Achigongono chosasokonekerandi mtundu wa chitoliro chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito potembenuza chitoliro. Pakati pa zida zonse zamapaipi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamapaipi, gawoli ndi lalikulu kwambiri, pafupifupi 80%. Nthawi zambiri, njira zosiyanasiyana zopangira zimasankhidwa pazigono za makulidwe osiyanasiyana. Panopa. Njira zopangira zigongono zopanda msoko zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zopangira zimaphatikizira kukankha kotentha, kupondaponda, kutulutsa, etc.

Zopangira za chitoliro cha chigongono chopanda msoko ndi chitoliro chozungulira chopanda kanthu, ndipo mluza wa chitoliro wozungulira umadulidwa opanda kanthu wokhala ndi utali wa mita imodzi ndi makina odulira, ndikutumizidwa kung'anjo kuti itenthetse kudzera pa lamba wotumizira. Billet amadyetsedwa mu ng'anjo ndikutenthedwa mpaka kutentha pafupifupi madigiri 1200 Celsius. Mafutawa ndi hydrogen kapena acetylene. Kuwongolera kutentha kwa ng'anjo ndi nkhani yaikulu. Billet yozungulira ikatulutsidwa, imayikidwa pamakina akubowola. Makina ochulukirachulukira kwambiri ndi makina okhomerera a conical roller. Makina a perforating awa ali ndi magwiridwe antchito apamwamba kwambiri, mtundu wabwino wazinthu, kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa perforation ndipo amatha kuvala zopangira zitoliro zosiyanasiyana. Pambuyo pobowola, billet yozungulira imakulungidwa motsatizana, kukulungidwa kapena kutulutsidwa ndi mipukutu itatu. Pambuyo extrusion, chubu ayenera kukula. Makina ojambulira amazunguliridwa pa liwiro lalikulu ndikubowola pang'ono kukhala pachimake chachitsulo kuti apange chitoliro.

Kupanga zigongono zopanda msokonjira
1. Njira yopangira: Mapeto kapena gawo la chitoliro limakhomeredwa ndi makina ogwedeza kuti achepetse m'mimba mwake. Makina ojambulira wamba ali ndi mtundu wozungulira, mtundu wa ulalo ndi mtundu wodzigudubuza.
2. Njira yopukutira: Nthawi zambiri, mandrel sagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo ndi oyenera m'mphepete mwa chubu chokhuthala. Pachimake amaikidwa mu chubu, ndi circumference akunja amapanikizidwa ndi wodzigudubuza kwa kuzungulira m'mphepete processing.
3. Njira yosindikizira: Mapeto a chitoliro amakulitsidwa mpaka kukula ndi mawonekedwe ofunikira ndi pachimake cha tapered pa makina osindikizira.
4. Njira yopindika: Pali njira zitatu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, njira imodzi imatchedwa njira yotambasula, ina imatchedwa njira yopondereza, yachitatu ndi yodzigudubuza, pali 3-4 odzigudubuza, awiri odzigudubuza, amodzi osintha. wodzigudubuza, kusintha Ndi mpukutu wokhazikika, chitoliro chomalizidwa chimapindika.
5. Njira yopangira mpweya: imodzi ndiyo kuyika mphira mu chubu, ndipo kumtunda kumakanikizidwa ndi nkhonya kuti chubu likhale lozungulira; njira ina ndiyo kupanga chofufumitsa cha hydraulic, kudzaza pakati pa chubu ndi madzi, ndipo mphamvu yamadzimadzi imayendetsa chubu kukhala chofunikira Maonekedwe ambiri ndi kupanga mavuvu amagwiritsidwa ntchito motere.