Wofatsa zitsulo chitoliro amatanthauza zili zosakwana 0,25% mpweya zitsulo chifukwa otsika mphamvu, otsika kuuma ndi ofewa.Zimaphatikizapo mbali zambiri zazitsulo za carbon zitsulo ndi zitsulo zamtengo wapatali za carbon structural, makamaka popanda kutentha kwa kutentha komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito muzomangamanga, kutentha kwa carburizing ndi mbali zina zamakina zofunika kuvala.Wofatsa zitsulo chitoliro annealing bungwe ferrite ndi pearlite ndi kuchepetsa mphamvu zake ndi kuuma, ductility ndi kulimba.Chifukwa chake, mawonekedwe ozizira ndi abwino ndipo amatha kukhala opindika, kupindika, kukhomerera ndi njira zina zozizira.Monga chitoliro chofewa chachitsulocho chimakhala ndi weldability wabwino.Mpweya wa carbon kuchokera ku 0,10 mpaka 0,30% wazitsulo zofatsa ndizosavuta kuvomereza mitundu yonse yazitsulo monga kupangira, kuwotcherera ndi kudula, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga unyolo, ma rivets, mabawuti, ma shafts, etc.

Chitoliro chachitsulo chofatsa ndi chopangira zida zomangira, zotengera, thanki, ng'anjo ndi makina afamu.Chitoliro chofewa chofewa ndi chopangira galimoto yamoto, hood ndi zinthu zina zofiira kwambiri;komanso adagulung'undisa mipiringidzo, zofunika mphamvu kupanga mbali makina.Musanagwiritse ntchito wofatsa zitsulo chitoliro zambiri osati ndi kutentha mankhwala, mpweya zili oposa 0,15% ndi carburizing kapena cyanide mankhwala, ntchito amafuna kutentha pamwamba, kuvala mitsinje wabwino, bushings, sprockets ndi mbali zina.Chifukwa chochepa mphamvu ya chitsulo chochepa cha carbon, ntchito ndiyoletsedwa.Zoyenera kuonjezera carbon zili manganese ndi kuwonjezera trace vanadium, titaniyamu, niobium ndi zinthu zina alloying, akhoza kwambiri kusintha mphamvu ya chitsulo.Ngati muchepetse mpweya wa chitsulo muzitsulo ndikuwonjezera pang'ono aluminiyamu, ndi kachigawo kakang'ono ka boron carbide kupanga zinthu, mukhoza kupeza ULCB kukhala mkulu mokwanira mwamphamvu, ndi kukhalabe ductility wabwino ndi kulimba.

Low mpweya zili wofatsa zitsulo chitoliro ndi otsika kuuma ndi osauka machinability, normalizing ndondomeko akhoza kusintha machinability.Chitoliro chofewa chachitsulo chimakhala ndi nthawi yokulirapo, zonse zimathetsa zizolowezi zaukalamba, komanso chizolowezi chovutitsa ukalamba.Pamene kuzirala mofulumira kuchokera mkulu kutentha zitsulo, ferritic scraping carbon, nayitrogeni machulukitsidwe, angathenso kuchepetsa mapangidwe chitsulo carbonitride anali firiji, ndipo motero mphamvu ndi kuuma zitsulo, m'munsi ndi ductility ndi kulimba, chodabwitsa amatchedwa. kuthetsa ukalamba.Ngakhale popanda kuzimitsidwa ndi kuzizira kwa mpweya wochepa wa carbon kumatulutsa ukalamba.Pangani zitsulo zotsika kwambiri za carbon posintha ma dislocations ferrite kuchokera ku carbon, nitrogen atomu zotanuka dislocation interlocation, carbon, nitrogen atomu ulamuliro anasonkhana mozungulira mzere wolakwika.Kuphatikizana kotere kwa maatomu a kaboni ndi nayitrogeni ndi mzere wothamangitsidwa umatchedwa Coriolis wazaka zakubadwa za mpweya (Ke lop air mass).Zidzawonjezera mphamvu ndi kuuma kwachitsulo pamene zimachepetsa ductility ndi kulimba, chodabwitsa chomwe chimadziwika kuti kukalamba.Kuposa kuzimitsa ukalamba wa chitoliro chofatsa chachitsulo panthawi ya pulasitiki yopindika komanso kulimba, zoopsa zazikulu pamapindikira opindika zimakhala ndi zokolola zoonekeratu zam'mwamba ndi zotsika.Popeza zokolola pa zokolola mfundo elongation kumachitika mpaka mapeto, kuwoneka opunduka chifukwa cha pamwamba pamwamba ndi makutu opangidwa pamwamba chitsanzo, wotchedwa Luders gulu.Zisindikizo zambiri nthawi zambiri zimachotsedwa.Pali njira ziwiri zopewera.Njira yayikulu yosinthira chisanadze, malo opondera achitsulo opunduka pakapita nthawi adzatulutsa gulu la Luders, kotero kuti masitampu achitsulo opunduka amayikidwa nthawi isanakwane.Chitsulo china, aluminiyamu kapena titaniyamu amawonjezeredwa pakupanga kokhazikika kokhazikika ndi nayitrogeni kuti ateteze mapangidwe a mpweya omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kukalamba kwa Coriolis.