Ipayipi elivunguzayo, eyaziwa nangokuthi ipayipi lensimbi elivunguzayo noma ipayipi elishiselwe okuvunguzayo, iyinsimbi yesakhiwo enekhabhoni ephansi noma umucu wensimbi onengxubevange ephansi ogoqwe waba ishubhu elingenalutho nge-engeli ethile ye-helical (ebizwa ngokuthi i-engeli eyenza), eyaziwa nangokuthi ishubhu elijikelezayo noma umzimba ozungezayo. Ububanzi bangaphandle beshubhu elivunguzayo bungaba ama-nanometer angu-30, ububanzi bangaphakathi bungaba ama-nanometer angu-10, kanti iphimbo phakathi kwama-spiral aseduze cishe ama-nanometer angu-11.

Yiziphi izindlela zokukhomba ukuthi ikhwalithi yamapayipi ashiselwe asontekile anobubanzi obukhulu isezingeni?

1. Ukuhlola ngendlela ebonakalayo: indlela yokuhlola ngokomzimba iyindlela yokulinganisa noma yokuhlola ngokusebenzisa izenzakalo ezithile ezibonakalayo.

2. Ukuhlolwa kwamandla omkhumbi wokucindezela: Ngaphezu kokuhlolwa kokuqina, umkhumbi wokucindezela udinga ukuhlolwa kwamandla. Ngokuvamile kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokuhlolwa kwe-hydrostatic kanye nokuhlolwa kwengcindezi yomoya. Bobabili bahlola ukucinana kokushisela emikhunjini nasemapayipini asebenza ngaphansi kwengcindezi. Ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi yomoya kuzwela kakhulu futhi kuyashesha kunokuhlola okuqhutshwa ngamanzi. Ngasikhathi sinye, ipayipi elishiselwe okuvunguza ngobubanzi obukhulu ngemuva kokuhlolwa akudingeki ukuthi likhishwe, elifaneleka ngokukhethekile emikhiqizweni enamanzi anzima. Kodwa-ke, ingozi yokuhlolwa inkulu kuneyokuhlolwa kwe-hydrostatic. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, izinyathelo zokuphepha ezifanele kufanele zilandelwe ukuze kuvinjelwe izingozi ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa.
3. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Hydrostatic: Ipayipi ngalinye elishiselwe okuvunguza ngobubanzi obukhulu kufanele lihlolwe ingcindezi ye-hydrostatic ngaphandle kokuvuza. Ingcindezi yokuhlola ibalwa ngale ndlela elandelayo: P=2ST/D.
Kufomula, i-S—ingcindezi yokuhlola i-Mpa yokuhlolwa kwe-hydrostatic, kanye nokucindezeleka kokuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kwe-hydrostatic kukhethwa ngokuya ngama-60% yenani lesivuno elicaciswe kuzinga elihambisanayo le-strip yensimbi.

4. Ukwahlulela kusuka phezulu, okungukuthi, ukuhlolwa kokubukeka, kuyindlela yokuhlola elula nesetshenziswa kabanzi. Kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuhlolwa komkhiqizo ophelile. Ikakhulukazi ukuthola amaphutha endaweni yokushisela kanye nokuchezuka kwe-dimensional. Ngokuvamile, ihlolwe ngamehlo anqunu, ngosizo lwezifanekiso ezijwayelekile, ama-gauge, izibuko ezikhulisayo namanye amathuluzi. Uma kunesici ebusweni be-weld, kungenzeka ukuthi kube nesici ngaphakathi kwe-weld.