Imikhiqizo yamapayipi ensimbi iyimikhiqizo ebalulekile futhi ebalulekile emphakathini wanamuhla, futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene.

1. Ukufaneleka kwemikhiqizo yamapayipi ensimbi

Iziqu zemikhiqizo yamapayipi ensimbi isho ukuthi izinga lemikhiqizo yamapayipi ensimbi liyahlangabezana yini nezindinganiso ezishiwo nguhulumeni. Ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo yepayipi yensimbi ayixhomekile kuphela kwikhwalithi yezinto zepayipi yensimbi, kodwa futhi nendlela yokucubungula kanye nenqubo. Ngokwezindinganiso ezihlukene, ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo yamapayipi ensimbi kufanele ihlangabezane nezidingo ngaphambi kokuthi ibizwe ngemikhiqizo efanelekayo.

2. Ukukhethwa kwemikhiqizo yamapayipi ensimbi

Ukukhethwa kwemikhiqizo yamapayipi ensimbi kunqunywa ngokuvumelana nengcindezi, amandla kanye nezidingo zokusebenzisa okufanele bazithwale. Imikhiqizo yamapayipi ensimbi ngokuvamile yenziwa nge-carbon steel, insimbi engagqwali, i-alloy steel ne-cast iron. Insimbi ye-Carbon: Ipayipi lensimbi ye-Carbon lenziwe nge-carbon steel njengengxenye eyinhloko, yengeza inani elithile lezinto ezihlanganisiwe, futhi icutshungulwe ngokugoqeka okubandayo, ukugoqa okushisayo nezinye izinqubo.Ipayipi lensimbi ye-carbonibonakala ngamandla aphezulu kanye nenani eliphansi, kodwa kulula ukugqwala, ngakho-ke ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa, ukongiwa kwamanzi, amabhuloho nezinye izindawo okungelula ukugqwala. Insimbi engagqwali: ipayipi lensimbi lenziwe ngensimbi engagqwali njengengxenye eyinhloko, enezela inani elithile lezakhi ze-alloying, futhi icutshungulwe ngokugoqa okubandayo, ukugoqa okushisayo nezinye izinqubo.Ipayipi lensimbi engagqwaliibonakala ngokumelana nokugqwala okuqinile futhi akulula ukugqwala, kodwa intengo iphakeme kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa ukudla, amakhemikhali, i-electronic nezinye izindawo ezivame ukugqwala.

3. Indlela yokucubungula imikhiqizo yamapayipi ensimbi

Ngemikhiqizo ehlukene yamapayipi ensimbi, izindlela zokucubungula nazo zihlukile. Izindlela zokucubungula eziyinhloko ukwelashwa ukushisa, ukwelashwa okubandayo, ukushisela nokunye.

I-1) Indlela yokwelapha ukushisa: Ukwelashwa kokushisa kubhekisela ekugcineni imikhiqizo yamapayipi ensimbi emazingeni okushisa athile isikhathi esithile, bese ukupholisa ekamelweni lokushisa ukuze uthole isakhiwo esidingekayo kanye nezakhiwo. Izindlela zokwelapha ukushisa ikakhulukazi zihlanganisa normalizing, annealing, quenching kanye tempering.
I-2) Indlela yokwelapha ebandayo: ukwelashwa okubandayo kubhekisela ekwelapheni kwemikhiqizo yamapayipi ensimbi ekamelweni lokushisa noma izinga lokushisa eliphansi isikhathi esithile, ukuze kuzuzwe isakhiwo senhlangano esidingekayo nokusebenza. Izindlela zokwelapha ezibandayo ikakhulukazi zihlanganisa ukugoqa okubandayo, ukudweba okubandayo kanye nokunyathela okubandayo.
3) Indlela yokushisela: Ukushisela kubhekisela enqubweni yokuhlanganisa izinto ezimbili noma ngaphezulu zensimbi ndawonye ngokuncibilika noma ezinye izindlela. Izindlela zokushisela ngokuyinhloko zihlanganisa ukushisela igesi, ukushisela i-arc, ukushisela nge-laser nokubhula.

4. Izidingo zokusetshenziswa ngaphansi kwezinhloso ezahlukene

Izidingo zokusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yamapayipi ensimbi ziyahlukahluka ngokusetshenziswa kwazo. Uma isetshenziselwa ubunjiniyela bezokwakha, amandla ayo okucindezela, amandla okuqina kanye nokumelana nomlilo kuyadingeka ukuze kufinyelele izinga elithile; uma isetshenziselwa ubunjiniyela bamakhemikhali, ukumelana kwayo nokugqwala kuyadingeka ukuze kufinyelele izinga elithile; uma isetshenziswa emisebenzini yamanzi, Idinga ukumelana kwayo namanzi ukuze ifinyelele izinga elithile.

Izinzuzo zamandla aphezulu, ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle nempilo ende yesevisi yemikhiqizo yamapayipi ensimbi kubenza basetshenziswe kabanzi ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene.