I-DIN, i-ISO kanye namazinga we-AFNOR - Ayini?

Imikhiqizo eminingi ye-Hunan Great ihambisana nezinga eliyingqayizivele lokukhiqiza, kodwa kusho ukuthini konke?

Nakuba singase singakuqapheli, sihlangabezana nezindinganiso nsuku zonke. Izinga idokhumenti ehlukanisa izidingo zento ethile, ingxenye, isistimu noma isevisi ukuze ihambisane nezidingo zenhlangano noma izwe elithile. Amazinga aklanyelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana kanye nekhwalithi kuhlu olubanzi lwezimpahla namasevisi, futhi awusizo ikakhulukazi emikhiqizweni efana nezikulufu ezinembayo, ezingacishe zingabi nalusizo ngaphandle kwesistimu emisiwe yokuhambisana okuphambene. I-DIN, i-ISO, kanye nenani lamanye amazinga kazwelonke namazwe ngamazwe asetshenziswa izinkampani, amazwe, nezinhlangano emhlabeni wonke, futhi akukhawulelwe embonini yobunjiniyela enembayo. Izindinganiso ze-DIN kanye ne-ISO zisetshenziselwa ukucacisa ukucaciswa kwayo yonke into, kusukela ekwakhekeni kwamakhemikhali ensimbi engagqwali, kuya kusayizi wephepha le-A4,inkomishi yetiye ephelele.

Ayini Amazinga e-BSI?

Amazinga e-BSI akhiqizwa yiBritish Standards Institution ukukhombisa ukubambelela enanini elikhulu lekhwalithi egxile e-UK, amazinga okuphepha kanye nemvelo. I-BSI Kitemark ingenye yezimpawu eziqashelwa kakhulu e-UK naphesheya kwezilwandle, futhi ivame ukutholakala kumafasitela, amasokhethi amapulaki, nezinto zokucima umlilo ukusho izibonelo ezimbalwa.

Ayini Amazinga e-DIN?

Amazinga e-DIN asuka enhlanganweni yaseJalimane i-Deutsches Institut für Normung. Le nhlangano idlule inhloso yayo yasekuqaleni njengenhlangano kazwelonke yokumisa yaseJalimane ngenxa, ngokwengxenye, ukusatshalaliswa kwezimpahla zaseJalimane emhlabeni wonke. Ngenxa yalokho, izindinganiso ze-DIN zingatholakala cishe kuyo yonke imboni emhlabeni wonke. Esinye sezibonelo zakuqala nezidume kakhulu zokumiswa kwe-DIN kungaba osayizi bamaphepha ochungechunge lwe-A, abachazwa yi-DIN 476. Osayizi bamaphepha ochungechunge lwe-A bandile emhlabeni wonke, futhi manje sebengene ezingeni lamazwe ngamazwe elicishe lifane, ISO 216.

Ayini Amazinga e-AFNOR?

Amazinga e-AFNOR adalwe yi-French Association Française de Normalisation. Izindinganiso ze-AFNOR azivamile kakhulu kunozakwabo besiNgisi nesiJalimane, kodwa zisasetshenziselwa ukulinganisa imikhiqizo ethile ye-niche ngemisebenzi eyingqayizivele. Isibonelo esisodwa salokhu kungaba amawasha e-Accu's AFNOR Serrated Conical, angenayo i-DIN noma elingana ne-ISO.

Ayini Amazinga e-ISO?

I-ISO (International Organization for Standardisation) yasungulwa kungekudala ngemva kweMpi Yezwe II njengempendulo ekusungulweni kwakamuva kweNhlangano Yezizwe Ezihlangene, kanye nesidingo sayo sohlaka olwamukelwa emhlabeni wonke lokumisa. I-ISO ihlanganisa izinhlangano ezimbalwa, ezihlanganisa i-BSI, i-DIN, ne-AFNOR njengengxenye yekomidi layo lokumisa. Iningi lamazwe omhlaba anomgwamanda kazwelonke wokulinganisa ozowamela ngaphakathi kwe-ISO General Assembly yaminyaka yonke. Amazinga e-ISO asetshenziswa kancane kancane ukuze kukhishwe amazinga e-BSI, i-DIN kanye ne-AFNOR angasasetshenziswa kwezinye izindlela ezamukelwa emhlabeni wonke. Ukusetshenziswa kwamazinga omhlaba afana ne-ISO kuhloswe ngawo ukwenza lula ukuhwebelana kwezimpahla phakathi kwamazwe nokukhuthaza ukuhwebelana komhlaba wonke.

Ayini amazinga e-EN?

Amazinga e-EN adalwe yi-European Committee for Standardization (CEN), futhi ayisethi yaseYurophu yezimiso ezisetshenziswa uMkhandlu WaseYurophu ukwenza lula ukuhwebelana phakathi kwamazwe e-EU. Lapho kungenzeka khona, amazinga e-EN asebenzisa ngokuqondile amazinga e-ISO akhona ngaphandle kwanoma yiziphi izinguquko, okusho ukuthi kokubili kuvame ukushintshashintsha. Amazinga e-EN ahlukile kumazinga e-ISO ngoba asetshenziswa yi-European Union, futhi uma esethuliwe, kufanele amukelwe ngokushesha nangokufanayo kuyo yonke i-EU, esikhundleni sanoma yiziphi izindinganiso kazwelonke ezingqubuzanayo.