Umbhobho wentsimbi yomthungo othe tye ngumbhobho wentsimbi onomthungo odityanisiweyo ohambelana nolwalathiso lwelongitudinal lombhobho wentsimbi. Ngokuqhelekileyo yahlulahlulwe kwimibhobho yentsimbi edityanisiweyo yombane, imibhobho edityanisiweyo yombane edityanisiweyo, imibhobho yeoli yokupholisa isiguquli, njl.njl. Inkqubo yemveliso Umthungo othe ngqo wemibhobho yentsimbi edityanisiweyo uneempawu zenkqubo elula kunye nemveliso ekhawulezileyo eqhubekayo. Zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kulwakhiwo lwasekuhlaleni, i-petrochemical, ishishini lokukhanya, kunye namanye amasebe. Isetyenziswa kakhulu ukuthutha ulwelo olunoxinzelelo oluphantsi okanye lwenziwe lube ngamacandelo ahlukeneyo obunjineli kunye neemveliso ezilula zamashishini.​

1. Ukuhamba kwenkqubo yokuvelisa yomthungo othe tye obuninzi bemibhobho yentsimbi edityanisiweyo

Umbhobho wentsimbi othungelweyo othe tye wenziwa ngokuqengqeleka komcu omde wesicu sentsimbi esichazwe kwimilo yetyhubhu engqukuva ngokusebenzisa iyunithi yokuwelda i-high-frequency welding and then welding the seam straight to make the steel pipe. Ubume bombhobho wensimbi unokuba yinto ejikelezileyo, isikwere, okanye i-shape-shaped-shaped, exhomekeke kwi-size kunye ne-rolling emva kwe-welding. Izinto eziphambili zemibhobho yentsimbi edibeneyo yintsimbi ephantsi yekhabhoni kunye nentsimbi ephantsi ye-alloy okanye ezinye izinto zetsimbiσs≤300N/mm2, kunyeσs≤500N/mm2.​

2. High-frequency welding

I-welding ephezulu-frequency welding isekelwe kumgaqo wokungeniswa kwe-electromagnetic kunye nesiphumo solusu, isiphumo sokusondela, kunye nesiphumo se-eddi yangoku ye-thermal yeentlawulo ze-AC kwi-conductor ukwenzela ukuba intsimbi esekupheleni kwe-weld ifudunyezwe ekuhlaleni kwindawo etyhidiweyo. Emva kokuba ikhutshwe yi-roller, i-butt weld i-inter-crystalline. Idibaniswe ukufezekisa injongo ye-welding. I-high-frequency welding luhlobo lwe-welding induction (okanye i-welding yoqhagamshelwano yoxinzelelo). Ayifuni iifayili ze-welding, ayinayo i-welding spatter, ineendawo ezincinci ezichatshazelwe ngubushushu, iimilo ezintle ze-welding, kunye neempawu ezilungileyo ze-welding. Ngoko ke, ithandwa kwimveliso yeepayipi zensimbi. Uluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo.​

I-high-frequency welding ye-mibhobho yentsimbi isebenzisa umphumo wesikhumba kunye nefuthe elisondeleyo lokutshintsha kwangoku. Emva kokuba insimbi (i-strip) igqitywe kwaye yenziwe, ityhubhu ejikelezayo engenanto kunye necandelo eliphukileyo lenziwe, elijikelezwa ngaphakathi kwiphubhu kufuphi neziko le-coil induction. Okanye isethi ye-resistors (i-magnetic rods). I-resistor kunye nokuvulwa kwetyhubhu engenanto yenza i-loop ye-electromagnetic induction loop. Ngaphantsi kwesenzo somphumo wesikhumba kunye nefuthe elisondeleyo, umda wokuvula ityhubhu engenanto ivelisa umphumo oqinileyo kunye nogxininise we-thermal, okwenza umda we-weld Emva kokufudumeza ngokukhawuleza kwiqondo lokushisa elifunekayo kwi-welding kwaye likhutshwe nge-roller yoxinzelelo, isinyithi esityhidiweyo sifezekisa ukuhlangana kwe-inter-granular kwaye senza i-weld eqinile ye-butt emva kokupholisa.

3. Iyunithi yombhobho odityanisiweyo we-high-frequency

Inkqubo yokudibanisa i-high-frequency welding ye-straight seam pipe igqitywe kwiiyunithi zemibhobho edityanisiweyo ephezulu. Iiyunithi zemibhobho edityanisiweyo ye-high-frequency idla ngokuquka ukwenza umqulu, i-high-frequency welding, i-extrusion, i-cooling, i-size, i-flying saw cut, kunye nezinye izinto. Isiphelo sangaphambili seyunithi sixhotywe nge-loop yokugcina, kwaye isiphelo sangasemva seyunithi sixhotywe ngesakhelo sokuguqula umbhobho wensimbi; Inxalenye yombane ikakhulu iqulathe ijenereyitha ephezulu-frequency, DC excitation generator, kunye nesixhobo sokulawula oluzenzekelayo isixhobo.

4. High-frequency excitation circuit

I-high-frequency excitation circuit (eyaziwa ngokuba yi-high-frequency oscillation circuit) yenziwe ityhubhu ye-electron enkulu kunye ne-tank ye-oscillation efakwe kwi-generator ye-high-frequency generator. Isebenzisa umphumo wokukhulisa umbhobho we-electron. Xa ityhubhu ye-electron iqhagamshelwe kwi-filament kunye ne-anode, i-anode yisignali yemveliso ngokuqinisekileyo yondliwa emva kwesango, isenza i-self-excited oscillation loop. Ubungakanani befrikhwensi yokuvuselela kuxhomekeke kwiiparamitha zombane (i-voltage, yangoku, i-capacitance, kunye ne-inductance) yetanki ye-oscillation.​

5. Umbhobho wentsimbi yomthungo othe tye we-high-frequency welding process

5.1 Ukulawulwa kwe-gap ye-weld

Intsimbi yomcu ifakwe kwiyunithi yombhobho odityanisiweyo. Emva kokuqengqeleka ngama-roller amaninzi, intsimbi yomcu iqengqeleka ngokuthe ngcembe ukuze yenze umbhobho ojikelezayo ongenanto onesikhewu sokuvula. Lungisa inani lokunciphisa i-roller extrusion ukulawula i-gap ye-weld phakathi kwe-1 kunye ne-3 mm. Kwaye wenze zombini iziphelo zechweba le-welding ligungxulwe. Ukuba i-gap inkulu kakhulu, umphumo wokusondela uya kuncitshiswa, ukushisa kwangoku kwe-eddy kuya kunganelanga, kwaye i-inter-crystal bonding ye-weld iya kuba yimbi, okubangela ukungabikho kokudibanisa okanye ukuqhekeka. Ukuba i-gap incinci kakhulu, umphumo wokusondela uya kwanda kwaye ukushisa kwe-welding kuya kuba phezulu kakhulu, kubangela ukuba i-weld itshise; okanye i-weld iya kwenza umngxuma onzulu emva kokukhutshwa kunye nokuqengqeleka, okuchaphazela umgangatho ophezulu we-weld.​

5.2 Ulawulo lobushushu be-Welding

Ubushushu be-welding buchaphazeleka kakhulu ngamandla obushushu akhoyo eeddi aphezulu. Ngokutsho kwefomula (2), kunokubonwa ukuba i-high-frequency eddy yangoku amandla e-thermal achaphazelekayo ikakhulu ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngoku. I-eddy yangoku yamandla e-thermal yangoku ilingana ne-square ye-excitation frequency yangoku, kwaye i-excitation frequency yangoku iyachatshazelwa yi-excitation frequency. Iziphumo zombane, okwangoku, amandla, kunye ne-inductance. Ifomyula yovuselelo lwamaza ngu-f=1/[2π(CL)1/2]…(1) Phi: f-excitation frequency (Hz); I-C-capacitance (F) kwi-loop yokuvuselela, i-capacitance = amandla / i-Voltage; I-L-inductance kwi-loop yokuvuselela, i-inductance = i-magnetic flux / yangoku. Inokubonwa kwifomula engentla ukuba i-excitation frequency ihambelana ngokungafaniyo ne-square root ye-capacitance kunye ne-inductance kwi-loop ye-excitation, okanye ngokuthe ngqo ngokulinganayo kwingcambu yesikwele sombane kunye nombane. Ngethuba nje i-capacitance kunye ne-inductance kwi-loop itshintshiwe, i-voltage inductive okanye yangoku inokutshintsha i-excitation frequency, ngaloo ndlela ifezekise injongo yokulawula ukushisa kwe-welding. Kwintsimbi yekhabhoni ephantsi, ukushisa kwe-welding kulawulwa kwi-1250 ~ 1460℃, enokuthi ihlangabezane nemfuneko yokungena kwe-welding ye-3 ~ 5mm ubukhulu bodonga lombhobho. Ukongeza, ubushushu be-welding bunokufumaneka ngokulungelelanisa isantya se-welding. Xa igalelo lokushisa linganele, i-weld edge evuthayo ayikwazi ukufikelela kwiqondo lokushisa, kwaye isakhiwo sensimbi sihlala siqinile, okubangelwa ukudibanisa okungagqibekanga okanye ukuthungatha okungaphelelanga; xa igalelo lobushushu lingonelanga, i-weld edge efudumeleyo idlula iqondo lobushushu le-welding, okukhokelela ekutshisweni ngokugqithisileyo okanye amathontsi anyibilikisiweyo kuya kubangela ukuba i-weld yenze umngxuma otyhidiweyo.​

5.3 Ukulawulwa kwamandla e-extrusion

Emva kokuba imiphetho emibini yetyhubhu engenanto ifudunyezwe kwiqondo lobushushu le-welding, icudiswa yi-roller yokucinezela ukuze yenze iinkozo zetsimbi eziqhelekileyo ezingenayo kwaye zidibanise omnye nomnye, ekugqibeleni zenze i-weld eqinile. Ukuba i-extrusion force incinci kakhulu, inani leekristale eziqhelekileyo ezenziweyo liya kuba lincinci, amandla e-weld metal aya kuncipha, kwaye ukuqhekeka kuya kwenzeka emva koxinzelelo; ukuba i-extrusion force inkulu kakhulu, isinyithi esityhidiweyo siya kucinywa ngaphandle kwe-weld, engayi kunciphisa kuphela Amandla e-weld ayancitshiswa, kwaye inani elikhulu le-burrs yangaphakathi nangaphandle iya kuveliswa, nokuba ibangele iziphene ezifana i-welding lap seams.​

5.4 Ukulawulwa kwe-high-frequency induction coil position

I-coil ye-high-frequency induction coil kufuneka isondele kangangoko kunokwenzeka kwindawo ye-squeeze roller. Ukuba i-coil induction ikude ne-extrusion roller, ixesha lokufudumala elisebenzayo liya kuba lide, ummandla ochaphazelekayo wokushisa uya kuba mkhulu, kwaye amandla e-weld aya kuncipha; ngokuchaseneyo, umda we-weld awuyi kutshisa ngokwaneleyo kwaye imilo iya kuba yimbi emva kokukhutshwa.​

5.5 I-resistor yenye okanye iqela leentonga ezikhethekileyo zemagneti kwimibhobho edityanisiweyo. Ummandla onqamlekileyo we-resistor akufanele ube ngaphantsi kwe-70% yendawo enqamlezayo yobubanzi obungaphakathi bombhobho wensimbi. Umsebenzi wayo kukwenza i-electromagnetic induction loop kunye nekhoyili yokungeniswa, umda wombhobho ongenanto weld seam, kunye nentonga kazibuthe. , ukuvelisa umphumo osondeleyo, ukushisa kwangoku kwe-eddy kugxininiswe kufuphi nomda we-tube blank weld, ebangela ukuba umda we-tube ongenanto ufudunyezwe kwiqondo lokushisa. I-resistor itsalwa ngaphakathi kwi-tube engenanto kunye nentambo yensimbi, kwaye indawo yayo ephakathi kufuneka igxininiswe ngokusondeleyo kumbindi we-roller extrusion. Xa umatshini uvuliwe, ngenxa yokuhamba ngokukhawuleza kwe-tube engenanto, i-resistor ilahlekelwa yilahleko enkulu kwi-friction yodonga lwangaphakathi lwe-tube engenanto kwaye idinga ukutshintshwa rhoqo.​

5.6 Emva kwe-welding kunye ne-extrusion, i-weld scars iya kuveliswa kwaye kufuneka isuswe. Indlela yokucoca kukulungisa isixhobo kwisakhelo kwaye uthembele ekuhambeni ngokukhawuleza kombhobho odibeneyo ukuze ulungelelanise isilonda se-weld. Iibhobho ezingaphakathi kwimibhobho edityanisiweyo azisuswanga.​

6. Iimfuno zobugcisa kunye nokuhlolwa komgangatho wemibhobho edityanisiweyo ephezulu-frequency

Ngokutsho komgangatho we-GB3092 "welded Steel Pipe yezoThutho ze-Low-Pressure Fluid Fluid", ububanzi obuqhelekileyo bombhobho odibeneyo ngu-6 ~ 150mm, ubukhulu bodonga olubizwa ngokuba yi-2.0 ~ 6.0mm, ubude bombhobho odibeneyo budla ngokuba yi-4 ~ 10 iimitha kwaye inokuchazwa kubude obusisigxina okanye ubude obuninzi beFactory. Umgangatho womphezulu wemibhobho yentsimbi kufuneka ube mpuluswa, kwaye iziphene ezifana nokusonga, iintanda, i-delamination, kunye ne-lap welding ayivumelekanga. Umphezulu wombhobho wensimbi uvumelekile ukuba ube neziphene ezincinci ezifana nokukrazula, ukukrazula, ukuchithwa kwe-weld, ukutshisa, kunye nezibazi ezingagqithisi ukuphambuka okungalunganga kodonga lodonga. Ukuqina kodonga lwe-weld kunye nobukho bemivalo ye-weld yangaphakathi ivumelekile. Imibhobho yentsimbi edityanisiweyo kufuneka ihlole ukusebenza ngoomatshini, iimvavanyo zokuthambisa, kunye novavanyo lokwandisa, kwaye kufuneka ihlangabezane neemfuno ezibalulwe kumgangatho. Umbhobho wensimbi kufuneka ukwazi ukumelana noxinzelelo oluthile lwangaphakathi. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, uvavanyo loxinzelelo lwe-2.5Mpa kufuneka lwenziwe ukuze kugcinwe akukho kuvuza umzuzu omnye. Kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa indlela ye-eddy yangoku yokufumanisa impazamo endaweni yovavanyo lwe-hydrostatic. Ukufunyaniswa kwesiphene kwangoku kwe-Eddy kuqhutywa ngumgangatho we-GB7735 "Indlela yokuHlola i-Eddy yangoku ye-Flaw yeMibhobho yentsimbi". Indlela yokufumanisa impazamo yangoku kukulungisa i-probe kwisakhelo, gcina umgama we-3 ~ 5mm phakathi kokubona impazamo kunye ne-weld, kwaye uthembele ekuhambeni ngokukhawuleza kombhobho wensimbi ukuqhuba ukuskena okubanzi kwe-weld. Isignali yokufumanisa impazamo icutshungulwa ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye ihlelwe ngokuzenzekelayo yi-eddy yangoku ye-flaw detector. Ukufezekisa injongo yokufumanisa isiphene. Ngumbhobho wentsimbi owenziwe ngeepleyiti zentsimbi okanye imicu yentsimbi egotyiweyo ize idityaniswe. Inkqubo yokuvelisa imibhobho yentsimbi edibeneyo ilula, ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kuphezulu, kukho iintlobo ezininzi kunye neenkcukacha, kwaye utyalo-mali lwezixhobo luncinci, kodwa amandla aqhelekileyo angaphantsi kunemibhobho yensimbi engenamthungo. Ukusukela ngeminyaka yee-1930s, kunye nophuhliso olukhawulezayo lwemveliso eqhubekayo yokuqengqeleka kwentsimbi ekumgangatho ophezulu kunye nokuqhubela phambili kwe-welding kunye nokuhlola itekhnoloji, umgangatho we-welds uqhubekile nokuphucula, kwaye iintlobo kunye neenkcukacha zemibhobho yentsimbi edityanisiweyo ziye zanda imihla ngemihla. , ukubuyisela imibhobho yentsimbi engagqitywanga kwiindawo ezininzi nangakumbi. Umbhobho wentsimbi yokuthunga. Imibhobho yentsimbi edityanisiweyo yohlulwe yaba yimibhobho edityanisiweyo ethe tye kunye nemibhobho edityanisiweyo eshukumayo ngokohlobo lwe weld. Inkqubo yokuvelisa umbhobho odityanisiweyo othe tye ilula, ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kuphezulu, ixabiso liphantsi, kwaye uphuhliso lukhawuleza. Ukomelela kwemibhobho edityanisiweyo ye-spiral idla ngokuba phezulu kunemibhobho edityanisiweyo ethe tye. Imibhobho edibeneyo enobubanzi obukhulu inokuveliswa kwiibhilithi ezincinci, kwaye iibhobho ezidibeneyo ezinobubanzi obuhlukeneyo nazo zingaveliswa kwiibhilithi zobubanzi obufanayo. Nangona kunjalo, xa kuthelekiswa nemibhobho eqondileyo yobude obufanayo, ubude be-weld bunyuswe nge-30 ~ 100%, kwaye isantya sokuvelisa siphantsi. Emva kokubona impazamo, umbhobho odityanisiweyo unqunyulwa ubude obuchaziweyo ngesarha ephaphazelayo kwaye uqengqiwe ngaphandle komgca wokuvelisa ngeflip frame. Zombini iziphelo zombhobho wentsimbi kufuneka zibe tyaba-chamfere kwaye ziphawulwe, kwaye imibhobho egqityiweyo kufuneka ifakwe kwimiqulu engama-hexagonal ngaphambi kokushiya umzi-mveliso.