Madaidaicin bututun karfen bututun karfe ne mai welded dinki wanda yayi daidai da tsayin daka na bututun karfe. Yawancin lokaci zuwa kashi metric lantarki welded karfe bututu, lantarki welded bakin ciki-karo bututu, transformer sanyaya mai bututu, da dai sauransu Production tsari Madaidaici kabu high-mita welded karfe bututu da halaye na in mun gwada da sauki tsari da kuma m m samar. Ana amfani da su sosai a cikin gine-ginen jama'a, sinadarai, masana'antar haske, da sauran sassan. Ana amfani da shi galibi don jigilar ruwa mai ƙarancin ƙarfi ko kuma a sanya shi cikin sassa daban-daban na injiniya da samfuran masana'antu masu haske.;

1. Production tsari kwarara na madaidaiciya kabu high mita welded karfe bututu

Madaidaicin bututun ƙarfe mai waldaɗɗen kabu ana yin shi ta hanyar mirgina doguwar tsiri na ƙarfe na wani takamaiman ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun bututu ta hanyar juzu'in walda mai tsayi mai tsayi sannan a yi walda madaidaiciya don samar da bututun ƙarfe. Siffar bututun ƙarfe na iya zama zagaye, murabba'i, ko siffa ta musamman, wanda ya dogara da girman girman da jujjuya bayan walda. Babban kayan welded karfe bututu ne low carbon karfe da low gami karfe ko wasu karfe kayan daσs≤300N/mm2, daσs≤500N/mm2.;

2. High-mita waldi

High-mita waldi dogara ne a kan ka'idar electromagnetic shigar da fata tasirin, kusanci sakamako, da eddy halin yanzu thermal sakamako na AC cajin a cikin madugu ta yadda karfe a gefen walda ya zama mai zafi a cikin gida zuwa narkakkar jihar. Bayan fitar da abin nadi, butt weld yana tsakanin-crystalline. Haɗe don cimma manufar walda. Maɗaukakiyar walda wani nau'i ne na waldar shigar da walƙiya (ko walƙiyar lamba). Ba ya buƙatar kayan walda, ba shi da spatter waldi, yana da kunkuntar wuraren walda da zafi ya shafa, kyawawan sifofin walda, da kyawawan kaddarorin walda. Saboda haka, an fi so a samar da bututun ƙarfe. Faɗin aikace-aikace.;

Babban-yawan walda na bututun ƙarfe yana amfani da tasirin fata da tasirin kusancin canjin halin yanzu. Bayan an birgima karfe (tsitsi) kuma an kafa shi, an samar da bututu mai madauwari wanda babu wani yanki da ya karye, wanda ke juyawa a cikin bututun kusa da tsakiyar coil induction. Ko saitin resistors (maganganun igiyoyi). Resistor da buɗe bututun babu komai suna samar da madauki na shigar da wutar lantarki. Ƙarƙashin aikin tasirin fata da tasirin kusanci, gefen bututun buɗaɗɗen buɗaɗɗen buɗewa yana haifar da tasiri mai ƙarfi da haɓakar thermal, yin gefen weld Bayan an yi saurin zafi da zafin jiki da ake buƙata don waldawa da fitar da abin nadi, narkakkar karfe yana samun haɗin kai tsakanin granular kuma ya samar da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi bayan sanyaya.

3. High-mita welded bututu naúrar

A high-mita waldi tsari na madaidaiciya kabu karfe bututu an kammala a high-mita welded bututu raka'a. High-mita welded bututu raka'a yawanci kunshi yi forming, high-mita waldi, extrusion, sanyaya, sizing, yawo saw yankan, da sauran aka gyara. Ƙarshen gaban naúrar yana sanye da madauki na ajiya, kuma ƙarshen ƙarshen naúrar yana sanye da firam ɗin juyawa na karfe; Bangaren lantarki ya ƙunshi babban injin janareta, janareta na motsa jiki na DC, da na'urar sarrafa kayan aiki ta atomatik.

4. High-mita tashin hankali kewaye

Da'irar tashin hankali mai girma (wanda kuma aka sani da babban mitar oscillation circuit) yana kunshe da babban bututun lantarki da tankin oscillation da aka sanya a cikin janareta mai girma. Yana amfani da tasirin haɓakawa na bututun lantarki. Lokacin da electron tube da aka haɗa da filament da anode, da anode ne fitarwa siginar da aka tabbatacce ciyar da baya zuwa ga ƙofar, forming wani kai m oscillation madauki. Girman mitar tashin hankali ya dogara da sigogin lantarki (voltage, halin yanzu, capacitance, da inductance) na tankin oscillation.;

5. Madaidaicin kabu karfe bututu high-mita waldi tsari

5.1 Sarrafa ratar walda

The tsiri karfe ne ciyar a cikin welded bututu naúrar. Bayan an yi birgima da rollers da yawa, a hankali an naɗe karfen ya yi birgima don samar da bututu mai madauwari da babu tazarar buɗewa. Daidaita adadin raguwar abin nadi don sarrafa tazarar walda tsakanin 1 zuwa 3 mm. Kuma ku sanya iyakar biyun na tashar walda ta zube. Idan rata ya yi girma, za a rage tasirin kusanci, zafi mai zafi na yanzu ba zai isa ba, kuma haɗin gwiwar tsakanin-crystal na weld zai zama mara kyau, wanda zai haifar da rashin haɗuwa ko fashewa. Idan ratar ya yi ƙanƙanta, tasirin kusanci zai ƙaru kuma zafin walda zai yi yawa, yana haifar da ƙonewa; ko weld ɗin zai samar da rami mai zurfi bayan an fitar da shi da kuma birgima, yana shafar ingancin walda.;

5.2 Welding zafin jiki kula

Matsakaicin zafin walda ya fi shafar ƙarfin zafi mai ƙarfi na eddy na yanzu. Dangane da dabara (2), ana iya ganin cewa babban mitar eddy na yanzu ya fi shafar mitar yanzu. Ƙarfin zafi na eddy na yanzu yana daidai da murabba'in mitar tashin hankali na yanzu, kuma mitar tashin hankali na yanzu yana shafar mitar tashin hankali. Tasirin ƙarfin lantarki, halin yanzu, capacitance, da inductance. Tsarin mitar tashin hankali shine f=1/[2π(CL)1/2]…(1) Ina: f-excitation mita (Hz); C- capacitance (F) a cikin madauki na tashin hankali, capacitance = iko / Voltage; L-inductance a cikin madauki na tashin hankali, inductance = magnetic flux / halin yanzu. Ana iya gani daga wannan dabarar da ke sama cewa mitar motsawar motsi ta yi daidai da madaidaicin tushen tushe na capacitance da inductance a cikin madauki na motsa jiki, ko kuma daidai gwargwado ga tushen murabba'in wutar lantarki da na yanzu. Muddin aka canza capacitance da inductance a cikin madauki, ƙarfin lantarki ko na yanzu na iya canza mitar zumuɗi, ta haka ne a cimma manufar sarrafa zafin walda. Don ƙananan ƙarfe na carbon, ana sarrafa zafin walda a 1250 ~ 1460℃, wanda zai iya saduwa da waldi shigar da ake bukata na 3 ~ 5mm bututu bango kauri. Bugu da kari, ana iya samun zafin walda ta hanyar daidaita saurin waldawa. Lokacin da zafin shigarwar bai isa ba, gefen walda mai zafi ba zai iya kaiwa ga zafin walda ba, kuma tsarin ƙarfe ya kasance da ƙarfi, yana haifar da rashin cikawa ko walƙiya; lokacin da zafin shigarwar bai isa ba, gefen walda mai zafi ya zarce zafin walda, wanda ke haifar da ƙonawa da yawa ko narkakken ɗigon ruwa zai sa walda ta samar da narkakkar rami.;

5.3 Sarrafa ƙarfin extrusion

Bayan gefuna biyu na bututun da ba komai suna mai zafi zuwa zafin walda, ana matse su da abin nadi don samar da hatsi na yau da kullun na ƙarfe waɗanda ke shiga kuma su yi crystallize da juna, a ƙarshe suna samar da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi. Idan ƙarfin extrusion ya yi ƙanƙanta, adadin lu'ulu'u na yau da kullun da aka kafa zai zama ƙanana, ƙarfin ƙarfe na weld zai ragu, kuma fashewa zai faru bayan damuwa; idan karfin fitar da wuta ya yi yawa, za a fitar da narkakkar karfen daga cikin walda, wanda hakan ba zai rage karfin waldar ba, sannan a samu buraguzan ciki da waje da dama, har ma da nakasu kamar su. walda cinya seams.;

5.4 Sarrafa babban mitar shigar coil matsayi

Babban mitar induction coil yakamata ya kasance kusa da yuwuwar matsayin abin abin nadi. Idan induction coil yana da nisa daga abin nadi na extrusion, lokacin dumama mai tasiri zai fi tsayi, yankin da ke fama da zafi zai kasance mai fadi, kuma ƙarfin walda zai ragu; akasin haka, gefen weld ba zai zama mai zafi sosai ba kuma siffar zai zama mara kyau bayan extrusion.;

5.5 resistor ɗaya ne ko rukuni na sandunan maganadisu na musamman don bututun welded. Yankin giciye na resistor ya kamata yawanci kada ya kasance ƙasa da 70% na yanki na yanki na diamita na ciki na bututun ƙarfe. Ayyukansa shine samar da madauki na induction na lantarki tare da induction coil, gefen bututun mara walƙiya, da sandar maganadisu. , Samar da sakamako na kusanci, zafi na yanzu yana mayar da hankali a kusa da gefen bututun da ba shi da walƙiya, yana haifar da gefen bututu mai zafi zuwa zafin walda. Ana ja da resistor a cikin bututun babu komai tare da wayar karfe, kuma yakamata a daidaita matsayinsa kusa da tsakiyar abin nadi. Lokacin da aka kunna na'ura, saboda saurin motsi na bututu mara kyau, mai jujjuya yana fama da babban hasara daga juzu'i na bangon ciki na bututu kuma yana buƙatar sauyawa akai-akai.;

5.6 Bayan waldawa da extrusion, za a samar da tabo na walda kuma ana buƙatar cirewa. Hanyar tsaftacewa ita ce gyara kayan aiki a kan firam kuma dogara ga saurin motsi na bututu mai walda don santsi da tabo. Ba a cire burrs a cikin bututun waldadden gabaɗaya.;

6. Bukatun fasaha da dubawa mai inganci na bututun welded mai girma

Bisa ga GB3092 "Welded Karfe Bututu for Low-Matsi ruwa Transport" misali, da maras muhimmanci diamita na welded bututu ne 6 ~ 150mm, maras muhimmanci bango kauri ne 2.0 ~ 6.0mm, da tsawon da welded bututu yawanci 4 ~ 10 mita kuma za'a iya ƙayyade shi a tsayayyen tsayi ko tsayin tsayi da yawa Factory. Ingantattun bututun ƙarfe ya kamata ya zama santsi, kuma ba a yarda da lahani kamar nadawa, tsagewa, delamination, da waldar cinya. Ana ba da izinin saman bututun ƙarfe ya sami ƙananan lahani kamar su ɓarna, ɓarna, ɓarna walda, konewa, da tabo waɗanda ba su wuce mummunan karkatar da kaurin bango ba. An yarda da kauri na bango a walda da kasancewar sandunan walda na ciki. Bututun ƙarfe da aka welded yakamata a yi gwajin aikin injina, gwaje-gwajen ƙwanƙwasa, da gwaje-gwajen faɗaɗawa, kuma dole ne su cika buƙatun da aka ƙulla a cikin ma'auni. Bututun ƙarfe ya kamata ya iya jure wa wani matsa lamba na ciki. Idan ya cancanta, yakamata a gudanar da gwajin matsa lamba 2.5Mpa don kiyaye kada yayyo na minti daya. An ba da izinin amfani da hanyar gano aibi na yanzu maimakon gwajin hydrostatic. Gano kuskuren Eddy na yanzu ana aiwatar da shi ta daidaitaccen GB7735 "Hanyar Binciken Gano Aiki na Eddy na Bututun Karfe". Hanyar gano kuskuren eddy na yanzu shine gyara bincike akan firam, kiyaye tazarar 3 ~ 5mm tsakanin gano aibi da walda, da dogaro da saurin motsi na bututun ƙarfe don gudanar da cikakken sikanin walda. Ana sarrafa siginar gano lahani ta atomatik kuma ana jerawa ta atomatik ta mai gano aibi na yanzu. Don cimma manufar gano aibi. Bututun karfe ne da aka yi da faranti na karfe ko tarkacen karfe ana lankwasa sa'an nan a yi masa walda. Tsarin samarwa na bututun karfe mai sauki ne, samar da samarwa yana da yawa, akwai nau'ikan hannun jari da kayan haɗin gwiwa sun yi ƙarami, amma ƙarfin kayan aiki ya ƙasa fiye da na bututun ƙarfe mara kyau. Tun daga shekarun 1930, tare da ci gaba da ci gaba da ci gaba da yin mirgina na masana'antar tsiri mai inganci da ci gaban fasahar walda da bincike, ingancin walda ya ci gaba da inganta, kuma iri da ƙayyadaddun bututun ƙarfe na walda sun karu kowace rana. , maye gurbin bututun ƙarfe da ba a gama ba a cikin ƙarin filayen. dinki karfe bututu. Welded karfe bututu an raba zuwa madaidaiciya kabu welded bututu da karkace welded bututu bisa ga nau'i na weld. Tsarin samar da madaidaicin bututu mai walƙiya yana da sauƙi, haɓakar samarwa yana da girma, farashin yana da ƙasa, kuma haɓaka yana da sauri. Ƙarfin bututun welded gabaɗaya ya fi na madaidaicin bututun welded. Ana iya samar da bututu masu welded masu girman diamita daga kunkuntar billets, kuma ana iya samar da bututu masu welded da diamita daban-daban daga kwalabe masu faɗi iri ɗaya. Duk da haka, idan aka kwatanta da madaidaiciyar bututun bututu guda ɗaya, tsayin weld yana ƙaruwa da 30 ~ 100%, kuma saurin samarwa yana ƙasa. Bayan gano aibi, ana yanke bututun da aka welded zuwa ƙayyadaddun tsayi tare da abin gani mai tashi kuma ana birgima daga layin samarwa ta hanyar firam ɗin juyawa. Dukkan bangarorin biyu na bututun karfe yakamata su kasance masu lebur da alama, sannan a hada bututun da aka gama a cikin dam guda shida kafin barin masana'anta.