I-Common Piping and Plumbing Fittings-Elbow

An indololwaneifakwe phakathi kobude obubili bepayipi (noma ishubhu) ukuvumela ushintsho lwendlela, ngokuvamile i-90° noma 45° i-engeli;22.5° izindololwane nazo ziyatholakala.Iziphetho zingase zenziwe ngomshini wokushisela izinqe, zifakwe intambo (imvamisa ibe ngowesifazane) noma zifakwe isokhethi.Uma iziphetho zihluka ngosayizi, kwaziwa ngokuthi indololwane enciphisa (noma enciphisa).

Izindololwane zihlukaniswa ngokuklama.Irediyasi yendololwane ye-long-radius (LR) iphinda izikhathi ezingu-1.5 ubukhulu bepayipi.Endololwaneni yerediyasi emfushane (SR), irediyasi ilingana nobubanzi bepayipi.Izindololwane ezingamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye, 60- kanye ne-45-degree nazo ziyatholakala.

Indololwane ye-90-degree, eyaziwa nangokuthi "i-90 bend", "90 ell" noma "ikota yokugoba", inamathela kalula kupulasitiki, ithusi, insimbi ecijile, insimbi nomthofu futhi inamathisele kurabha ngezinsimbi zensimbi engagqwali.Izinto ezitholakalayo zifaka i-silicone, izinhlanganisela zenjoloba, insimbi enayiloni nenayiloni.Ngokuyinhloko isetshenziselwa ukuxhuma ama-hoses kuma-valve, amaphampu amanzi kanye nemisele yamanzi.Indololwane engama-degree angu-45, eyaziwa nangokuthi “i-45 bend” noma “45 ell”, ijwayele ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezihlinzeka ngamanzi, ukudla, amapayipi amakhemikhali kanye nezimboni zikagesi, amapayipi okupholisa umoya, ezolimo kanye nokukhiqizwa kwengadi kanye ne-solar- amapayipi esikhungo samandla.

Izindololwane eziningi zitholakala ngezinguqulo zerediyasi emfushane noma ende.Izindololwane zerediyasi emfishane zinebanga elisuka maphakathi kuya ekupheleni elilingana Nosayizi Wepayipi Lokungaziwa (NPS) ngamayintshi, futhi izindololwane ezinobubanzi obude ziyizikhathi ezingu-1.5 kune-NPS ngamayintshi.Izindololwane ezimfushane, ezitholakala kabanzi, zivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezinengcindezi.

Izindololwane ezinde zisetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezidla amandla adonsela phansi ezinomfutho ophansi kanye nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza lapho isiyaluyalu esiphansi kanye nokubeka okuncane kwezinto eziqinile ezifakiwe kukhathazeka.Atholakala nge-acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS plastic), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC) kanye nethusi lezinhlelo ze-DWV, indle kanye ne-vacuum emaphakathi.

Ukufakwa Okujwayelekile Kwepayipi Nokufakwa Kwamapayipi-Ithi

I-tee, ukufakwa kwamapayipi okuvame kakhulu, kusetshenziselwa ukuhlanganisa (noma ukuhlukanisa) ukugeleza koketshezi.Itholakala namasokhethi entambo yesifazane, amasokhethi e-solvent-weld noma amasokhethi aphikisayo e-solvent-weld kanye ne-outlet eseceleni enemicu yabesifazane.Amazinyo angakwazi ukuxhuma amapayipi amadayimitha ahlukene noma ashintshe indlela yokugijima kwepayipi.Itholakala ngezinto ezihlukahlukene, ubukhulu kanye nokuqedwa, isetshenziselwa ukuthutha izingxube ezimbili zamanzi.Ama tee angase alingane noma angalingani ngosayizi, anamateyi alinganayo avame kakhulu.

I-Common Piping and Plumbing Fittings-Union

Inyunyana, efana nokuhlanganisa, ivumela ukunqanyulwa okukahle kwamapayipi ukuze alungiswe noma ashintshwe.Nakuba ukuhlanganisa kudinga ukushiselwa kwe-solvent, i-soldering noma ukujikeleza (ama-couplings anezintambo), inyunyana ivumela ukuxhumana okulula nokunqanyulwa.Iqukethe izingxenye ezintathu: inadi, isiphetho sesifazane kanye nesiphetho sowesilisa.Lapho isiphetho sensikazi nesilisa sihlangene, inadi livala ilunga.Izinyunyana ziwuhlobo lwesixhumi se-flange.

Izinyunyana ze-Dielectric, ezine-dielectric insulation, zihlukanisa izinsimbi ezingafani (njengethusi nensimbi eyisithako) ukuvimbela ukugqwala kwe-galvanic.Uma izinsimbi ezimbili ezingafani zithintana nesisombululo esisebenza ngogesi (amanzi kampompi ayahamba), akha ibhethri elikhiqiza i-voltage nge-electrolysis.Lapho izinsimbi zithintana ngokuqondile, amandla kagesi asuka kwelinye aye kwelinye ahambisa ama-ion asuka kwelinye aye kwelinye;lokhu kuncibilikisa insimbi eyodwa, iyibeke kwenye.Inyunyana ye-dielectric iphula umzila kagesi ngomugqa wepulasitiki phakathi kwamahhafu ayo, ikhawulela ukugqwala kwe-galvanic.Izinyunyana ezijikelezayo zivumela ukujikeleza kwesinye sezingxenye ezihlanganisiwe.