Chitoliro chachitsulo chochepa cha carbon ndi amodzi mwa mapaipi a boilers omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira magetsi opangira magetsi. Ambiri mwa machubu ntchito pansi kutentha ndi kupanikizika, choncho, pali zofunika zina pa katundu makina wa wofatsa mpweya zitsulo chitoliro, kuwotcherera ntchito ndi ntchito bungwe, kuwonjezera pa chofunika kukhala ndi kutentha kwa chipinda ndi mkulu kutentha makina katundu, machubu awa. amafunika kuzizira kwambiri, chifukwa chake, zofunikira za machubuwa ziyenera kukhala ndi ductility komanso kulimba. Pulogalamu yakuzizira kozizira ndiyofunikira pakuyika chitoliro chowotchera, koma pakuzizira kopindika, kuumitsa ntchito kudzakhalanso kwamafuta. Ozizira-aumbike General, pali njira ziwiri, mmodzi si ozizira anapanga pamaso preheating ozizira kudzitama preheating. Preheated nthawi zambiri miyuni kuphika, preheat kutentha empirically ndi woyendetsa kuti agwire, ndipo pambuyo mapindikidwe onse ozizira, ndipo palibe njira kutentha mankhwala. Choncho, ozizira processing kuthawa zambiri kubweretsa kusintha kwa katundu mawotchi ndi kusintha ntchito ya mabungwe, amene anapanga kuthekera kuwala chitoliro mu utumiki ndondomeko inshuwalansi kukhala chimodzi mwa zifukwa za kulephera. Chodziwika bwino, kupindana kozizira pambuyo kuumitsa kumapangitsa mphamvu ya chubu chachitsulo ndikuwonjezeka kwa kuuma, ductility ndi kulimba kumachepa, chifukwa chake chimasweka kristalo ndipo pafupi ndi lattice amphamvu torsional SUI mkuwa kutsetsereka ndege, kuwonjezera kutsetsereka kukana kotero kupitiriza kutsetsereka kovuta kuchita. Komanso, ndi kuwonjezeka kwa mlingo wa mapindikidwe, ntchito kuumitsa ndondomeko tsitsi golide chinawonjezeka.

Pakuti wofatsa mpweya zitsulo chitoliro, ozizira processing (kuphatikiza ozizira anapanga pamaso kutentha-mmwamba) adzakhala ndi zotsatira yaikulu pa zitsulo chitoliro gulu, mwachindunji kuchititsa kwambiri fracture kulephera. Choncho, bungwe ayenera ozizira anapanga mpweya zitsulo chitoliro processing countermeasures ang'onoang'ono.

Kukhala wololera kutentha mmwamba

Malinga ndi kuyankha kwazitsulo zosiyanasiyana ndi kutentha kwa recrystallization, kuti muzitha kutentha kwa preheat ndi njira zogwirira ntchito, osati kutentha mwachimbulimbuli, osapitirira Ac] gawo losinthira, kutentha kungalepheretse kugwa kwa ngodya kapena mapangidwe ang'onoang'ono. - ming'alu. Komabe, deta imasonyeza kuti chitsulo chochepa cha carbon mu 300. C pafupi pamene padzakhala "buluu buluu" m'malo mwa pulasitiki kulimba kumachepa. Chifukwa chake, kuti muzitha kusuntha bwino, kutentha kwa preheating pa 400 ~ 500. C kununkhiza ndikoyenera. Pa nthawi yomweyo, kulabadira nsapato, chopukutira, ozizira kwambiri kupinda mapindikidwe liwiro; mofulumira kwambiri. Limbikitsani liwiro la mawonekedwe a chilimwe, kutentha kwambiri kwa "Blue marrow".

Kutentha mankhwala pambuyo ukonde kupinda

Recrystallization annealing, ndi kuchotsa katundu makina chifukwa cha kuumitsa ntchito za kusintha malinga ndi specifications osiyana ndi zikhalidwe ntchito workpiece ayenera kuchitidwa pa workpiece pambuyo ntchito ozizira. 640 imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chitoliro chachitsulo cha 20 # annealing, ikhoza kukhala mpumulo wabwino komanso kuchira kwamakina. Koma ziyenera kudziwidwa kuti, muzozizira zotsatizana, m'pofunika kuchepetsa kuziziritsa - monga kuzizira sikungathe kupitirira 6 mpaka 8. C / mvula.

Mwachidule, chitoliro chochepa cha carbon zitsulo mumayendedwe ozizira opindika (kuphatikiza kutentha), kukhudzidwa kwakukulu pakuchita kwa bungwe kukhala chitoliro chachitsulo, chotsatira chachindunji cha kulephera kwakukulu kwa kusweka. Preheat ozizira anapanga mpweya zitsulo chitoliro ayenera mosamalitsa malinga ndi ndondomeko kuphedwa, pambuyo ozizira anapanga ayenera kupewa mzere annealing kutentha mankhwala.