Uyini umehluko omkhulu phakathi kokuphuka kokukhathala kokubola kanye nokuphuka kwepayipi lokubhoboza ingcindezi?

I. Ukuqaliswa kokuqhekeka nokunwetshwa: Imifantu yokugqwala kwengcindezi kanye nemifantu yokukhathala kokugqwala konke kuthunyelwa phezu kwempahla. Ngaphansi kwemithombo yezindaba edlayo enamandla nezimo ezinkulu zengcindezi, ukugqwala kokugqwala kwengcindezi kungase kwenzeke ngisho nasezindaweni ezibushelelezi (futhi vele ekugxilweni kwengcindezi), futhi imifantu yokukhathala ekhuhlayo isuka ekugxilweni kwengcindezi ngaphandle kokukhetha.

2. Ubudlelwano phakathi kwezinga lokunwetshwa elingaphansi kokuqhekeka kanye nesici sokweluleka ngengcindezi kanye nemvamisa: Izinga lokugqwala kokukhathala kokukhula kwe-crack lithintwa imvamisa. Nokho, ezimweni eziningi, isici sokuqina kokucindezeleka siyalawulwa. Ukuqhekeka kokugqwala kwengcindezi kuhlukile, ikakhulukazi kulawulwa isikhathi.

3. I-Fracture morphology: Indawo yokwandisa isivinini esiyinqaba yokuqhekeka kokugqwala kwengcindezi ngokuvamile ilukhuni kunokwephuka kokukhathala, futhi ayikho iphethini yokubhoboza ewukukhathala okugugulekayo. _

Ipayipi lokubhoboza liyingxenye ebalulekile yentambo yokubhoboza. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukudlulisa i-torque kanye nokuthutha uketshezi lokumba, futhi umthombo ujulwa ngokwandiswa kancane kancane kwepayipi lokubhoboza. Ngakho-ke, ipayipi lokubhoboza lidlala indima ebalulekile ekubholeni amafutha.