Amapayipi angenamthungozenziwa ngezikhala zamashubhu zokucaciswa okuhlukahlukene ngokusebenzisa i-extrusion yokushisa ephezulu, ukupholisa, ukuhlanganisa, ukuqeda kanye nezinye izinqubo. Ingenye yezinhlobo ezine ezinkulu zensimbi yokwakha ezweni lami. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ukuthutha uketshezi olunjengamanzi, uwoyela, igesi yemvelo, amalahle, njll. kanye namapayipi ezakhiweni zokwakha. Ingase futhi isetshenziselwe ukwenza izakhiwo zekhabhoni emikhakheni yezimboni esindayo njengezimoto, ogandaganda, izinto ezisebenza ngaphansi komhlaba kanye nemishini yezimayini. Amapayipi namapayipi esakhiwo sengxubevange. Amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo asetshenziswa kakhulu ku-petroleum, embonini yamakhemikhali, amandla kagesi, ukwakhiwa kwemikhumbi, i-aerospace, imboni yenuzi, ukwakhiwa kwezokuvikela kazwelonke kanye neminye imikhakha. Ipayipi lensimbi engenamthungo linengxenye engenalutho, enganciphisa ukuhlangana kwezinto, ngaleyo ndlela inciphise ukungqubuzana; ngesikhathi esifanayo, ine-conductivity enhle yokushisa kanye ne-thermal conductivity, ngakho-ke ibuye isetshenziswe kabanzi ekukhiqizeni izimoto, ogandaganda, imishini ye-hydraulic, ukucubungula ngomshini, njll. Amapayipi odonga angaphandle namapayipi kawoyela emishini yezimboni kanye nemishini.

1. Amapayipi angenamthungo angacutshungulwa ngokwezidingo ezahlukene futhi asetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhiqizeni izingxenye zesakhiwo kanye nezingxenye zemishini.

Isibonelo, izinjini zezimoto nezinhlelo zokudlulisa ziyizingxenye ezinemba okuphezulu ezinezinjongo ezikhethekile. Kufanele babe nokunemba okuhle ukuze bahlangabezane nezidingo zokuklama. Embonini yezimoto, amagiya okuqondisa izimoto avame ukuphazanyiswa izimo zokusebenza ezinzima. Izinga lesistimu yokuqondisa idinga ukunemba okuphezulu. Ngakho-ke, ukukhiqizwa kwezingxenye ezinjalo zokunemba okuphezulu kunzima kakhulu. Ngemva kweminyaka yentuthuko, izwe lethu manje selingakwazi ukukhiqiza amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo anembayo ephezulu.

2. Izindlela zokukhiqiza zamapayipi angenamthungo zingahlukaniswa zibe amapayipi ensimbi ashisayo, abandayo noma adonswe kubanda (akhishiwe), angacutshungulwa abe ubude obufanele ngokuvumelana nezidingo zomsebenzisi.

Izinto ezisetshenziswayo zingahlukaniswa zibe: amapayipi ensimbi esakhiwo se-carbon, insimbi ye-alloy noma insimbi engagqwali, ithusi namanye amapayipi ensimbi angeyona ayoni kanye namapayipi ensimbi angabalulekile; ngokusetshenziswa okuhlukene, angaphinde ahlukaniswe abe: amapayipi aqhekeka uphethiloli, amapayipi adlulisa amanzi, amapayipi ensimbi amakhemikhali, amapayipi ensimbi esakhiwo, amapayipi kabhayela anomfutho ophezulu kanye namapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo anezinjongo ezikhethekile enziwe ngezinto ezingabalulekile noma zensimbi, njll. . Izinga lokushisa elisebenzayo le-20# ipayipi lensimbi engenamthungo liphakathi -40 ~ 350 ℃; ngokusho kwamakhemikhali ayo, ingahlukaniswa ibe ipayipi le-amorphous carbon structural elingenalutho futhi ligoqwe ipayipi eliyindilinga elingenamthungo. Izinhlobo ezivamile ezisetshenziswa amapayipi ayindilinga angenamthungo zihlanganisa: amapayipi esakhiwo sekhabhoni (njengamapayipi okubhola uwoyela, amapayipi okuhambisa imoto, njll.), amapayipi esakhiwo sengxubevange (njengamapayipi ensimbi anomfutho ophezulu, amapayipi ensimbi aqhekeka uphethiloli, insimbi kabhayela wokucindezela okukhulu. amapayipi, njll.), amapayipi ensimbi aphansi kanye namapayipi ensimbi akhethekile. Inhloso yamapayipi ensimbi, njll.; ngokokwakheka kwamakhemikhali, angahlukaniswa abe amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo amelana ne-asidi; ngokuya ngokuma nobukhulu, zingahlukaniswa zibe amashubhu ayisikwele, amashubhu ayindilinga, amashubhu awunxande, namashubhu amise okukhethekile.

Isidingo semakethe samapayipi ensimbi engenamthungo sehlile. Ngokuphathelene nokusungula: izigayo zensimbi zasekhaya ziyancipha ngokushesha, kodwa kukhona nokucindezela okuthile kokusungula. Ukwengeza, ngenxa yomthelela wokuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye nezinqubomgomo zokuvinjelwa kokukhiqiza, ukungqubuzana phakathi kokunikezwa kwemakethe nokufunwa akugqamile, futhi indawo yokwenyuka kwamanani inomkhawulo.

3. Amapayipi angenamthungo angakhiwa ngokugoqa okushisayo noma ngomdwebo obandayo bese eshiselwa.

Uma usebenzisa amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo ekucutshungulweni kwemishini, kufanele acutshungulwe ngokuya ngokucaciswa, ubukhulu, izindlela nezinto ezichazwe emidwebeni, futhi ukwelashwa kwendawo kufanele kwenziwe ngokuya ngemithethonqubo ngaphambi kokushisela. I-arc welding eqondile ayivunyelwe. Ukushisa okukhiqizwa lapho ukushisa kwe-arc kukukhulu kungase kuncibilikise insimbi yokushisela futhi kunciphise ikhwalithi yokushisela. Ngaphambi kokushisela, ikhwalithi ye-weld kufanele ihlolwe ngokucophelela futhi ukuhlolwa okungabhubhisi kufanele kwenziwe. Uma kunokukhubazeka kokushisela, akukho ukuhlolwa kokubona amaphutha okuvunyelwe futhi imishini yokuhlola engacekeli phansi kufanele isetshenziswe; uma kukhona ukukhubazeka okuqhubekayo kuma-welds, akukho ukuhlolwa kokutholakala kwamaphutha okuvunyelwe; uma kunemifantu eqhubekayo kuma-welds, akukho ukuhlolwa kokutholakala kwamaphutha okuvunyelwe; uma kunemifantu eqhubekayo kumashisela Akukho ukuhlolwa kokubona amaphutha okuvunyelwe. Lapho kuvela amaphutha amakhulu, ukushisela kufanele kumiswe ngokushesha futhi ukulungisa ukushisela kufanele kwenziwe.