Imibhobho engenamthungozenziwe kwi-tube blanks yenkcazo eyahlukeneyo ngokusebenzisa i-extrusion ephezulu yokushisa, ukupholisa, ukukhupha, ukugqiba kunye nezinye iinkqubo. Yenye yeentlobo ezine eziphambili zentsimbi kwilizwe lam. Isetyenziselwa ikakhulu ukuthutha ulwelo olunjengamanzi, i-oyile, igesi yendalo, amalahle, njl.njl. kunye nemibhobho kwizakhiwo zokwakha. Isenokusetyenziswa ukwenza izakhiwo zekhabhoni kumacandelo anzima amashishini afana neemoto, iitrektara, izixhobo ezisebenza ngoxinzelelo lwendalo, kunye noomatshini bemigodi. Imibhobho kunye nemibhobho ye-alloy yesakhiwo. Imibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo isetyenziswa kakhulu kwipetroleum, kushishino lweekhemikhali, amandla ombane, ukwakha iinqanawa, i-aerospace, ishishini lenyukliya, ulwakhiwo lokhuselo lwesizwe kunye neminye imimandla. Umbhobho wensimbi ongenamthungo unecandelo elingenalutho, elinokunciphisa ukudibanisa kwezinto eziphathekayo, ngaloo ndlela ukunciphisa ukungqubuzana; kwangaxeshanye, ine-conductivity elungileyo ye-thermal kunye ne-thermal conductivity, ngoko ke isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-automobiles, iitrektara, izixhobo ze-hydraulic, i-mechanical processing, njl.

1. Imibhobho engenamthungo inokucutshungulwa ngokweemfuno ezahlukeneyo kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu ekuveliseni iinxalenye zesakhiwo kunye namacandelo omatshini.

Umzekelo, iinjini zemoto kunye neenkqubo zothumelo zizinto ezichanekileyo eziphezulu ezineenjongo ezikhethekileyo. Kufuneka zibe nokuchaneka okulungileyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zoyilo. Kwishishini leemoto, izixhobo zokuqhuba iimoto zihlala zichatshazelwa ziimeko ezinzima zokusebenza. Umgangatho wenkqubo yokulawula ifuna ukuchaneka okuphezulu. Ngoko ke, ukuveliswa kweendawo ezinjalo ezichanekileyo kunzima kakhulu. Emva kweminyaka yophuhliso, ilizwe lethu ngoku linokuvelisa imibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo echanekileyo.

2. Iindlela zokuvelisa iipayipi ezingenamthungo zingahlulwa zibe zibhobho zensimbi ezishushu, ezibandayo okanye ezibandayo (extruded), ezinokucutshungulwa zibe ubude obufanelekileyo ngokweemfuno zomsebenzisi.

Izinto eziphathekayo zinokwahlulwa zibe: imibhobho yentsimbi ye-carbon structural, i-alloy steel okanye intsimbi engapheliyo, ubhedu kunye neminye imibhobho yesinyithi ye-non-ferrous metal kunye nemibhobho yentsimbi ye-non-precious; ngokweendlela ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa, zinokuphinda zahlulwe zibe: imibhobho yokuqhekeka kwepetroleum, imibhobho ehambisa ulwelo, imibhobho yentsimbi yeekhemikhali, imibhobho yentsimbi yesakhiwo, imibhobho yebhoyila enoxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nemibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo eyenziwe ngezinto ezingenaxabiso okanye zentsimbi, njl. . Uluhlu lweqondo lokushisa olusebenzayo lwe-20 # umbhobho wensimbi ongenamthungo uphakathi -40 ~ 350 ℃; ngokwemichiza yayo, inokohlulwa ibe ngumbhobho we-amorphous carbon structural ongenanto kwaye uqengqeleke umbhobho ongqukuva ongenamthungo. Iindidi eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziswayo zemibhobho engqukuva engenamthungo ibandakanya: imibhobho ye-carbon structural (efana nemibhobho yokomba ioyile, iishafti zothumelo lwemoto, njl. njl.), imibhobho yealloyi yesakhiwo (njengemibhobho yentsimbi yesichumiso enoxinzelelo oluphezulu, imibhobho yentsimbi yepetroleum eqhekekayo, intsimbi yebhoyila enoxinzelelo oluphezulu. imibhobho, njl.), imibhobho yensimbi ye-alloy ephantsi kunye nemibhobho yensimbi ekhethekileyo. Iinjongo zemibhobho yentsimbi, njl.; ngokokwakheka kweekhemikhali, zinokwahlulwa zibe yimibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo enganyangekiyo; ngokwemilo kunye nobukhulu, zinokwahlulwa zibe yityhubhu ezisikweri, iityhubhu ezingqukuva, iityhubhu ezixande, nemibhobho emilo ekhethekileyo.

Imfuno yemalike yemibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo iye yaba buthathaka. Ngokubhekiselele kwi-inventory: iintsimbi zetsimbi zasekhaya zihlanjululwa ngokukhawuleza, kodwa kukho uxinzelelo oluthile lwe-inventory. Ukongezelela, ngenxa yempembelelo yokusingqongileyo kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yokuthintela imveliso, ukuchasana phakathi kokunikezelwa kweemarike kunye nemfuno ayibonakali, kwaye igumbi lokunyuka kwexabiso lilinganiselwe.

3. Imibhobho engenamthungo inokwenziwa ngokuqengqeleka okushushu okanye umzobo obandayo ize idityaniswe.

Xa usebenzisa imibhobho yensimbi engenamthungo yokulungiswa komatshini, kufuneka iqhutywe ngokweenkcukacha, imilinganiselo, iindlela kunye nezinto ezichazwe kwimizobo, kunye nokuphathwa kwendawo kufuneka kuqhutywe ngokwemigaqo ngaphambi kwe-welding. Ukuwelda ngokuthe ngqo kwe-arc akuvumelekanga. Ubushushu obuveliswa xa ubushushu be-arc bukhulu busenokunyibilikisa intsimbi yentsimbi kwaye bunciphise umgangatho weweld. Ngaphambi kwe-welding, umgangatho we-weld kufuneka uhlolwe ngokucophelela kwaye uvavanyo olungonakalisi kufuneka lwenziwe. Xa kukho iziphene kwi-welds, akukho kuhlolwa kwesiphako kuvunyelwe kwaye izixhobo zokuvavanya ezingonakalisi kufuneka zisetyenziswe; xa kukho iziphene eziqhubekayo kwii-welds, akukho kuhlolwa kokukhangela iimpazamo kuvunyelwe; xa kukho iintanda eziqhubekayo kwii-welds, akukho kuhlolwa kokufumanisa impazamo kuvunyelwe; xa kukho iintanda eziqhubekayo kwi-welds Akukho kuhlolwa kokufumanisa isiphene kuvunyelwe. Xa kukho iziphene ezinzulu, i-welding kufuneka imiswe ngokukhawuleza kwaye ukulungiswa kwe-welding kufuneka kwenziwe.