Izinkinga ezivamile zangaphandle ze amashubhu angenamthungo (smls):

1. Isici sokugoqa
Ukusatshalaliswa okungajwayelekile: Uma isikhunta sihlala endaweni endaweni ye-cast slab eqhubekayo, amaphutha okugoqa ajulile azovela ngaphandle kweshubhu eligoqiwe, futhi azosatshalaliswa ngobude, futhi "amabhulokhi" azovela kwezinye izingxenye zomhlaba. . Ukujula okugoqayo kweshubhu eligoqiwe cishe ku-0.5 ~ 1mm, futhi isiqondiso sokugoqa sokusabalalisa singama-40° ~ 60°.

2. Isici esikhulu sokugoqa
Ukusatshalaliswa kwe-longitudinal: Amaphutha e-crack kanye namaphutha amakhulu okugoqa avela ebusweni be-casting slab eqhubekayo, futhi asakazwa ngobude. Iningi lokushona okugoqekayo ebusweni bamashubhu ensimbi angenamthungo cishe ku-1 kuya ku-10 mm.

3. Amaphutha emifantu emincane
Lapho kuhlolwa amashubhu ensimbi angenamthungo, kuneziphambeko ezingaphezulu odongeni olungaphandle lomzimba wepayipi ongeke wabonwa ngamehlo anqunu. Kunamaphutha amaningi amancane okugoqa ebusweni bepayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo, ukujula okujulile cishe ku-0.15mm, ingaphezulu lepayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo limbozwe ungqimba lwe-iron oxide, futhi kukhona ungqimba lwe-decarburization ngaphansi kwe-iron oxide, ukujula cishe ku-0.2mm.

4. Amaphutha emigqa
Kunokukhubazeka komugqa endaweni engaphandle yeshubhu lensimbi engenamthungo, futhi izici ezithile ziwukujula okungashoni, ukuvuleka okubanzi, iphansi elibonakalayo, nobubanzi obungashintshi. Udonga lwangaphandle lwengxenye ephambanayo yepayipi lensimbi engenamthungo lungabonakala ngokuklwebheka okunokujula okungu-<1mm, okusesimweni se-groove. Ngemuva kokwelashwa okushisa, kukhona i-oxidation kanye ne-decarburization emaphethelweni e-groove yepayipi.

5. Izibazi zokukhubazeka
Kunamaphutha omgodi ongashoni endaweni engaphandle yeshubhu lensimbi engenamthungo, enosayizi abahlukene nezindawo. Akukho oxidation, decarburization, kanye aggregation kanye inclusions ezizungeze umgodi; izicubu ezizungeze umgodi zicindezelwa ngaphansi kokushisa okuphezulu, futhi izici ze-rheological zepulasitiki zizovela.

6. Ukucisha umfantu
Ukwelashwa kokushisa okucishayo nokushisa kwenziwa ku-tube yensimbi engenamthungo, futhi imifantu emihle ye-longitudinal ibonakala endaweni yangaphandle, esakazwa ngemichilo enobubanzi obuthile.

Izinkinga ezivamile zangaphakathi zangaphakathi zamashubhu angenamthungo:

1. Ukukhubazeka kwesikhumba esiyiconvex
Izici ze-macroscopic: Udonga lwangaphakathi lweshubhu yensimbi engenamthungo lusabalalise ngokungahleliwe amaphutha amancane ama-longitudinal convex, futhi ukuphakama kwalezi zinkinga ezincane ze-convex cishe ku-0.2mm kuya ku-1mm.
Izici ezincane kakhulu: Kukhona okuhlanganisiwe okufana neketango elimnyama-mpunga emsileni, maphakathi nendawo ezungezile ye-convex hull ezinhlangothini zombili zodonga lwangaphakathi lwengxenye ephambanayo yepayipi lensimbi engenamthungo. Lolu hlobo lweketango elimnyama-grey luqukethe i-calcium aluminate kanye nenani elincane lama-oxide ahlanganisiwe (i-iron oxide, i-silicon oxide, i-magnesium oxide).

2. Isici esiqondile
Izici zeMacroscopic: Amaphutha ohlobo oluqondile avela kumashubhu ensimbi angenamthungo, anobubanzi obuthile nobubanzi, obufana nokuklwebheka.

Izici ezincane kakhulu: Imihuzuko odongeni lwangaphakathi lwengxenye ephambanayo yeshubhu lensimbi engenamthungo isesimweni se-groove ejulile ngo-1 kuya ku-2 cm. I-oxidative decarburization ayiveli emaphethelweni e-groove. Izicubu ezizungezile ze-groove zinezici ze-rheology yensimbi kanye ne-deformation extrusion. Kuzoba nama-microcracks ngenxa ye-size extrusion ngesikhathi senqubo yokulinganisa.