Insimbi engagqwali, njengensimbi evamile, isetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni eminingi ngenxa yokumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu, ukumelana nokushisa, kanye nezakhiwo zemishini. Phakathi kwazo, impahla yepayipi yensimbi engagqwali engu-316L idonsele ukunakwa okukhulu ngokusebenza kwayo okuyingqayizivele kanye nohlu olubanzi lwezimo zohlelo lokusebenza.

Ipayipi lensimbi engu-316L iwuhlobo lwensimbi engagqwali ye-austenitic enesakhiwo sangaphakathi esizinzile kanye nokumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu. Igama layo elithi "316L" livela ekwakhiweni kwayo kwamakhemikhali, okuqukethe ikakhulukazi i-chromium (Cr), i-nickel (Ni), kanye nenani elincane le-molybdenum (Mo). Le nhlanganisela ekhethekile yezithako inika insimbi engagqwali engu-316L ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ngokumelene nokugqwala kwe-chloride.

1. Izici eziyinhloko zepayipi lensimbi engagqwali engu-316L
① Ukumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu: Ipayipi lensimbi engagqwali elingu-316L lingamelana nokugqwala okuvela ezintweni eziningi eziphilayo nezingaphili, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni eziqukethe ama-chloride, futhi ukumelana nokugqwala kwalo kuphakeme kakhulu kunenye insimbi engagqwali evamile.
② Izakhiwo ezinhle zemishini: 316L insimbi engagqwali ine-ductility enhle, ukuqina, namandla, futhi ingahlangabezana nezidingo ezahlukahlukene zokucubungula nokufaka.
③ Ukuqina kwethempelesha ephansi: Ngisho nasezindaweni ezinezinga lokushisa eliphansi, amapayipi ensimbi engagqwali angu-316L angagcina ukuqina okuhle kanye nezakhiwo zemishini futhi awathambekele ekumbrittlement.
④ Ukucutshungulwa okuhle kakhulu: Ipayipi lensimbi engagqwali elingu-316L kulula ukulisika, ukugoba, ukushisela, nokunye ukucutshungulwa, futhi kungenziwa kalula kube ukufakwa kwamapayipi ezinhlobonhlobo nezakhiwo.

2. Izinkambu zokufaka isicelo zepayipi lensimbi engagqwali engu-316L
Ngenxa yokumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu kanye nezakhiwo zemishini, ipayipi lensimbi engagqwali elingu-316L lisetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni eminingi:
① Imboni yamakhemikhali: Emkhiqizweni wamakhemikhali, amapayipi ensimbi engagqwali angu-316L akwazi ukumelana nokugqwala okuvela ezinhlobonhlobo zamakhemikhali futhi ayizinto ezikhethwayo zokuthutha imidiya egqwalayo.
② Ubunjiniyela basolwandle: Ezindaweni zasolwandle, amapayipi ensimbi engagqwali angu-316L asetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhishweni kukasawoti emanzini olwandle, ekuhloleni uwoyela ogwini lolwandle, nakwezinye izinkambu ngenxa yokumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu kwe-chloride.
③ Inkundla yezokwelapha: 316L ipayipi lensimbi engagqwali lisetshenziswa kabanzi kumishini yezokwelapha, amathuluzi okuhlinza, njll. ngenxa yokuhambisana kwayo kwezinto eziphilayo kanye nokumelana nokugqwala.
④ Imboni yokudla: Ngesikhathi sokucubungula nokugcinwa kokudla, amapayipi ensimbi engagqwali angu-316L angahlangabezana nezidingo zokuhlanzeka nokugqwala futhi aqinisekise ukuphepha kokudla.

3. Ukukhiqizwa nokucutshungulwa kwamapayipi ensimbi engagqwali angu-316L
Ukukhiqizwa kwepayipi lensimbi engu-316L ngokuvamile kuhlanganisa ukuncibilika, ukugoqa, ukubhoboza, ukwelashwa kokushisa, nezinye izixhumanisi. Phakathi nenqubo yokuncibilikisa, okuqukethwe kwezakhi ezihlukahlukene kudinga ukulawulwa ngokunembile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuzinzile kwensimbi. Izixhumanisi zokugingqa nokubhoboza zisebenzisa izinto zokusebenza ezinemba okuphezulu nobuchwepheshe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba kwe-dimensional kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu yepayipi lensimbi. Ukwelashwa kokushisa kusetshenziselwa ukuqeda ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi okukhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokucutshungulwa kwamapayipi ensimbi nokuthuthukisa izakhiwo zemishini yamapayipi ensimbi.

Mayelana nokucubungula, amapayipi ensimbi engagqwali angu-316L angasetshenziselwa ukusika, ukugoba, ukushisela neminye imisebenzi. Lapho usika, izindlela ezinjengokusikwa ngomshini, ukusika i-laser, noma ukusika i-plasma zingasetshenziswa. Ukugoba kungafezwa ngokugoba okubandayo noma ukugoba okushisayo, kuye ngokuqina kodonga kanye ne-radius egobile yepayipi lensimbi. Ukushisela kuwumsebenzi ovamile ekucubunguleni ipayipi lensimbi engagqwali engu-316L. Izindlela zokushisela ezijwayelekile zifaka i-TIG welding, i-MIG welding, kanye ne-plasma welding.

4. Amathemba emakethe wamapayipi ensimbi engagqwali angu-316L
Ngokuthuthuka kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe kanye nokuthuthuka kwezimboni, isidingo sezinto ezisebenza kahle kakhulu siyakhula. Ipayipi lensimbi engagqwali engu-316L linesikhundla esibalulekile emakethe ngokusebenza kwayo okuhle kakhulu kanye nohlu olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza. Ngokuzayo, ngokuthuthukiswa kwezidingo zokuvikela imvelo kanye nokuthuthuka okusheshayo kwemboni yamakhemikhali, ubunjiniyela basolwandle, neminye imikhakha, isidingo semakethe samapayipi ensimbi engagqwali angu-316L sizoqhubeka nokukhula.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza kanye nokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokucubungula, ukusebenza kanye nekhwalithi yepayipi yensimbi engagqwali engu-316L izophinde ithuthukiswe, inikeze ithuba lokusetshenziswa kwayo emikhakheni eminingi.

Njengesisetshenziswa sekhwalithi ephezulu yokusebenza, ipayipi yensimbi engagqwali engu-316L inezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo emikhakheni eminingi ngenxa yokumelana nokugqwala okuyingqayizivele kanye nezakhiwo zemishini. Ngokukhula okuqhubekayo kwemakethe kanye nokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza, sinesizathu sokukholelwa ukuthi ipayipi yensimbi engagqwali engu-316L izodlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwesikhathi esizayo.