 | 4.76 | 4.88 | 6.35 | 7.94 | 9.53 | 12.70 | |
OD | |||||||||||||||||||
4.76 | |||||||||||||||||||
6.35 | X | X | X | ||||||||||||||||
7.94 | X | X | X | X | |||||||||||||||
9.53 | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||||
11.11 | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||||||
12.70 | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||||
14.29 | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||||||
15.88 | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||
17.46 | X | X | X | X | |||||||||||||||
19.05 | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||
20.64 | X | X | X | ||||||||||||||||
22.22 | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||||
25.40 | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||
26.99 | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||||||
28.58 | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||
30.16 | X | X | X | ||||||||||||||||
31.75 | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||
33.34 | X | X | |||||||||||||||||
34.93 | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||||
38.10 | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||
39.69 | X | X | |||||||||||||||||
41.28 | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||
42.86 | X | X | |||||||||||||||||
44.45 | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||
47.63 | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||||||||
50.80 | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||||
53.98 | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||||||
57.15 | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||||
60.33 | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||||
63.50 | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||||||
66.68 | X | X | X | ||||||||||||||||
69.85 | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||||
73.02 | X | ||||||||||||||||||
76.20 | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||
79.38 | X | ||||||||||||||||||
82.55 | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||||||
88.90 | X | X | X | X | |||||||||||||||
95.25 | X | X | |||||||||||||||||
101.60 | X | X | |||||||||||||||||
107.95 | X | X | |||||||||||||||||
114.30 | X | X | |||||||||||||||||
127.00 | X | X | |||||||||||||||||
Cold Drawn Seamless Tube – Mechanical |
I-Cold Drawn Seamless tube for Hydraulic & Pneumatic Lines – BS 3602 Ingxenye 1 CFS Cat 2 Kungenjalo Din 2391 ST 35.4 NBK | ||||||||||||||||||||
I-BS 3602 Ingxenye 1 CFS Ikati 2 Okunye Din 2391 ST 35.4 NBK | ||||||||||||||||||||
Udonga | 0.91 | 1.00 | 1.22 | 1.42 | 1.50 | 1.63 | 2.00 | 2.03 | 2.50 | 2.64 | 2.95 | 3.00 | 3.25 | 3.66 | 4.00 | 4.06 | 4.88 | 5.00 | 6.00 | |
OD | ||||||||||||||||||||
6.00 | X | X | X | |||||||||||||||||
6.35 | X | X | X | |||||||||||||||||
7.94 | X | X | X | |||||||||||||||||
8.00 | X | X | X | |||||||||||||||||
9.52 | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||||||||||
10.00 | X | X | X | |||||||||||||||||
12.00 | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||||||||||
12.70 | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||||||||||
13.50 | X | |||||||||||||||||||
14.00 | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||||||||
15.00 | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||||||||||
15.88 | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||||||
16.00 | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||||||||
17.46 | X | |||||||||||||||||||
18.00 | X | X | X | |||||||||||||||||
19.05 | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||||||||||
20.00 | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||||||||||
21.43 | X | X | ||||||||||||||||||
22.00 | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||||||||
22.22 | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||||||||||
25.00 | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||||||||||
25.40 | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||||||||||
26.99 | X | |||||||||||||||||||
28.00 | x | x | x | X | ||||||||||||||||
30.00 | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||||||||||
31.75 | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||||||||||
34.13 | X | |||||||||||||||||||
34.93 | X | |||||||||||||||||||
35.00 | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||||||||
38.00 | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||||||||||
38.10 | X | X | X | |||||||||||||||||
42.00 | X | X | ||||||||||||||||||
44.45 | X | X | ||||||||||||||||||
48.42 | X | |||||||||||||||||||
50.00 | X | |||||||||||||||||||
50.80 | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||||||||||
I-Cold Drawn Seamless tube yeHydraulic & Pneumatic Lines |
I-Phosphate coating yokudweba ishubhu manje seyakhiwe ngezisindo ezingu-4-10
g/m².Lokhu kuye kwathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokwelashwa okungaphezulu futhi, ngesikhathi esifanayo, kwagwema imiphumela emibi esebenza esigabeni sokuqala sokudweba lapho kutholakala khona i-coarser-crystalline phosphate coating.I-coatingis efanelekile kakhulu esekelwe ku-nitrate/nitrite esheshisa i-zinc hosphate, eyakhiwe ngo-40-75°C. Ekupheleni kwalolu banga lokushisa, inketho ikhona ukusebenzisa amasistimu ohlobo lwe-nitrate lokuzidobela ngokwakho.Amabhavu e-chlorate asheshisiwe e-zinc phosphate nawo ayatholakala.Kuzo zonke izimo, uhlobo olukhethwayo lwe-phosphate lokudweba okubandayo kweshubhu nesigaba lunamathela ngokuqinile kodwa luthambile.Emdwebeni wamashubhu ashiselwe, umthungo kumele uqale ugaywe phansi.Endabeni ye-diameter tubing encane, lokhu akunakwenzeka ngaphakathi komshini wokushisela.Kwezinye izimo, kungase kube ne-deformation ukunikeza isigaba esithile esiphambene.Njengoba, njengomthetho, ukukhubazeka okuncane kakhulu kungabekezelelwa nge-welded, ngokuphambene
amashubhu angenamthungo, ukusetshenziswa kwe-phosphating kusabalele, izinsimbi zokumboza ziyi-1.5 - 5 g/m².Lezi zisekelwe kakhulu ekugezeni kwe-zinc phosphate esetshenziswa phakathi kuka-50 no-75°C enezithasiselo ezisetshenziselwa ukukhuthaza ukunamathela okuzacile.I-Phosphating iphinde isetshenziselwe ukufaka amashubhu ensimbi engaxutshiwe noma enengxubevange ephansi enokuqukethwe kwe-chromium kufika ku-4-6%.Izingubo ezinjalo zinikeza inani lezinzuzo, konke okuvela ekuncishisweni kwensimbi ukuya-- ukuxhumana kwensimbi phakathi kwamashubhu nokufa.Ngakho-ke, ukulimala okubandayo kwe-welding, okuholela ekubunjweni kwe-grooving noma ukuqhekeka, kuyancishiswa, impilo yethuluzi kanye nokufa iyanwetshwa futhi amazinga aphezulu okudweba angasetshenziswa.Ukufakwa kwe-zinc phosphate nakho kuvumela izinga elikhulu lokunciphisa iphasi ngayinye.
Ukwelashwa okungaphezulu kwenziwa ngokucwiliswa ngemigqa elandelayo:
•Ukususwa kwe-alkaline.
•Hlanza ngamanzi.
•I-Pickling nge-sulfuric noma i-hydrochloric acid.
•Hlanza ngamanzi.
•I-Neutralizing pre-rinse.
•I-Phosphating.
•Hlanza ngamanzi
•Ukugeza okungathathi hlangothi.
•Ukuthambisa.
•Ukomisa nokugcina.