Eli nqaku lichaza iingxaki kunye neengxaki zemveliiflangeinkqubo yokubumba, kwaye iqhube uphando olunzulu malunga nolawulo lwenkqubo, indlela yokwenza, ukuphunyezwa kwenkqubo, ukuhlolwa kwe-forging kunye nonyango olushushu lwasemva kwe-flange ngokudibanisa namatyala athile. Inqaku liphakamisa isicwangciso sokuphucula inkqubo yokwenziwa kweflange kwaye ivavanya izibonelelo ezibanzi zesi sicwangciso. Inqaku linexabiso elithile lesalathiso.

Iingxaki kunye neengxaki zenkqubo yemveli yokubumba i-flange

Kuninzi lwamashishini omgunyathi, eyona nto iphambili ekugxilwe kuyo kwinkqubo yokwenziwa kweflange kukutyalo-mali kunye nokuphuculwa kwezixhobo zokubumba, ngelixa inkqubo yokukhupha izinto ekrwada ihlala ingahoywa. Ngokutsho kolu phando, uninzi lweefektri zisebenzisa oomatshini bokusarha xa zisetyenziswa, kwaye uninzi lwazo zisebenzisa isarha semi-automatic kunye ne-automatic band. Lo mcimbi awunciphisi kakhulu kuphela ukusebenza kakuhle kwezinto ezisezantsi, kodwa uneengxaki ezinkulu zokuhlala kunye ne-saw cut cutting fluid. Kwinkqubo yokubumba i-flange yemveli idla ngokusetyenziswa kwinkqubo yokubumba i-diye evulekileyo, ukuchaneka kokwenza le nkqubo kuphantsi kakhulu, ukunxiba kunye nokukrazula kufa kukhulu, kuxhomekeke kubomi obuphantsi bokubumba kunye nothotho lweziganeko ezimbi ezinje. njengokufa okungalunganga.

Inkqubo yokuphucula i-flange forgings

UKUQAPHELA INKQUBO YOLAWULO

(1) Ukulawulwa kweempawu zentlangano. I-Flange forging ihlala i-martensitic stainless steel kunye ne-austenitic stainless steel njengezinto eziluhlaza, eli phepha likhethe i-1Cr18Ni9Ti i-austenitic stainless steel stainless forging forging. Le nsimbi engenasici ayikho i-isotropic heterocrystalline transformation, ukuba ifudunyezwe ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1000 ℃, kunokwenzeka ukuba ufumane umbutho we-austenitic ofanayo. Emva koko, ukuba i-stainless steel evuthayo ipholile ngokukhawuleza, ngoko intlangano ye-austenitic efunyenweyo inokugcinwa kwiqondo lokushisa. Ukuba umbutho uyacotha-upholile, ngoko kulula ukubonakala isigaba se-alpha, esenza ukuba imeko eshushu yeplastiki yensimbi engenasici iyancipha kakhulu. Insimbi engenasici nayo iyisizathu esibalulekileyo sokutshatyalaliswa kwe-corrosion ye-intergranular, isiganeko sibangelwa ikakhulu kwisizukulwana se-chromium carbide kwi-granular edge. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, i-phenomenon ye-carburization kufuneka igwenywe kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
(2) Ukuthobela ngokuthe ngqo kwiinkcukacha zokufudumeza, kunye nolawulo olusebenzayo lobushushu bokwenza. Xa ufudumeza i-1Cr18Ni9Ti i-austenitic steel stainless esithandweni, umphezulu wezinto eziphathekayo uthandwa kakhulu kwi-carburization. Ukuze kuncitshiswe ukwenzeka kwesi siganeko, kufuneka
Kuphephe ukudibana phakathi kwentsimbi engatyiwa kunye nezinto ezinekhabhoni. Ngenxa yokungahambi kakuhle kwe-thermal conductivity ye-1Cr18Ni9Ti austenitic stainless steel kwindawo yobushushu obuphantsi, kufuneka ifudunyezwe kancinci. Ulawulo oluthile lobushushu bokufudumala kufuneka luqhutywe ngokuthobela ngokungqongqo ijika elikuMfanekiso 1.

Umfanekiso.1 1Cr18Ni9Ti austenitic steel stainless stainless heat heat control
(3) ulawulo lwenkqubo yokusebenza kweflange. Okokuqala, iimfuno zenkqubo ethile kufuneka zilandelwe ngokungqongqo ukukhetha ngokufanelekileyo imathiriyeli ekrwada yemathiriyeli. Ngaphambi kokufudumeza izinto kufuneka kuhlolwe ngokubanzi umgangatho wezinto eziphathekayo, ukuphepha ukuqhekeka, ukugoqa kunye nokufakwa kwizinto eziluhlaza kunye nezinye iingxaki. Emva koko, xa uqulunqa, kufuneka unyanzeliswe ukuba ubethe ngokukhawuleza izinto eziphathekayo kunye ne-deformation encinci kuqala, kwaye ubethe kakhulu xa iplastiki yezinto eziphathekayo ikhula. Xa uphazamiseka, iziphelo eziphezulu kunye nezisezantsi kufuneka zenziwe nge-chamfered okanye i-crimped, kwaye ke inxalenye kufuneka ifakwe kwaye ibethelwe kwakhona.

UKWENZA INDLELA KUNYE NOYILO LOKUFA

Xa i-diameter ingadlulanga kwi-150mm, i-butt weld flange inokwakheka ngendlela evulekileyo yokwenza iheader kunye neseti yeedies. Njengoko kuboniswe kwi-Figure 2, kwindlela evulekileyo yokumisela ukufa, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukuphakama kwe-blank blank kunye nomlinganiselo we-pad die aperture d ulawulwa kakuhle kwi-1.5 - 3.0, i-radius ye-fall hole fillet R i best 0.05d - 0.15d, kunye nokuphakama die H yi 2mm - 3mm ngaphantsi kunobude forging ifanelekileyo.

Umzobo 2 Vula iseti yokudayelo indlela
Xa ububanzi budlula i-150mm, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ukhethe indlela ye-flange ye-butt welding ye-flanging ring flanging kunye ne-extrusion. Njengoko kuboniswe kwi-Fig. 3, ukuphakama kwe-H0 engenanto kufuneka kube yi-0.65 (H + h) - 0.8 (H + h) kwindlela ye-flanging ring ring. Ulawulo oluthile lobushushu bokufudumala kufuneka lwenziwe ngokuthotyelwa ngokungqongqo kwigophe kuMfanekiso 1.

Umzobo 3 Ukujika kweringi ecaba kunye nendlela ye-extrusion

UKUPHUNYEZWA KWENKQUBO NOKUHLOLA

Kweli phepha, indlela yokucheba ibha yensimbi engenasici isetyenzisiweyo kwaye idibaniswe nokusetyenziswa kwenkqubo yokucheba enyanzelweyo yokuqinisekisa umgangatho wecandelo lemveliso. Esikhundleni sokusebenzisa inkqubo yokubumba evulekileyo yesiqhelo, indlela yokubumba echanekileyo evaliweyo yamkelwa. Le ndlela ayisiyiyo kuphela into yokwenza imveliso
Le ndlela ayiphuculi nje ukuchaneka kokubunjwa, kodwa iphinda isuse ithuba lokufa okungalunganga kunye nokunciphisa inkqubo yokusika edge. Le ndlela ayipheli kuphela ukusetyenziswa kwe-scrap edge, kodwa iphinda isuse imfuno yezixhobo zokusika ezinqamlekileyo, ukusika umgca uyafa, kunye nabasebenzi abathintekayo. Ke ngoko, inkqubo yokubumba echanekileyo evaliweyo ibaluleke kakhulu ukugcina iindleko kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso. Ngokweemfuno ezifanelekileyo, amandla okubamba umngxuma onzulu wemveliso akufunekanga abe ngaphantsi kwe-570MPa kwaye ubude abufanelanga ukuba ngaphantsi kwe-20%. Ngokuthatha iisampulu kwindawo engqindilili yodonga lomngxuma onzulu ukwenza ibha yovavanyo kunye nokuqhuba uvavanyo lwe-tensile, sinokufumana ukuba amandla okuqina okubumba yi-720MPa, amandla esivuno ngama-430MPa, ubude ngama-21.4%, kwaye ukucutheka kwecandelo yi-37%. . Ingabonwa ukuba imveliso ihlangabezana neemfuno.

EMVA-KOKUQAPHELA UNYANGO LWEENTSHISA

I-1Cr18Ni9Ti i-austenitic stainless steel flange emva kokubunjwa, hlawula ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kwimbonakalo ye-intergranular corrosion phenomenon, kunye nokuphucula iplastiki yezinto eziphathekayo kangangoko kunokwenzeka, ukunciphisa okanye ukuphelisa ingxaki yomsebenzi wokuqina. Ukuze kufumaneke ukuxhathisa okulungileyo komhlwa, i-flange yokubumba kufuneka ibe lunyango olusebenzayo lobushushu, ngenxa yale njongo, i-forgings kufuneka ibe lunyango oluluqilima lwesisombululo. Ngokusekelwe kuhlalutyo olungentla, i-forgings kufuneka itshiswe ukuze zonke i-carbides zichithwe kwi-austenite xa ubushushu buphakathi kwe-1050 ° C - 1070 ° C. Ngokukhawuleza emva koko, imveliso ebangelwayo ipholile ngokukhawuleza ukufumana isakhiwo se-austenite yesigaba esisodwa. Ngenxa yoko, ukuxhathisa kwe-corrosion yoxinzelelo kunye nokuchasana ne-crystalline corrosion ye-forgings kuphuculwe kakhulu. Kule meko, unyango olushushu lwe-forgings lwakhethwa ukuba luqhutywe ngokusebenzisa ukucima ukushisa kwenkunkuma. Ekubeni ukucima inkunkuma yokucima ubushushu bubushushu obuphezulu, xa kuthelekiswa nobushushu obuqhelekileyo, ayifuni nje kuphela iimfuno zokufudumeza izixhobo zokucima kunye nokucima kunye neemfuno zoqwalaselo lwabaqhubi, kodwa nokusebenza kobuqhophololo obuveliswa kusetyenziswa le nkqubo kuninzi. umgangatho ophezulu.

Uhlalutyo lwenzuzo ebanzi

Ukusetyenziswa kwenkqubo ephuculweyo yokuvelisa i-flange forgings ngokufanelekileyo kunciphisa isibonelelo somatshini kunye ne-die slope ye-forgings, ukugcina izinto eziluhlaza ukuya kumlinganiselo othile. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-saw blade kunye nokusika ulwelo kuncipha kwinkqubo yokubumba, okunciphisa kakhulu ukusetyenziswa kwezinto. Ngokungeniswa kwendlela yokunciphisa ubushushu benkunkuma, ukuphelisa amandla afunekayo ekucinyweni kwe-thermal.

Ukuqukumbela

Kwinkqubo yokuvelisa i-flange forgings, iimfuno zenkqubo ethile kufuneka zithathwe njengendawo yokuqala, idityaniswe nenzululwazi yanamhlanje kunye neteknoloji yokuphucula indlela yokubumba yendabuko kunye nokwandisa isicwangciso semveliso.