Ndi wamba kuti mipope zitsulo mpweya welded ndi thovu mpweya mu kuwotcherera, makamaka lalikulu m'mimba mwake mpweya msokonezo zitsulo chitoliro kuwotcherera pores osati kumakhudza zothina wa payipi kuwotcherera ndi chifukwa kutayikira payipi, komanso kukhala malo opangira dzimbiri, amene amachepetsa kwambiri mphamvu ndi kulimba kwa weld. . Zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa porosity mu weld ndi: chinyezi, dothi, oxide sikelo ndi chitsulo filings mu flux, kuwotcherera zigawo zikuluzikulu ndi makulidwe chophimba, pamwamba khalidwe la mbale zitsulo ndi mankhwala a zitsulo mbale mbali mbale, kuwotcherera ndondomeko ndi zitsulo chitoliro. kupanga ndondomeko, etc. Flux kapangidwe. Pamene kuwotcherera kuli ndi kuchuluka koyenera kwa CaF2 ndi SiO2, idzachita ndi kuyamwa kuchuluka kwa H2, ndikupanga HF yokhala ndi bata lalikulu komanso yosasungunuka muzitsulo zamadzimadzi, zomwe zingalepheretse kupanga ma pores a haidrojeni.

Mavuvu nthawi zambiri amapezeka pakatikati pa mkanda wowotcherera. Chifukwa chachikulu ndi chakuti haidrojeni ikadali yobisika mkati mwa chitsulo chowotcherera mu mawonekedwe a thovu. Choncho, muyeso wothetsera vutoli ndikuyamba kuchotsa dzimbiri, mafuta, chinyezi ndi chinyezi kuchokera ku waya wowotcherera ndi weld. ndi zinthu zina, kutsatiridwa ndi flux ayenera bwino zouma kuchotsa chinyezi. Kuonjezera apo, ndizothandizanso kuonjezera zamakono, kuchepetsa liwiro la kuwotcherera, ndi kuchepetsa kulimba kwachitsulo chosungunuka.

Kuchuluka kwa makulidwe a flux nthawi zambiri ndi 25-45mm. Kuchuluka kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timatulutsa ndi kachulukidwe kakang'ono kumatengedwa ngati mtengo wapamwamba, mwinamwake mtengo wochepa umagwiritsidwa ntchito; Kuthamanga kwakukulu kwamakono ndi kutsika kwa kuwotcherera kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pa makulidwe a kudzikundikira, ndipo mtengo wocheperako umagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyana. Chinyezi chikakhala chambiri, madzi otuluka ayenera kuumitsidwa musanagwiritse ntchito. Kuphulika kwa sulfure (ming'alu ya sulfure). Ming'alu chifukwa sulfides mu gulu sulfure tsankho kulowa zitsulo weld pamene kuwotcherera mbale ndi magulu amphamvu sulfure tsankho (makamaka zofewa otentha zitsulo). Chifukwa cha izi ndi kukhalapo kwa haidrojeni mu iron sulfide ndi chitsulo chokhala ndi malo otsika osungunuka m'dera la sulfure. Choncho, kuti izi zisadzachitike, ndizothandizanso kugwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zophatikizika kapena zitsulo zophedwa ndi magulu olekanitsa ochepa a sulfure.