Kulumikiza chitoliro olowa, kumene mbali ziwiri kapena kuposa ntchito osakaniza welded olowa, kapena amatanthauza mbali ziwiri kapena kuposa olumikizidwa ndi kuwotcherera mfundo, kuphatikizapo welds, maphatikizidwe zone ndi kutentha bwanji zone.

Welded olowa zone

Pambuyo zitsulo ndi filler zitsulo zimasungunuka mofulumira liwiro Youyi anapanga pambuyo kuzirala ndi kulimba.Weld kuchokera kupangidwe kachitsulo kamadzimadzi zitsulo makhiristo, mbewu coarse, tsankho, bungwe si wandiweyani.Komabe, chifukwa yaing'ono kuwotcherera dziwe, kudya kuzirala, kulamulira okhwima mankhwala zikuchokera, mpweya, sulfure, phosphorous ndi otsika, komanso ndi kusintha zikuchokera mankhwala a aloyi wowotcherera, lili ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu alloying, kotero ntchito zitsulo weld si vuto lalikulu, kukwaniritsa zofunika ntchito, makamaka mphamvu mosavuta kufika.

Fusion zone

Malo osungunuka ndi gawo losinthira pakati pa malo osasungunuka.Mankhwala zikuchokera maphatikizidwe zone osagwirizana wandiweyani minofu zambiri coarse wandiweyani anaumitsa minofu kapena kutenthedwa minofu.Magwiridwe a zolumikizira zowotcherera nthawi zambiri amakhala oyipa kwambiri.Fusion zone ndi kutentha komwe kumakhudzidwa ndi malo otenthedwa kwambiri (kapena kuzimitsa) ndizoyipa kwambiri pamakina olumikizirana ofooka, zidzakhudza kwambiri mawonekedwe a olowa.

Kutentha bwanji zone

Mkangano mkulu-kutentha weld zone microstructure ndi katundu chifukwa cha kusintha kwa dera.Low-mpweya zitsulo kutentha anakhudzidwa zone akhoza kugawidwa m'madera kutenthedwa, ndi mbali ya gawo kusintha dera normalizing m'dera.

(1) Kutentha kwakukulu kwa kutentha kwapamwamba kuposa 1100℃, mbewu zolimba, ndipo ngakhale minofu yotentha kwambiri, yotchedwa dera la kutentha kwambiri.Ductility ndi toughness utachepa kwambiri kutenthedwa zone, kutentha bwanji zone ndi mbali yoyipa ya makina katundu.

(2) Kutentha kwakukulu kotentha kuchokera kumadera okhazikika a Ac3 mpaka 1100℃, ndi mpweya utakhazikika kuwotcherera njere kukhala ang'onoang'ono pambuyo normalizing bungwe lotchedwa normalizing dera.Bwino makina katundu wa normalizing woyendera nthambi.

(3) gawo la gawo lotentha kwambiri losinthira kutentha kupita kudera kuchokera ku Ac1 Ac3, gawo lokhalo la kusintha kwa gulu, lotchedwa gawo losinthira gawo.M'dera limeneli mbewu m'njira zosiyanasiyana ndi osauka.Pa unsembe kuwotcherera, kuwotcherera kuwotcherera njira zambiri.Cholumikizira chotenthetsera chotenthetsera kutentha kwambiri ndi chitsulo chotenthetsera chakomweko komanso thupi lodzaza yunifolomu yachitsulo chosungunuka ndikulimbitsa mawonekedwe osungunuka.Malinga ndi microstructure ndi katundu wa mbali zosiyanasiyana za welded olowa akhoza kugawidwa mu magawo atatu.