Ipayipi lensimbi lomthungo eliqondile liyipayipi lensimbi elinomthungo oshiselwe ohambisana nesiqondiso se-longitudinal sepayipi lensimbi. Ngokuvamile ihlukaniswe ngamapayipi ensimbi kagesi ane-metric ashiselwe, amapayipi kagesi ashiselwe anezindonga ezincane, amapayipi kawoyela okupholisa i-transformer, njll. Inqubo yokukhiqiza Amapayipi ensimbi aqondile anemvamisa ephezulu anezici zenqubo elula nokukhiqizwa okuqhubekayo okusheshayo. Zisetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakheni umphakathi, i-petrochemical, imboni yokukhanya, neminye iminyango. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ukuthutha uketshezi olunomfutho ophansi noma lwenziwe izingxenye ezihlukahlukene zobunjiniyela kanye nemikhiqizo yezimboni elula..

1. Ukugeleza kwenqubo yokukhiqiza komthungo oqondile wepayipi lensimbi elivalekile

Ipayipi lensimbi elithungelwe ngomthungo oqondile lenziwa ngokugoqa umucu omude wensimbi wento ethile ebekiwe ube umumo weshubhu eliyindilinga ngokusebenzisa iyunithi yokushisela enemvamisa ephezulu bese ushisela umthungo oqondile ukuze kwakheke ipayipi lensimbi. Ukuma kwepayipi lensimbi kungaba yindilinga, isikwele, noma umumo okhethekile, okuncike ekulinganisweni nasekugoqeni ngemuva kokushisela. Izinto eziyinhloko zamapayipi ensimbi ashiselwe yinsimbi ephansi ye-carbon nensimbi ephansi ye-alloy noma ezinye izinto zensimbiσs≤300N/mm2, kanyeσs≤500N/mm2..

2. High-frequency welding

I-High-frequency welding isekelwe kumgomo wokungeniswa kuka-electromagnetic kanye nomthelela wesikhumba, ukusondelana, kanye nomthelela wamanje oshisayo we-eded wezindleko ze-AC ku-conductor ukuze insimbi esemaphethelweni e-weld ifudunyezwe endaweni ibe yisimo esincibilikisiwe. Ngemuva kokukhishwa nge-roller, i-butt weld i-inter-crystalline. Kuhlanganiswe ukufeza inhloso yokushisela. I-High-frequency welding iwuhlobo lwe-induction welding (noma i-pressure contact welding). Ayidingi ama-weld fillers, ayinayo i-spatter yokushisela, inezindawo ezincane ezithintekayo ekushiseni, izimo ezinhle zokushisela, kanye nezakhiwo ezinhle zokushisela. Ngakho-ke, kuyathandwa ekukhiqizeni amapayipi ensimbi. Uhla olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza..

I-High-frequency welding yamapayipi ensimbi isebenzisa umphumela wesikhumba kanye nomphumela oseduze wamanje oshintshayo. Ngemuva kokuthi insimbi (i-strip) igoqwe futhi yakhiwe, ithubhu eliyindilinga elingenalutho elinesigaba esiphukile liyakhiwa, elijikelezwa ngaphakathi kwepayipi eliseduze nendawo yekhoyili yokungeniswa. Noma isethi yama-resistors (izinduku kazibuthe). I-resistor kanye nokuvulwa kweshubhu elingenalutho kwenza iluphu yokungeniswa kagesi. Ngaphansi kwesenzo somphumela wesikhumba kanye nomphumela wokusondeza, unqenqema lokuvula okungenalutho kweshubhu lukhiqiza umphumela oshisayo oqinile futhi ogxilile, okwenza unqenqema lwe-weld Ngemva kokushiswa ngokushesha ekushiseni okudingekile ukuze kufakwe i-welding futhi kukhishwe nge-roller yokucindezela, insimbi encibilikisiwe ifinyelela ukuhlangana kwe-inter-granular futhi yakhe ukushisela okuqinile kwezinqe ngemva kokupholisa.

3. Iyunithi yepayipi eshiselwe imvamisa ephezulu

Inqubo yokushisela ye-high-frequency welding yamapayipi ensimbi yomthungo igcwaliswa ngamayunithi amapayipi ashiselwe imvamisa ephezulu. Amayunithi epayipi ashiselwe imvamisa ephezulu ngokuvamile ahlanganisa ukwakhiwa kwama-roll, i-high-frequency welding, i-extrusion, ukupholisa, ukusika, ukusika amasaha endizayo, nezinye izakhi. Ingxenye yangaphambili yeyunithi ifakwe i-loop yokugcina, futhi isiphetho sangemuva seyunithi ifakwe ifreyimu yokuguqula ipayipi yensimbi; Ingxenye kagesi ikakhulukazi iqukethe ijeneretha enemvamisa ephezulu, ijeneretha ye-DC excitation, kanye nedivayisi yokulawula okuzenzakalelayo.

4. High-frequency excitation circuit

I-high-frequency excitation circuit (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-high-frequency oscillation circuit) yenziwe ngeshubhu ye-electron enkulu kanye ne-oscillation tank efakwe ku-generator-frequency generator. Isebenzisa umphumela wokukhulisa ishubhu ye-electron. Lapho ishubhu le-electron lixhunywe kumcu ne-anode, isignali ye-anode iyisiginali ibuyiselwa esangweni, yenze iluphu ye-oscillation yokuzithokozisa. Usayizi we-excitation frequency incike kumapharamitha kagesi (i-voltage, yamanje, i-capacitance, ne-inductance) ye-oscillation tank..

5. Straight umthungo steel pipe inqubo high-frequency Welding

5.1 Ukulawulwa kwegebe lokushisela

I-strip steel ifakwa kuyunithi yepayipi elishiselwe. Ngemva kokugoqwa ngama-roller amaningi, insimbi ye-strip igoqwa kancane kancane ukuze yakhe ishubhu eliyindilinga elingenalutho elinesikhala esivulekayo. Lungisa inani elincishisiwe le-extrusion roller ukuze ulawule igebe lokushisela phakathi kuka-1 no-3 mm. Futhi wenze iziphetho zombili zembobo yokushisela zishise. Uma igebe likhulu kakhulu, umphumela wokusondela uzoncishiswa, ukushisa kwamanje kwe-eddy ngeke kwanele, futhi ukubopha kwe-inter-crystal ye-weld kuzoba kubi, okuholela ekuntulekeni kokuhlanganisa noma ukuqhekeka. Uma igebe lincane kakhulu, umphumela wokusondela uzokhula futhi ukushisa kwe-welding kuyoba phezulu kakhulu, okubangela ukushisa kwe-weld; noma i-weld izokwakha umgodi ojulile ngemva kokukhishwa nokugoqwa, okuthinta izinga eliphezulu le-weld..

5.2 Ukulawula izinga lokushisa lokushisela

Izinga lokushisa lokushisela lithinteka kakhulu amandla okushisa wamanje we-eddy high-frequency. Ngokusho kwefomula (2), kungabonakala ukuthi amandla okushisa amanje e-eddy aphezulu athinteka kakhulu yimvamisa yamanje. Amandla ashisayo wamanje e-eddy alingana nesikwele sefrikhwensi ye-excitation yamanje, futhi imvamisa yamanje ye-excitation iphinde ithintwa i-excitation frequency. Imiphumela ye-voltage, yamanje, i-capacitance, ne-inductance. Ifomula yefrikhwensi yenjabulo ithi f=1/[2π(CL)1/2]…(1) Kuphi: i-f-excitation frequency (Hz); I-C-capacitance (F) ku-loop ye-excitation, i-capacitance = amandla/ Amandla kagesi; I-L-inductance ku-excitation loop, inductance = i-magnetic flux/current. Kungabonakala kufomula engenhla ukuthi i-excitation frequency ilingana ngokuphambene nempande yesikwele ye-capacitance kanye ne-inductance ku-loop ye-excitation, noma ngokulingana ngokuqondile nempande yesikwele ye-voltage kanye neyamanje. Uma nje i-capacitance ne-inductance ku-loop ishintshiwe, i-voltage ye-inductive noma yamanje ingashintsha imvamisa yokuvuselela, ngaleyo ndlela ifeze injongo yokulawula izinga lokushisa lokushisela. Ngensimbi ye-carbon ephansi, izinga lokushisa lokushisela lilawulwa ku-1250 ~ 1460℃, engahlangabezana nemfuneko yokufaka i-welding engu-3 ~ 5mm odongeni lwamapayipi ubukhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinga lokushisa lokushisela lingafinyelelwa ngokulungisa isivinini sokushisela. Uma ukushisa okokufaka kunganele, umkhawulo we-weld oshisayo awukwazi ukufinyelela izinga lokushisa lokushisela, futhi isakhiwo sensimbi sihlala siqinile, okuholela ekuhlanganiseni okungaphelele noma ukuthungatha okungaphelele; lapho ukushisa okokufaka kunganele, unqenqema lwe-weld olushisiwe ludlula izinga lokushisa lokushisela, okuholela ekushiseni ngokweqile noma amaconsi ancibilikisiwe kuzokwenza ukuthi i-weld yakhe imbobo encibilikisiwe..

5.3 Ukulawulwa kwamandla e-extrusion

Ngemva kokuba imiphetho emibili yeshubhu engenalutho ishiselwe ezingeni lokushisa lokushisela, igxilwa yi-roller yokuminyanisa ukuze yenze izinhlamvu zensimbi ezivamile ezingena futhi zicwebezele komunye nomunye, ekugcineni zenze i-weld eqinile. Uma amandla e-extrusion amancane kakhulu, inani lamakristalu avamile akhiwe liyoba lincane, amandla ensimbi ye-weld azokwehla, futhi ukuqhekeka kuzokwenzeka ngemva kokucindezeleka; uma amandla e-extrusion makhulu kakhulu, insimbi encibilikisiwe izocindezelwa ngaphandle kwe-weld, engeke inciphise kuphela Amandla we-weld ancishisiwe, futhi inani elikhulu lama-burrs angaphakathi nangaphandle azokhiqizwa, ngisho nokubangela amaphutha afana welding lap seams..

5.4 Ukulawulwa kokuma kwekhoyili yokungeniswa kwemvamisa ephezulu

Ikhoyili ye-high-frequency induction kufanele ibe seduze ngangokunokwenzeka endaweni ye-squeeze roller. Uma ikhoyili ye-induction ikude ne-roller extrusion, isikhathi sokushisa esisebenzayo sizoba side, indawo ethintekile ukushisa izoba banzi, futhi amandla we-weld azokwehla; ngokuphambene nalokho, umkhawulo we-weld ngeke ushiswe ngokwanele futhi umumo uzoba mpofu ngemva kokukhishwa..

5.5 I-resistor eyodwa noma iqoqo lezinti ezikhethekile zikazibuthe zamapayipi ashiselwe. Indawo ye-cross-sectional ye-resistor ngokuvamile akufanele ibe ngaphansi kuka-70% wendawo ye-cross-sectional ye-diameter yangaphakathi yepayipi yensimbi. Umsebenzi wayo ukwenza iluphu yokungeniswa kagesi ngekhoyili yokungeniswa, unqenqema lomthungo wepayipi ongenalutho weld, kanye nenduku kazibuthe. , okukhiqiza umphumela wokusondeza, ukushisa kwamanje kwe-eddy kugxilwe eduze konqenqema lwe-tube weld engenalutho, okwenza unqenqema lweshubhu elingenalutho lushiswe ekushiseni okushiselayo. I-resistor ihudulwa ngaphakathi kweshubhu elingenalutho ngentambo yensimbi, futhi indawo yaso emaphakathi kufanele imiswe ngokuqhathaniswa eduze nendawo emaphakathi yerola ye-extrusion. Uma umshini uvuliwe, ngenxa yokunyakaza okusheshayo kwe-tube engenalutho, i-resistor ilahlekelwa ukulahlekelwa okukhulu ngenxa yokungqubuzana kodonga lwangaphakathi lwe-tube engenalutho futhi idinga ukushintshwa njalo..

5.6 Ngemva kokushisela nokukhipha izibazi zokushisela zizokhiqizwa futhi zidinga ukususwa. Indlela yokuhlanza ukulungisa ithuluzi kuhlaka futhi uthembele ekuhambeni okusheshayo kwepayipi elishiselwe ukushelela isibazi se-weld. Imibhobho engaphakathi kwamapayipi ashiselwe ngokuvamile ayisuswa..

6. Izidingo zobuchwepheshe kanye nokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yamapayipi ashiselwe imvamisa ephezulu

Ngokwezinga le-GB3092 “Welded Steel Pipe for Low-Pressure Fluid Transport”, ububanzi bepayipi obushiselwe bungu-6~150mm, ubukhulu bodonga obujwayelekile bungu-2.0 ~ 6.0mm, ubude bepayipi elishiselwe ngokuvamile buba ngu-4~10 amamitha futhi ingacaciswa ngobude obungaguquki noma ubude obuningi Imboni. Izinga elingaphezulu lamapayipi ensimbi kufanele libe bushelelezi, futhi amaphutha njengokugoqa, ukuqhekeka, i-delamination, kanye ne-lap welding akuvunyelwe. Ingaphezulu lepayipi lensimbi livunyelwe ukuthi libe neziphambeko ezincane ezifana nokuklwebheka, ukuklwebheka, ukuhlukaniswa kwe-weld, ukusha, nezibazi ezingadluli ukuchezuka okungalungile kodonga lodonga. Ukuqina kodonga endaweni yokushisela kanye nokuba khona kwemigoqo ye-weld yangaphakathi kuvunyelwe. Amapayipi ensimbi ashiselwe kufanele ahlolwe ukusebenza kwemishini, izivivinyo zokuthambisa, nokuhlolwa kokunwetshwa, futhi kufanele ahlangabezane nezidingo ezibalulwe ezingeni. Ipayipi lensimbi kufanele likwazi ukumelana nokucindezela okuthile kwangaphakathi. Uma kunesidingo, ukuhlolwa komfutho we-2.5Mpa kufanele kwenziwe ukuze kugcinwe kungavuzi umzuzu owodwa. Kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa indlela ye-eddy yamanje yokuthola amaphutha esikhundleni sokuhlolwa kwe-hydrostatic. Ukutholwa kwamaphutha amanje ka-Eddy kwenziwa yi-GB7735 ejwayelekile “Indlela Yokuhlola I-Eddy Yamanje Yokuhlola Iphutha Lamapayipi Ensimbi”. Indlela yamanje yokuthola amaphutha ukulungisa i-probe kufreyimu, ugcine ibanga elingu-3~5mm phakathi kokutholwa kwamaphutha nokushisela, futhi uthembele ekunyakazeni okusheshayo kwepayipi lensimbi ukwenza ukuskena okubanzi kokushisela. Isignali yokuthola amaphutha icutshungulwa ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi ihlungwe ngokuzenzakalelayo ngomtshina we-eddi wamanje wamaphutha. Ukuze kuzuzwe injongo yokuthola amaphutha. Kuyipayipi lensimbi elenziwe ngezingcwecwe zensimbi noma izicucu zensimbi ezigoqekayo bese ziyashiselwa. Inqubo yokukhiqiza amapayipi ensimbi ashiselwe ilula, ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kuphezulu, kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi kanye nokucaciswa, futhi ukutshalwa kwezimali kwemishini kuncane, kodwa amandla ajwayelekile aphansi kunamapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo. Kusukela ngawo-1930, ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kokukhiqizwa okuqhubekayo kwensimbi ye-strip ephezulu kanye nentuthuko ye-welding kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuhlola, izinga lokushisela liye laqhubeka lithuthuka, futhi izinhlobo kanye nokucaciswa kwamapayipi ensimbi ashiselwe kuye kwanda usuku nosuku. , esikhundleni samapayipi ensimbi angaphelile emikhakheni eyengeziwe. Ipayipi lensimbi yokuthunga. Amapayipi ensimbi ashiselwe ahlukaniswe abe amapayipi ahlanganisiwe aqondile kanye namapayipi ashiselwe okuvunguza ngokwendlela yokushisela. Inqubo yokukhiqiza ipayipi elihlanganisiwe lomthungo ilula, ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kuphezulu, izindleko ziphansi, futhi ukuthuthukiswa kuyashesha. Amandla amapayipi ashiselwe okuvunguzayo ngokuvamile aphezulu kunalawo amapayipi ashiselwe ngomthungo oqondile. Amapayipi ahlanganisiwe anama-diameter amakhulu angakhiqizwa kusuka kumabhilidi amancane, futhi amapayipi ahlanganisiwe anama-diameter ahlukene angabuye akhiqizwe kusuka kumabhilidi obubanzi obufanayo. Kodwa-ke, uma kuqhathaniswa namapayipi e-seam aqondile ubude obufanayo, ubude be-weld bukhuphuka ngo-30 ~ 100%, futhi isivinini sokukhiqiza siphansi. Ngemva kokutholwa kwamaphutha, ipayipi elishiselwe lisikwa libe ngobude obushiwo ngesaha endizayo futhi ligoqwe lisuke entanjeni yokukhiqiza ngeflip frame. Zombili iziphetho zepayipi lensimbi kufanele zibe flat-chamfered futhi zimakwe, futhi amapayipi aqediwe kufanele apakishwe ngezinyanda ezinezinhlangothi ezine ngaphambi kokuphuma embonini.