Ukucutshungulwa, ukuthuthwa nokugcinwa kwamafutha kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ngengcindezi ephezulu kanye nokugqwala.Uwoyela ongahluziwe ovela ngaphansi komhlaba uqukethe izinto ezifana nesulfure ne-hydrogen sulfide ezingase zikhiphe ipayipi.Lokhu kuyinkinga ebalulekile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwaukuthuthwa kwamafutha.Ngakho-ke, izinto ezikhethiwe kufanele zihlangabezane nalezi zidingo.Insimbi yinto esetshenziswa kakhulu esetshenziswa ekuthuthweni nasekugcinweni kukawoyela.Enye indlela isungulwe ukuze kwandiswe amandla ayo kanye nokumelana nokugqwala kwayo.

Abantu basebenzise ipayipi lensimbi yesakhiwo iminyaka eminingi.Amapayipi ensimbi amashubhu amade, angenalutho.Ngokwezibalo, kunezigidi zamathani amapayipi ensimbi amnyama akhiqizwayo unyaka ngamunye;ahlukahlukene ngakho-ke asetshenziswa kabanzi ezimbonini eziningi.Akunzima ukuthola ukuthi amapayipi ensimbi asetshenziswa ezindaweni eziningi.Njengoba ziqinile futhi ziqinile, zisetshenziselwa ukuthutha uwoyela, igesi, amanzi kuwo wonke amadolobha namadolobhana.Zingaba lula nakuba ziqinile.Ipayipi elimnyama, uhlobo lwepayipi lensimbi elimnyama, lalisetshenziswa kakhulu ezindlini ezakhiwe ngaphambi kweminyaka yawo-1960.Kodwa njengoba amapayipi amnyama ehlala isikhathi eside, asasetshenziselwa izicelo ezifana negesi namafutha.Ukubukeka okumnyama kwakhiwe isikali se-oxide esimnyama lapho kwenziwa ipayipi lensimbi.

Amapayipi ensimbi asetshenziswa kabanzi embonini ye-petroleum nakweminye imikhakha eminingi, ngakho anomthamo omkhulu wokusetshenziswa.Kunezinhlobo eziningi zamapayipi ensimbi kawoyela;lezi zinhlobo ezimbili zezimiso ipayipi lomthombo kawoyela (ikhola yokubhola, ipayipi lokubhoboza, ipayipi lebhokisi, uphaya weshubhu njll.) kanye nepayipi lokuthutha likawoyela negesi.Amapayipi ensimbi angangcwatshwa ngaphansi komhlaba amakhulu eminyaka ngomonakalo omncane onikeza udumo ekumelaneni kwawo okuhle kakhulu nokuqhekeka kwengcindezi.Angaphinde asetshenziselwe isitoreji sangaphandle ngenxa yokusebenza okuthembekile okumangalisayo.Ukumba umthombo ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kukawoyela nokuxhashazwa kudinga amapayipi okubhoboza namakholola okubhoboza, isikhwama sokuqinisa umthombo sidinga isikhwama, kanye nokubuyiswa kukawoyela kudinga amashubhu.Eminyakeni yamuva, ukusetshenziswa konyaka kwamapayipi omthombo kawoyela kungamathani ayizigidi eziyi-1.3.Ukuthuthwa kwamapayipi kuyindlela eyonga kakhulu futhi enengqondo kawoyela.

Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kwepayipi, isidingo sepayipi lomzila wokuthutha uwoyela sikhule kakhulu eChina.Ipayipi lensimbi elimnyama liwuhlobo lwepayipi lensimbi le-API elinesikali se-oxide esimnyama ebusweni balo.Ayibizi futhi idonsa kakhulu kunamanye amapayipi ensimbi ngakho idumile emhlabeni jikelele.Ngokuvamile, ukumelana nogesi okushiselwe ipayipi lensimbi lisetshenziselwa ukuhanjiswa kukawoyela okungaqinisekisa ikhwalithi echaziwe lapho ulisebenzisa.Lolu hlobo lwepayipi yensimbi emnene luhlala luzinzile endaweni eshisayo noma emanzi.Ukubaluleka kokuthuthwa kukawoyela ukuze kuhlinzekwe ngamandla kwenza imboni yokukhiqiza amapayipi ensimbi iqhubeke nokuthuthuka kanye nokunakwa okwengeziwe kuyo.Okumelana nokugqwala, upende osuselwe emanzini usetshenziswa ungqimba lwangaphandle ukuvimbela ukugqwala komkhathi ngesikhathi sokuthutha nokugcinwa.Ungakwazi futhi ukusiza izendlalelo eziningi zokuzivikela kumapayipi ukuze uzenze ziqine.