Njira yowunikira bwino ya chitoliro chozungulira (saw) ndi motere:

1. Kuweruza kuchokera pamwamba, ndiko kuti, kuyang'ana m'maso. Kuyang'anira zolumikizira zowotcherera ndi njira yosavuta yokhala ndi njira zingapo zowunikira ndipo ndi gawo lofunikira pakuwunika kwazinthu zomwe zamalizidwa, makamaka kupeza zolakwika za kuwotcherera komanso zopatuka. Nthawi zambiri, zimawonedwa ndi maso amaliseche ndikuyesedwa ndi zida monga zitsanzo zokhazikika, ma geji ndi magalasi okulitsa. Ngati pali cholakwika pamwamba pa weld, pakhoza kukhala cholakwika mu weld.

2. Njira zowunikira thupi: Njira zowunikira thupi ndi njira zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito zochitika zina zakuthupi pakuwunika kapena kuyesa. Kuyang'ana zolakwika zamkati mwazinthu kapena magawo nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsa ntchito njira zoyesera zosawononga. Kuzindikira zolakwika za X-ray ndiyo njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakuyesa kosawononga mapaipi achitsulo ozungulira. Mawonekedwe a njira yodziwirayi ndi yolunjika komanso yachindunji, kujambula zenizeni zenizeni ndi makina a X-ray, mapulogalamu oti azitha kuweruza okha zolakwika, kupeza zolakwika, ndikuyesa kukula kwake.

3. Kuyesa kwamphamvu kwa chotengera chopondereza: Kuphatikiza pa kuyesa kusindikiza, chotengera chokakamiza chimayesedwanso kuyesedwa kwamphamvu. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala mitundu iwiri ya mayeso a hydraulic ndi mayeso a pneumatic. Amatha kuyesa kachulukidwe ka weld wa zombo ndi mapaipi omwe amagwira ntchito mopanikizika. Kuyesa kwa pneumatic kumakhala kosavuta komanso kofulumira kuposa kuyesa kwa hydraulic, ndipo choyesedwa sichiyenera kukhetsedwa, makamaka pazinthu zomwe zimakhala zovuta kukhetsa. Koma chiopsezo choyezetsa ndi chachikulu kuposa kuyesa kwa hydraulic. Pakuyesa, chitetezo chofananira ndi njira zaukadaulo ziyenera kuwonedwa kuti mupewe ngozi pakuyesedwa.

4. Mayeso a Compaction: Pazitsulo zowotcherera zomwe zimasungira madzi kapena gasi, palibe zowonongeka zowonongeka, monga ming'alu yolowera, pores, slag, impermeability ndi bungwe lotayirira, ndi zina zotero, zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kupeza mayeso a compaction. Njira zoyesera za Densification ndi: kuyesa palafini, kuyesa madzi, kuyesa madzi, ndi zina.

5. Hydrostatic pressure test test Chitoliro chilichonse chachitsulo chiyenera kuyesedwa ndi hydrostatic test popanda kutayikira. Kuthamanga kwa mayeso kumayenderana ndi kuthamanga kwa mayeso P = 2ST / D, komwe kukakamiza kwa hydrostatic test ya S ndi Mpa, ndipo kuthamanga kwa mayeso a hydrostatic kumatsimikiziridwa ndi mikhalidwe yofananira. 60% ya zotulutsa zomwe zafotokozedwa muyeso la mawonekedwe. Nthawi yosintha: D <508 kupanikizika kwa mayeso kumasungidwa kwa masekondi osachepera 5; d ≥ 508 kuyesa kuthamanga kumasungidwa kwa masekondi osachepera 10.

6. Kuyesa kosawonongeka kwazitsulo zamapaipi azitsulo, zowotcherera mutu wazitsulo ndi zolumikizira mphete ziyenera kuchitidwa ndi X-ray kapena kuyesa kwa ultrasonic. Pazitsulo zozungulira zachitsulo zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi madzi omwe amatha kuyaka, 100% X-ray kapena akupanga kuyezetsa kumachitika. Ma welds ozungulira a mipope yachitsulo yotumiza madzi ambiri monga madzi, zimbudzi, mpweya, kutentha kwa nthunzi, ndi zina zotere ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi X-ray kapena akupanga. Ubwino wa kuwunika kwa X-ray ndikuti kujambula ndi cholinga, zofunikira zaukadaulo sizili zapamwamba, ndipo deta imatha kusungidwa ndikutsatiridwa.