Inhloso yokwakhiwa kwenqwaba yamapayipi ensimbi iwukudlulisa umthwalo wesakhiwo esingaphezulu endaweni ejulile yenhlabathi enamandla okuthwala amandla noma ukuhlanganisa ungqimba lomhlabathi obuthakathaka ukuze kuthuthukiswe amandla okuthwala nokubumbana kwesisekelo senhlabathi. Ngakho-ke, ukwakhiwa kwezinqwaba zamapayipi kufanele kuqinisekiswe. izinga, ngaphandle kwalokho isakhiwo sizobe singazinzile. Izinyathelo zokwakha inqwaba yamapayipi yilezi:

1. Ukuhlola nokubeka indawo: Unjiniyela ohlolayo ubeka izinqwaba ngokwebalazwe eliklanyelwe indawo yenqwaba bese emaka izindawo zokunqwabelanisa ngezinqwaba zokhuni noma umlotha omhlophe.

2. Umshayeli wenqwaba usendaweni: Umshayeli wenqwaba usendaweni, qondanisa indawo yenqwaba, futhi enze ukwakhiwa kume mpo nangokuzinza ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ayitsheki noma ayinyakazi ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa. Umshayeli wenqwaba ubekwe endaweni yenqwaba, phakamisa inqwaba yepayipi kumshayeli wenqwaba, bese ubeka ukuphela kwenqwaba phakathi nendawo yenqwaba, phakamisa insika, futhi ulungise izinga kanye nendawo yenqwaba.

3. Ithiphu yenqwaba yokushisela: Thatha ithiphu lenqwaba yesiphambano esivame ukusetshenziswa njengesibonelo. Ithiphu yenqwaba yesiphambano ibekwe endaweni yenqwaba ngemva kokuqinisekisa, futhi ipuleti lokugcina elingezansi lenqwaba yepayipi lesigaba lishiselwe phakathi nendawo yalo. I-welding yenziwa kusetshenziswa i-CO2 shielded welding. Ngemuva kokushisela, Amathiphu enqwaba apendwe ngetiyela elilwa nokugqwala.

4. Ukutholwa kokuma: Lungisa ubude bokunwetshwa kwenduku yepulaki kawoyela yesilinda somlenze womshayeli wenqwaba ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi inkundla yomshayeli wenqwaba isezingeni. Ngemuva kokuthi inqwaba isifinyelele ku-500mm enhlabathini, misa ama-theodolite amabili ngendlela eqondile ukuze ulinganise ukuma kwenqwaba. Iphutha akufanele libe ngaphezu kuka-0.5%.

5. Ukucindezela inqwaba: Inqwaba ingacindezelwa kuphela lapho amandla kakhonkolo enqwaba efinyelela ku-100% wamandla okuklama, futhi inqwaba ihlala imile ngaphandle kokungajwayelekile ngaphansi kokuqinisekiswa kwe-theodolite emibili. Ngesikhathi sokucindezela inqwaba, uma kunokuqhekeka okukhulu, ukutsheka, noma ukuchezuka kungazelelwe kwenqwaba yomzimba, inqwaba ingacindezelwa. Ukwakhiwa kufanele kumiswe uma izenzakalo ezifana nokunyakaza kanye nezinguquko ezinkulu ekungeneni kwenzeka, futhi ukwakhiwa kufanele kuqaliswe kabusha ngemva kokubamba. Lapho ucindezela inqwaba, qaphela ijubane lenqwaba. Lapho inqwaba ingena ongqimbeni lwesihlabathi, isivinini kufanele sisheshiswe ngokufanelekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ithiphu lenqwaba linamandla athile okungena. Lapho ungqimba oluthwele lufinyelelwa noma umfutho kawoyela ukhuphuka ngokuzumayo, inqwaba kufanele Yehlise ijubane lokucindezela ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuphuka kwenqwaba.

6. Ukuxhumeka kwenqwaba: Ngokuvamile, ubude benqwaba yepayipi yesigaba esisodwa abudluli ku-15m. Uma ubude benqwaba obuklanyelwe bubude kunobude benqwaba yesigaba esisodwa, ukuxhumana kwenqwaba kuyadingeka. Ngokuvamile, inqubo yokushisela kagesi isetshenziselwa ukushisela uxhumano lwenqwaba. Ngesikhathi sokushisela, abantu ababili kufanele bashise ngokulinganayo ngasikhathi sinye. , izinto zokushisela kufanele ziqhubeke futhi zigcwale, futhi akumele kube nezinkinga zokwakha. Ngemuva kokuthi ukuxhuma kwenqwaba sekuqediwe, kufanele kuhlolwe futhi kwamukelwe ngaphambi kokuba ukwakhiwa kwenqwaba kuqhubeke.

7. Ukuphakelwa kwenqwaba: Uma inqwaba icindezelwa ku-500mm ukusuka endaweni yokugcwalisa, sebenzisa ithuluzi lokuphakela inqwaba ukuze ucindezele inqwaba ekuphakameni kokuklama, futhi ukwandise ukucindezela okumile ngendlela efanele. Ngaphambi kokuphakela inqwaba, ukujula kokuphakelwa kwenqwaba kufanele kubalwe ngokwezidingo zokuklama, futhi ukujula kokuphakela kwenqwaba kufanele kubalwe ngokwezidingo zokuklama. Maka idivayisi. Lapho inqwaba ilethwa cishe ku-1m ukusuka endaweni ephakeme yomklamo, umhloli uyala umshayeli wenqwaba ukuthi ehlise isivinini sokushayela inqwaba futhi alandelele futhi abheke isimo sokulethwa kwenqwaba. Lapho ukulethwa kwenqwaba kufinyelela ekuphakameni komklamo, isignali ithunyelwa ukumisa ukulethwa kwenqwaba.

8. Inqwaba yokugcina: Ukulawulwa kabili kwevelu yokucindezela kanye nobude benqwaba kuyadingeka ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa kwezinqwaba zobunjiniyela. Lapho ufaka ungqimba oluthwalayo, ukulawula ubude benqwaba kuyindlela eyinhloko, futhi ukulawulwa kwenani lokucindezela kuyisengezo. Uma kukhona okungahambi kahle, iyunithi yokuklama kufanele yaziswe ukuze isingathwe.