Ipayipi lensimbi engagqwali iyinsimbi ende eyindilinga eyindilinga, esetshenziswa kabanzi ku-petroleum, amakhemikhali, ezokwelapha, ekudleni, embonini ekhanyayo, emishini nasezinsimbini, namanye amapayipi ezimboni kanye nezingxenye zesakhiwo semishini. Ngaphandle kwalokho, lapho ukugoba kanye namandla e-torsion kufana, isisindo silula, ngakho-ke sisetshenziswa kabanzi ekwenzeni izingxenye zemishini kanye nezakhiwo zobunjiniyela. Ibuye isetshenziselwe ukukhiqiza izikhali ezahlukahlukene ezijwayelekile, imiphongolo namagobolondo.

1. Ukugxila
Inqubo yokukhiqiza amapayipi angenamthungo ukubhoboza imbobo ku-billet yensimbi engagqwali ezingeni lokushisa elingu-2200 ° F. Kulokhu kushisa okuphezulu, insimbi yethuluzi iyathambile futhi yakheke ngokuvunguza isuka embobeni ngemva kokubhoboza nokudweba. Ngale ndlela, ubukhulu bodonga lwepayipi alulingani futhi i-eccentricity iphezulu. Ngakho-ke, i-ASTM ivumela umehluko wokuqina kodonga lwamapayipi angenamthungo ukuthi ube mkhulu kunalowo wamapayipi athungwe. Ipayipi elifakiwe lenziwe ngeshidi eliqondile eligoqekile elibandayo (elinobubanzi obungamamitha angu-4-5 ikhoyili ngayinye). Lawa mashidi agoqeke abandayo avamise ukuba nomehluko omkhulu wogqinsi lwamayintshi angu-0.002. Ipuleti lensimbi lisikwa libe ububanzi πd, lapho d kuwububanzi obungaphandle bepayipi. Ukubekezelela ukushuba kodonga lwepayipi elisikiwe kuncane kakhulu, futhi ubukhulu bodonga bufana kakhulu kulo lonke umjikelezo.

2. Ukushisela
Ngokuvamile, kunomehluko othile ekwakhekeni kwamakhemikhali phakathi kwamapayipi athungekile namapayipi angenamthungo. Ukwakhiwa kwensimbi yokukhiqiza amapayipi angenamthungo kuphela imfuneko eyisisekelo ye-ASTM. Insimbi esetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza amapayipi athungelwe iqukethe izingxenye zamakhemikhali ezifanele ukushisela. Isibonelo, ukuxuba izakhi ezifana ne-silicon, isulfure, i-manganese, umoya-mpilo, kanye ne-ferrite engunxantathu engxenyeni ethile kungakhiqiza ukuncibilika kwe-weld okulula ukudlulisa ukushisa ngesikhathi senqubo yokushisela, ukuze kungene yonke i-weld. Amapayipi ensimbi angenalo ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali angenhla, njengamapayipi angenamthungo, azokhiqiza izici ezihlukahlukene ezingazinzile phakathi nenqubo yokushisela futhi akulula ukushisela ngokuqinile nangokungaphelele.

3. Osayizi bokusanhlamvu
Usayizi wokusanhlamvu wensimbi uhlobene nezinga lokushisa lokushisa kanye nesikhathi sokugcina izinga lokushisa elifanayo. Usayizi wokusanhlamvu weshubhu lensimbi engenasici neshubhu lensimbi engenamthungo uyafana. Uma ipayipi le-seam lithatha ukwelashwa okubandayo okuncane, ubukhulu bokusanhlamvu be-weld buncane kunobukhulu bokusanhlamvu bensimbi ehlanganisiwe, ngaphandle kwalokho, usayizi wokusanhlamvu uyafana.