Umgangatho we-welding uhambelana ngokuthe ngqo nokhuseleko kunye nokuzinza kwemveliso. Ke ukuze siqinisekise umgangatho weemveliso ezidityanisiweyo, yeyiphi imiba esifanele sinikele ingqalelo kuyo?

Okokuqala, ubukhulu bombhobho wensimbi. Kwinkqubo yokuvelisa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemibhobho yensimbi edibeneyo, ubukhulu bombhobho wensimbi yiparameter ebaluleke kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yezizathu zokuvelisa kunye nokucubungula, kunokubakho ukuphambuka okuthile kubukhulu bombhobho wensimbi. Le migangatho ichaza iiparameters ezifana nobukhulu, ubukhulu, ubunzima, kunye nokunyamezela kwemibhobho yentsimbi edibeneyo ukuqinisekisa umgangatho kunye nokhuseleko lwemibhobho yensimbi. Ukuphambuka kubukhulu bemibhobho yentsimbi edityanisiweyo kunokuchaphazela umgangatho kunye nokhuseleko lwemibhobho yentsimbi. Ukuba ukuphambuka kobunzima bombhobho wensimbi kukhulu kakhulu, umthamo womthwalo wombhobho wensimbi unokuncitshiswa, ngaloo ndlela uchaphazela ukhuseleko kunye nokuzinza kwemveliso. Ukulawula ukuphambuka kobunzima bemibhobho yentsimbi edityanisiweyo, imigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe idla ngokuchaza imigangatho yokuphambuka okuvumelekileyo kobukhulu bemibhobho yentsimbi edityanisiweyo. Kwimveliso yangempela kunye nokusetyenziswa, kufuneka ilawulwe kwaye ilawulwe ngokungqongqo kwimigangatho yokuqinisekisa umgangatho kunye nokhuseleko lwemibhobho yensimbi. Lawula ngokungqongqo ubukhulu bemibhobho yentsimbi. Imibhobho yentsimbi yeenkcazo ezifanayo inokunyamezela kobunzima be-±5%. Silawula ngokungqongqo umgangatho wombhobho wentsimbi nganye. Senza uvavanyo lobunzima kwibhetshi nganye yeepayipi zetsimbi ukukhusela iimveliso ezikumgangatho ophantsi ukuba zingangeni kwiimarike, zikhusele amalungelo kunye nomdla wabathengi, kwaye siqinisekise Ukhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka kombhobho wentsimbi nganye.

Okwesibini, umlomo. Kwinkqubo ye-welding yensimbi yombhobho, enye into ebalulekileyo yonyango lwe-nozzle yombhobho wensimbi. Ingaba ifanelekile kwi-welding iya kuchaphazela kakhulu umgangatho wemveliso edibeneyo. Okokuqala, kuyimfuneko ukugcina umlomo wombhobho wentsimbi ungenawo umhlwa odadayo, ukungcola, kunye negrisi. Le nkunkuma ichaphazela kakhulu umgangatho we-welding, ibangela ukungalingani kunye nokuphuka kwe-weld ngexesha lenkqubo ye-welding, kwaye ichaphazela yonke imveliso edibeneyo. I-cross-section egudileyo ikwangumcimbi obalulekileyo ekufuneka wenziwe phambi kwe-welding. Ukuba i-angle ye-cross-section inclination angle inkulu kakhulu, i-welding ye-butt yombhobho wensimbi iya kugoba kwaye i-angle iya kubonakala, eya kuchaphazela ukusetyenziswa. Ngexesha le-welding, kufuneka uhlolisise i-burrs kunye nezinamathiselo kwi-fracture yombhobho wensimbi, ngaphandle koko, i-welding ayinakwenzeka. Iibhobho kwimibhobho yentsimbi inokukrwela abasebenzi kwaye yonakalise iimpahla zabo ngexesha lokucubungula, okuchaphazela kakhulu ukhuseleko. Ukuthathela ingqalelo iingxaki zokuwelda komsebenzisi, itekhnoloji yokulungiswa kwemibhobho yongeziwe kwinkqubo yokuqinisekisa ukuba ujongano lombhobho lugudileyo, luthe tyaba, kwaye alunaburr. Ngexesha le-welding, akukho mfuneko yokuphinda usike umbhobho, okwenza kube lula kubasebenzisi ukuba badibanise i-weld kusetyenziso lwemihla ngemihla. Ukuphunyezwa kwale nkqubo akunakunciphisa kuphela inkunkuma yezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo esizibonileyo ngexesha le-welding, kodwa ukwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso, ukunciphisa i-welding deformation, kunye nokuphucula ngakumbi umgangatho we-welding wemveliso.

Okwesithathu, i-welded welds welds welds ibhekisela kwi-welds eyenziwe ngexesha lenkqubo yokudibanisa imibhobho yensimbi. Umgangatho we-weld welds wentsimbi uchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kunye nokhuseleko lwemibhobho yensimbi. Ukuba kukho iziphene kwi-weld yentsimbi yombhobho, njengama-pores, i-slag inclusions, i-cracks, njl., iya kuchaphazela amandla kunye nokutywinwa kombhobho wensimbi, kubangela iingxaki ezifana namanqaku okuvuza kunye nokuphuka kwipayipi yensimbi ngexesha lenkqubo ye-welding. , ngaloo ndlela ichaphazela umgangatho kunye nokhuseleko lwemveliso. Ngoko ke, ngexesha lokuvelisa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemibhobho yensimbi, ukulawulwa komgangatho ongqongqo kunye novavanyo lwe-welds yentsimbi yombhobho kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa umgangatho kunye nokhuseleko lwemibhobho yensimbi. Ukuqinisekisa umgangatho we-welding, songeza ngokukodwa izixhobo zokubona i-turbine welding kumgca wokuvelisa ukufumanisa isimo sokuwelda kumbhobho wentsimbi nganye. Ngethuba lenkqubo yokuvelisa, ukuba iingxaki ze-welding zenzeka, siya kubiza ngokukhawuleza amapolisa ukukhusela iimveliso ezinengxaki ekungeniswa elizweni, kwiphakheji yemveliso egqityiweyo. Uvavanyo olungonakalisi, uhlalutyo lwe-metallographic, uvavanyo lwepropathi yomatshini, njl njl. lwenziwa kwibhetshi nganye yemibhobho yentsimbi ethunyelwa kumzi-mveliso ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba abathengi abasezantsi abakhathazwa yimveliso engazinzanga kunye nenkqubela phambili ecothayo kumsebenzi wokuwelda ngenxa yeengxaki zemibhobho yentsimbi ngexesha. ukucubungula imisebenzi.