Ububanzi bokusetshenziswa kwamashubhu angenamthungo ekukhiqizeni nasekuphileni buya ngokuya buba banzi. Ukuthuthukiswa kwamashubhu angenamthungo eminyakeni yamuva kubonise umkhuba omuhle. Ukuze kwenziwe amashubhu angenamthungo, kuphinde kuqinisekiswe ukucubungula nokukhiqizwa kwawo kwekhwalithi ephezulu. I-HSCO nayo yamukelwe Abakhiqizi abaningi baye bayincoma, futhi ngizokunikeza izethulo ezimfushane mayelana nenqubo yokukhiqiza amashubhu angenamthungo lapha, ukuze wonke umuntu akwazi ukuyiqonda.

Inqubo yokukhiqiza amashubhu ensimbi engenamthungo ihlukaniswe kakhulu ngezinyathelo ezimbili ezinkulu:

1. Ukuginqika okushisayo (ishubhu lensimbi elingenamthungo elikhishiwe): ishubhu eliyindilinga billet → ukushisisa → ukubhoboza → ukugoqa okuphambanayo okungama-roll amathathu, ukugoqeka okuqhubekayo noma ukukhishwa → ukuhlubula → ukwenza usayizi (noma ukunciphisa) → ukupholisa → ukuqondisa → ukuhlolwa kwamanzi (noma ukutholwa kwamaphutha) → ukumaka → ukugcinwa kwempahla

Impahla eluhlaza yokugingqa ipayipi elingenamthungo yi-tube billet eyindilinga, futhi i-embryo yeshubhu eliyindilinga kufanele isikwe ngomshini wokusika ukuze kukhule amabhilidi anobude obuyimitha elingu-1, bese iyiswa esithandweni ngebhande lokuhambisa. I-Billet ifakwa esithandweni ukuze kushiswe, izinga lokushisa lingaba ngu-1200 degrees Celsius. Uphethiloli uyi-hydrogen noma i-acetylene, futhi ukulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa esithandweni kuyinkinga ebalulekile.

Ngemuva kokuthi i-tube billet eyindilinga isiphumile esithandweni, kufanele ibhobozwe ngombhobho wokucindezela. Ngokuvamile, umbhobozi ovame kakhulu umbhobozi we-cone roll. Lolu hlobo lokubhoboza lusebenza kahle kakhulu ekukhiqizeni, ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo omuhle, ukunwetshwa okukhulu kobubanzi bokubhoboza, futhi lungagqoka izinhlobo zensimbi ezihlukahlukene. Ngemuva kokubhoboza, i-tube billet eyindilinga igoqeka ngokulandelana, igoqwe ngokuqhubekayo noma ikhishwe ngemiqulu emithathu. Lesi yisinyathelo sokubumba ipayipi lensimbi engenamthungo, ngakho-ke kufanele senziwe ngokucophelela. Ngemuva kwe-extrusion, kuyadingeka ukususa i-tube nokulinganisa. Ukulinganisa ngezimbobo ze-rotary cone ezinesivinini esikhulu ku-billet ukuze kwakheke ishubhu. Ububanzi bangaphakathi bombhobho wensimbi bunqunywa ubude be-diameter yangaphandle ye-drill bit yomshini wokulinganisa. Ngemva kokuba ipayipi lensimbi lilinganiselwe, lingena embhoshongweni wokupholisa futhi lipholiswe ngokufafaza amanzi. Ngemva kokuba ipayipi lensimbi selipholile, lizoqondiswa. Ngemva kokuqondisa, ipayipi lensimbi lithunyelwa kumtshina wensimbi (noma ukuhlolwa kwe-hydraulic) ngebhande lokudlulisa ukuze kutholwe amaphutha angaphakathi. Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, uma kukhona ukuqhekeka, ama-bubbles nezinye izinkinga ngaphakathi kwepayipi lensimbi, zizotholwa.

Ngemuva kokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yamapayipi ensimbi, ukukhetha okuqinile okwenziwa ngesandla kuyadingeka. Ngemuva kokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yepayipi yensimbi, penda inombolo ye-serial, ukucaciswa, inombolo ye-batch yokukhiqiza, njll. ngopende. Futhi waphakanyiselwa endlini yokugcina izimpahla by crane. Qinisekisa ukuthi uqinisekisa ikhwalithi yepayipi yensimbi engenamthungo kanye nokusebenza kwenqubo yemininingwane.

2. Ishubhu lensimbi elibandayo elidonsayo (eligoqiwe) elingenamthungo: ishubhu eliyindilinga alinalutho→ukushisa→ukubhoboza→isihloko→ukulanda→ukucosha→ukugcoba→ukugcoba (ukucwebezela kwethusi)→umdwebo obandayo onamapayipi amaningi (ukuginqika okubandayo)→ithubhu elingenalutho→ukwelashwa kokushisa→ukuqondisa → i-hydrostatic ukuhlola (ukutholwa kwamaphutha) → ukumaka → isitoreji.

Phakathi kwazo, indlela yokugoqa yeshubhu yensimbi engenamthungo (egoqiwe) edonsayo (egoqiwe) iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunokuginqika okushisayo (ishubhu lensimbi engenamthungo). Izinyathelo ezintathu zokuqala zenqubo yabo yokukhiqiza ziyefana. Ngakho-ke, kulula ukusebenza. Umehluko wukuthi kusukela esinyathelweni sesine, ngemuva kokuthi i-tube eyindilinga ingenalutho, idinga ukuholwa futhi ifakwe. Ngemuva kokukhishwa kwe-anneal, sebenzisa uketshezi olukhethekile olune-asidi ukuqoqa. Ngemva pickling, sebenzisa amafutha. Bese ilandelwa umdwebo obandayo we-multi-pass (i-cold rolling) kanye nokwelashwa okushisa okukhethekile. Ngemuva kokwelashwa okushisa, kuzoqondiswa. Ngemva kokuqondisa, ipayipi lensimbi lithunyelwa kumtshina wensimbi (noma ukuhlolwa kwe-hydraulic) ngebhande lokudlulisa ukuze kutholwe amaphutha angaphakathi. Uma kukhona ukuqhekeka, ama-bubbles nezinye izinkinga ngaphakathi kwepayipi lensimbi, zizotholwa.

Ngemuva kokuthi lezi zinqubo seziqediwe, amapayipi ensimbi kufanele adlule ukukhethwa okuqinile kwezandla ngemuva kokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi. Ngemuva kokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yepayipi yensimbi, penda inombolo ye-serial, ukucaciswa, inombolo ye-batch yokukhiqiza, njll. ngopende. Ngemva kokuba yonke le misebenzi isiqediwe, izobe ikhushulelwa endlini yokugcina impahla ngokhreni.

Amashubhu ensimbi angenamthungo afakwa endaweni yokugcina kufanele futhi agcinwe ngokucophelela futhi anakekelwe ngokwesayensi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izinga eliphezulu lamashubhu ensimbi engenamthungo aphuma efekthri uma ethengiswa.