Kusukela yasungulwa eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule, insimbi engagqwali isiphenduke into esetshenziswa kakhulu futhi ethandwa kakhulu emhlabeni. Okuqukethwe kwe-Chromium kunikeza ukumelana nokugqwala. Ukumelana kungaboniswa ekunciphiseni ama-asidi kanye nokuhlaselwa kwe-pitting kuzixazululo ze-chloride. Inesidingo esincane sokunakekela kanye nokukhanya okujwayelekile, okuyenza ibe yinto enhle kakhulu futhi enhle kakhulu yamapayipi ensimbi engagqwali. Ipayipi yensimbi engagqwali inikezwa ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zomkhiqizo, kufaka phakathi amapayipi ashiselwe namapayipi angenamthungo. Ukwakheka kungashintsha, kuvumele ukuthi kusetshenziswe emikhakheni ehlukahlukene. Ipayipi lensimbi engagqwali lisetshenziswa njalo ngamafemu amaningi ezimboni. Kulokhu okuthunyelwe kwebhulogi, izinhlobo ezahlukene zamapayipi ensimbi engagqwali ngokwezindlela zokukhiqiza kanye namazinga ahlukene azoshiwo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu okuthunyelwe kwebhulogi kuqukethe nezindawo ezihlukene zohlelo lokusebenza lwamapayipi ensimbi engagqwali ezimbonini ezahlukene.

Izinhlobo ezahlukene zeAmapayipi Ensimbi EngagqwaliNgokusekelwe Endleleni Yokukhiqiza

Isu lokukhiqiza amapayipi ashiselwe kusuka kukhoyili eqhubekayo noma ipuleti lihlanganisa ukugoqa ipuleti noma ikhoyili engxenyeni eyindilinga ngosizo lwe-roller noma impahla yokugoba. Izinto zokugcwalisa zingasetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni okukhulu. Amapayipi ashiselwe abiza kancane kunamapayipi angenamthungo, anendlela yokukhiqiza ebiza kakhulu. Nakuba lezi zindlela zokukhiqiza, okuyizindlela zokushisela ziyizingxenye ezibalulekile zamapayipi ensimbi engagqwali, imininingwane yalezi zindlela zokushisela ngeke ikhulunywe. Kungaba isihloko sokunye okuthunyelwe kwebhulogi yethu. Sengikushilo lokho, izindlela zokushisela zamapayipi ensimbi engagqwali zivame ukuvela njengezifinyezo. Kubalulekile ukuzazi lezi zifinyezo. Kunezindlela eziningana zobuchwepheshe ezishiselwe, njenge:

• EFW- I-Welding kagesi ye-fusion
• ERW– Electric resistance welding
• HFW– High frequency welding
• SAW- I-arc welding efakwe emanzini (i-spiral seam noma umthungo omude)

Kukhona futhi izinhlobo ezingenamthungo zamapayipi ensimbi engagqwali ezimakethe. Ngokuningiliziwe, ngokulandela ukukhiqizwa kwe-welding yokumelana nogesi, insimbi igoqeka kulo lonke ubude bayo. Ipayipi elingenamthungo lanoma ibuphi ubude lingase lenziwe nge-extrusion yensimbi. Amapayipi akwa-ERW anamajoyinti ashiselwe eceleni kwawo, kanti amapayipi angenamthungo anamajoyinti ahamba ngobude bepayipi. Akukho ukushisela kumapayipi angenamthungo njengoba yonke inqubo yokukhiqiza yenziwa nge-billet eyindilinga eqinile. Ngobubanzi obuhlukahlukene, amapayipi angenamthungo aqediwe ekugqineni kodonga kanye nokucaciswa kwe-dimensional. Njengoba ungekho umthungo emzimbeni wepayipi, lawa mapayipi asetshenziswa ezindaweni ezinengcindezi ephezulu njengokuthuthwa kukawoyela negesi, izimboni kanye nezindawo zokuhluza.

Izinhlobo Zepayipi Lensimbi Engagqwali - Ngokusekelwe ku-Alloy Grades

Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali ensimbi sekukonke kunethonya elikhulu emikhiqizweni yokugcina izakhiwo zemishini nasezindaweni zokusebenza. Ngakho-ke, akumangazi ukuthi zingahlukaniswa ngokwezigaba zazo zamakhemikhali. Kodwa-ke, ngenkathi uzama ukuthola izinga lepayipi elithile lensimbi engagqwali, izinhlobo ezahlukene zegama zingatholakala. Izindinganiso ezisetshenziswa kakhulu lapho kuqokwa amapayipi ensimbi yi-DIN (isiJalimane), i-EN, ne-ASTM amamaki. Umuntu angabheka ithebula lereferensi ukuze athole amamaki alinganayo. Ithebula elingezansi linikeza ukubuka konke okuwusizo kwalawa mazinga ahlukene.

Ithebula 1. Ingxenye yetafula lereferensi lezinto zamapayipi ensimbi engagqwali

Izinhlobo ezahlukene Ngokusekelwe ku-ASTM Specifications

Kuyisisho sakudala esithi imboni nezindinganiso kuhlobene kakhulu. Imiphumela yokukhiqiza nokuhlola ingase yehluke ngenxa yomehluko kumazinga enhlangano ahlukahlukene ezinhlobonhlobo zobubanzi bezicelo. Umthengi kufanele aqale abambe izisekelo zokucaciswa kwezimboni ezahlukahlukene zamaphrojekthi abo, ngaphambi kokwenza imisebenzi yokuthenga. Kuphinde kube isisho esinembile samapayipi ensimbi engagqwali.

I-ASTM isifinyezo se-American Society for Testing and Materials. I-ASTM International ihlinzeka ngamazinga esevisi kanye nempahla yezimboni ezinhlobonhlobo zezimboni. Le nhlangano njengamanje isisebenzise amazinga ayi-12000+ asetshenziswa emabhizinisini emhlabeni jikelele. Amapayipi ensimbi engagqwali nokufakwa kungaphansi kwamazinga angaphezu kuka-100. Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlangano ezijwayelekile, i-ASTM ihlanganisa cishe zonke izinhlobo zamapayipi. Isibonelo, njengezinto zamapayipi aseMelika, i-spectrum yonke yepayipi inikezwa. Amapayipi ekhabhoni angenamthungo anezincazelo ezifanele asetshenziselwa izinkonzo ezisezingeni eliphezulu. Amazinga e-ASTM achazwa ngokunqunywa kokwakheka kwamakhemikhali kanye nezinqubo ezithile zokukhiqiza ezihlobene nokokusebenza. Amanye amazinga we-ASTM anikezwe ngezansi njengezibonelo.

• A106- Ngezinsizakalo zokushisa okuphezulu
• A335-Ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo (Ngokushisa okuphezulu)
• A333- Amapayipi ensimbi ashiselwe futhi angenamthungo (Ngokushisa okuphansi)
• A312- Ukuze uthole isevisi evamile yokubola kanye nesevisi yokushisa okuphezulu, okushiselwe okubandayo okushiselwe, ukushiselwa komthungo oqondile, namapayipi angenamthungo asetshenziswa

Uhlobo Oluhlukile lwamapayipi Ensimbi Engagqwali Asekelwe Ezindaweni Zokusebenza

Amapayipi eSanitary:Amapayipi okuhlanzeka enziwe ngensimbi engagqwali futhi asetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokukhucululwa kwendle njengezicelo ezibucayi. Lolu hlobo lwamapayipi lubekwe eqhulwini embonini ukuze kugeleze kahle uketshezi. Ipayipi inokumelana nokugqwala okungcono kakhulu futhi ayigqwali ngenxa yokulula kwayo ukugcinwa. Imikhawulo ehlukahlukene yokubekezelelana inqunywa ngokusekelwe kuhlelo lokusebenza. Amapayipi wenhlanzeko anamabanga we-ASTMA270 avame ukusetshenziswa.

Amapayipi omshini:Izingxenye ezingcwele, izingxenye ezithwalayo, nezingxenye zesilinda zivame ukusetshenziswa ekufakweni kwamapayipi emishini. I-mechanics ingase iqondiswe kalula kuhlu olubanzi lomumo wesigaba njengonxande, isikwele, kanye nezinye izimo ezihlanganisa izimo ezivamile noma zendabuko. I-A554 ne-ASTMA 511 yizinhlobo zebanga ezivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokusebenza zemishini. Ziyakwazi ukusebenza kahle kakhulu futhi zisetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezifana nemishini yezimoto noma yezolimo.

Amapayipi aphucuziwe:Amapayipi ensimbi engagqwali aphucuziwe asetshenziswa endaweni yasekhaya ngokuya ngemininingwane. Amapayipi aphucuziwe asiza ekwehliseni ukuguga nokuguga ezingxenyeni ezisebenzayo. Kuyasiza futhi ekwehliseni ukunamathela kanye nokungcoliswa kwezindawo ezahlukahlukene zemishini. I-electropolished surface inezinhlobonhlobo zokusetshenziswa. Amapayipi ensimbi engagqwali aphucuziwe awadingi ukumbozwa okwengeziwe. Amapayipi aphucuziwe anendima ebalulekile nebalulekile ekusetshenzisweni kobuhle nezakhiwo.