Ngemuva kweminyaka ecishe ibe ngu-20 yemizamo, eyaseChinaisikhwama samafuthaukukhiqizwa kusukela ekuqaleni, kusukela enanini eliphansi kuye enanini eliphezulu, kusukela ebangeni eliphansi lensimbi kuya emikhiqizweni yochungechunge lwe-API, bese kuba imikhiqizo engeyona ye-API enezidingo ezikhethekile, kusukela enanini kuye kwikhwalithi, iseduze nezinga lamafutha angaphandle kanye nemikhiqizo ye-casing.Ingxenye yemakethe yasekhaya yamashubhu omthombo kawoyela waseShayina idlule ama-80%, futhi isiphenduke umkhiqizo othunyelwa kwamanye amazwe iminyaka eminingi.

Ngokusho kokusatshalaliswa kwesifunda e-China, isidingo sikawoyela ne-casing asisagxilile esifundeni esisempumalanga.Ngokombono wentuthuko yezindawo zikawoyela negesi yasekhaya, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-Daqing, i-Liaohe, i-Shengli nezinye izizinda zikawoyela zaseMpumalanga kuphendukele ekuthuthukisweni kwezizinda zikawoyela zaseNtshonalanga njengeSichuan ne-Xinjiang, kubhekwe ukuthambekela kwamasimu kawoyela aphesheya kwezilwandle.Ngaphezu kwalokho, izothuthuka isuka ezweni iye ogwini futhi isuke olwandle olungajulile iye olwandle olujulile.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukujula kokumba kuya ngokuya kujula, futhi umsebenzi wokumba uya ngokuya uba yinkimbinkimbi, futhi izidingo zamafutha kanye ne-casing kufanele zibe phezulu nangaphezulu.

Izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-casing ezisetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni uwoyela: isikhwama sikawoyela ongaphezulu - ukuvikela umthombo ekungcolisweni ngamanzi angajulile kanye nezingqimba zegesi - ukusekela imishini ye-wellhead kanye nokugcina isisindo sezinye izingqimba ze-casing.Ibhokisi likawoyela lobuchwepheshe - hlukanisa ingcindezi yezendlalelo ezihlukene, ukuze uqinisekise ukujikeleza okuvamile kwe-quota yoketshezi lokumba futhi uvikele i-casing yokukhiqiza.-Ukuze ufake i-anti-burst device, idivayisi yobufakazi bokuvuza kanye nomugqa emthonjeni.I-oil casing - uwoyela negesi kuhanjiswa kusuka endaweni yokugcina amanzi ngaphansi komhlaba.-Isetshenziselwa ukuvikela umthombo nokuhlukanisa udaka lokumba.Ekukhiqizeni isikhwama samafutha, ububanzi bangaphandle ngokuvamile buba ngu-114.3 mm kuya ku-508 mm.

Inhloko yomthombo ivikelwe isisindo se-casing emanzini angashoni.

Ibhokisi likawoyela lobuchwepheshe - hlukanisa ingcindezi yezendlalelo ezihlukene, ukuze uqinisekise ukujikeleza okuvamile kwe-quota yoketshezi lokumba futhi uvikele i-casing yokukhiqiza.-Ukuze ufake i-anti-burst device, idivayisi yobufakazi bokuvuza kanye nomugqa emthonjeni.

I-oil casing - uwoyela negesi kuhanjiswa kusuka endaweni yokugcina amanzi ngaphansi komhlaba.-Isetshenziselwa ukuvikela umthombo nokuhlukanisa udaka lokumba.Ekukhiqizeni isikhwama samafutha, ububanzi bangaphandle ngokuvamile buba ngu-114.3 mm kuya ku-508 mm.

Ngokusho kwe-SY / t6194-96 "i-petroleum casing", isikhwama sikawoyela singahlukaniswa sibe isikhwama sentambo esifushane kanye nokuhlanganisa kwayo kanye nentambo ende kanye nokuhlanganisa.