Babban ingancin gwaji abubuwa da hanyoyin nabututu maras kyau:

1. Duba girman da siffar bututun ƙarfe

(1) Binciken kauri na bangon ƙarfe: micrometer, ma'aunin kauri na ultrasonic, babu ƙasa da maki 8 a duka ƙarshen da rikodin.
(2) Karfe bututu m diamita da ovality dubawa: calliper ma'auni, vernier calipers, da zobe gauges don auna manya da kanana maki.
(3) Karfe tsawon dubawa: karfe tef, manual, atomatik tsawon ma'auni.
(4) Duban digiri na lanƙwasawa na bututun ƙarfe: mai mulki, mai mulki (1m), ma'aunin jin daɗi, da layin bakin ciki don auna digiri na lanƙwasa kowace mita da cikakken digiri na lanƙwasawa.

(5) Dubawa na bevel kwana da m baki na karshen fuska na karfe bututu: square mulki, clamping farantin.

2. Duban ingancin saman bututu marasa ƙarfi

(1) Binciken gani na hannun hannu: ƙarƙashin yanayin haske mai kyau, bisa ga ƙa'idodi, ƙwarewar tunani, kunna bututun ƙarfe don bincika a hankali. Filayen ciki da na waje na bututun ƙarfe maras sumul ba a yarda su sami tsagewa, folds, tabo, birgima da lalatawa.
(2) Gwajin mara lalacewa dubawa:

a. Ultrasonic flaw detection UT: Yana da kula da saman da lahani na ciki na kayan daban-daban tare da kayan uniform.
b. Gwajin Eddy na yanzu ET (induction na lantarki) yana da mahimmanci ga lahani (mai siffar rami).
c. Magnetic Particle MT da Gwajin Leakage Flux: Gwajin Magnetic ya dace don gano saman da lahani na kusa da kayan ferromagnetic.
d. Electromagnetic ultrasonic flaw ganowa: Babu hada biyu matsakaici da ake bukata, kuma shi za a iya amfani da high-zazzabi, high-gudun, m karfe bututu surface flaw ganewa.
e. Gano aibi mai shiga ciki: kyalli, canza launi, gano lahani na bututun ƙarfe.

3. Nazartar abubuwan sinadaran:nazarin sinadarai, bincike na kayan aiki (kayan infrared CS, spectrometer karanta kai tsaye, NO kayan aiki, da dai sauransu).

(1) Infrared CS kayan aiki: Bincika ferroalloys, steelmaking albarkatun kasa, da C da S abubuwa a karfe.
(2) Na'urar karantawa kai tsaye: C, Si, Mn, P, S, Cr, Mo, Ni, Cn, Al, W, V, Ti, B, Nb, As, Sn, Sb, Pb, Bi a cikin samfura masu yawa.
(3) N-0 kayan aiki: binciken abun ciki na gas N, O.

4. Karfe sarrafa aikin dubawa

(1) Gwajin gwaji: auna danniya da lalacewa, ƙayyade ƙarfin (YS, TS) da alamar filastik (A, Z) na kayan. Dogayi da kuma m samfurin bututu sashen, baka siffar, madauwari samfurin (￠10, ￠12.5) kananan diamita, bakin ciki bango, babban diamita, lokacin farin ciki bango calibration nisa. Note: The elongation na samfurin bayan karya yana da alaka da girman samfurin GB/T 1760
(2) Gwajin tasiri: CVN, nau'in nau'in C, nau'in V, aikin J darajar J / cm2 misali samfurin 10 × 10 × 55 (mm) samfurin da ba daidai ba 5 × 10 × 55 (mm).
(3) Gwajin taurin: Brinell hardness HB, Rockwell hardness HRC, Vickers hardness HV, da dai sauransu.
(4) Gwajin na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa: gwajin gwaji, lokacin daidaitawar matsa lamba, p = 2Sδ / D.

5. Sumul karfe bututu aiwatar dubawa

(1) Gwajin ƙwanƙwasa: samfurin madauwari mai siffar C (S / D> 0.15) H = (1 + 2) S / (∝ + S / D) L = 40 ~ 100mm, ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun kowane tsawon raka'a = 0.07～0.08
(2) Gwajin jawo zobe: L=15mm, babu fasa da ya cancanta
(3) Gwajin flaring da curling: tsakiyar taper shine 30 °, 40 °, 60 °
(4) Gwajin lankwasawa: Yana iya maye gurbin gwajin lanƙwasa (don manyan bututun diamita)

6. Metallographic bincike na bututu maras kyau
Gwajin haɓakawa mai girma (binciken microscopic), ƙananan gwajin haɓakawa (binciken macroscopic) gwajin gashin hasumiya mai siffar hasumiya don nazarin girman hatsi na abubuwan da ba na ƙarfe ba, nunin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙima da lahani (kamar sako-sako, rarrabuwa, kumfa subcutaneous, da sauransu. ), da kuma duba lamba, tsawo da rarraba gashin gashi.

Ƙarƙashin girman girman tsarin (macro): fararen fata masu gani da gani, haɗawa, kumfa subcutaneous, jujjuyawar fata da delamination ba a yarda a kan ƙananan ƙaramar duba giciye-ɓangarorin acid leaching gwajin guda na bututun ƙarfe maras sumul.

Ƙungiya mai ƙarfi (microscopic): Yi nazari tare da babban maƙiyi mai ƙarfi na lantarki. Gwajin gashin hasumiya: gwada lambar, tsayi da rarraba layin gashi.

Kowane rukuni na bututun ƙarfe maras sumul da ke shiga masana'antar za a kasance tare da takardar shaidar ingancin da ke tabbatar da amincin abubuwan da ke cikin bututun ƙarfe maras sumul.