Kwishishini lensimbi, imibhobho yentsimbi iyinto ebalulekileyo esisiseko kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kulwakhiwo, koomatshini, kushishino lweekhemikhali, nakwezinye iindawo. Inkqubo yokuhlamba i-alkali yombhobho wensimbi, njengekhonkco eliphambili kunyango lomphezulu wemibhobho yensimbi, ibaluleke kakhulu ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kwe-anti-corrosion yepayipi yensimbi kunye nokwandisa ubomi babo benkonzo.

Okokuqala, umgaqo wenkqubo yokuhlamba umbhobho we-alkali
Ukuhlamba i-alkali, njengoko igama libonisa, yindlela yokucoca umphezulu wemibhobho yensimbi usebenzisa izisombululo ze-alkaline. Ngethuba lenkqubo yokuhlamba i-alkali, i-ion ye-hydroxide (OH-) kwisisombululo se-alkaline isabela ngokwekhemikhali kunye nokungcola okunjengamabala e-oyile kunye nee-oxides kumphezulu wombhobho wensimbi, iguqulelwe kwizinto ezinyibilikayo emanzini, ngaloo ndlela ifezekisa injongo yokucoca. umphezulu. Ngexesha elifanayo, ukuhlamba i-alkali kunokususa ukungalingani kwe-microscopic yendawo yombhobho wensimbi, ukubonelela ngesiseko esilungileyo sokwaleka okulandelayo okanye unyango oluchasayo.

Okwesibini, amanyathelo ombhobho wensimbi inkqubo yokuhlamba i-alkali
Inkqubo yokuhlamba ialkali yombhobho wentsimbi idla ngokubandakanya la manyathelo alandelayo:
1. Ukulungiswa kwangaphambili: Ngaphambi kokuhlamba i-alkali, umbhobho wensimbi kufuneka uqhutywe ngaphambili, kubandakanywa nokususa ukungcola okukhulu kweengqungquthela kunye nomhlwa phezu komhlaba. Injongo yeli nyathelo kukudala indawo yokusebenza ecocekileyo ngokwentelekiso yokuhlamba ialkali kunye nokuphucula isiphumo sokuhlamba ialkali.
2. Ukulungiswa kwesisombululo se-alkali: Ngokwezinto eziphathekayo, imeko yomhlaba, kunye neemfuno zokucoca zombhobho wensimbi, lungiselela isisombululo se-alkali sokugxininiswa okufanelekileyo. Iphezulu kakhulu okanye iphantsi kakhulu i-concentration yesisombululo se-alkali iya kuchaphazela umphumo wokucoca, ngoko kufuneka ilawulwe ngokungqongqo.
3. Umsebenzi wokuhlamba i-alkali: Gxila umbhobho wensimbi owenziwe ngaphambili kwisisombululo se-alkali kwixesha elithile ukwenzela ukuba isisombululo se-alkali sinokudibanisa ngokupheleleyo kwaye siphendule kunye nomphezulu wepayipi yensimbi. Ngethuba le nkqubo, umbhobho wensimbi kufuneka uguqulwe rhoqo ukuze uqinisekise ukuba zonke iindawo zihlanjwe ngokulinganayo.
4. Ukucoca kunye nokumisa: Emva kokugqitywa kwe-alkali yokuhlamba, umbhobho wensimbi kufuneka uhlanjululwe ngamanzi acocekileyo ukususa isisombululo se-alkali esiseleyo kunye neemveliso zokuphendula. Emva kokuhlanjululwa, umbhobho wentsimbi kufuneka womiswe ukuze uthintele ukubola kwesibini okubangelwa kukufuma okushiyekileyo.
5. Ukuhlolwa komgangatho: Ekugqibeleni, umbhobho wensimbi emva kokuhlamba i-alkali ihlolwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba ukucoceka kwendawo yayo, ukucwebezela, njl njl. Ukuba kukho iimveliso ezingafanelekanga, kufuneka ziphinde zenziwe kwakhona.

Okwesithathu, amanqaku asebenzayo ombhobho wensimbi inkqubo yokucoca i-alkali
Kumsebenzi wangempela, ukuqinisekisa umphumo kunye nomgangatho wenkqubo yokucoca umbhobho wensimbi, kufuneka kuqatshelwe la manqaku alandelayo:
1. Khetha isisombululo esifanelekileyo se-alkali: Izinto ezahlukeneyo zemibhobho yensimbi kunye neemeko ezingaphezulu zineemfuno ezahlukeneyo kwizisombululo ze-alkali. Ngoko ke, xa ukhetha isisombululo se-alkali, kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela ngokupheleleyo imeko yangempela yombhobho wensimbi kwaye ukhethe uhlobo olufanelekileyo lwesisombululo se-alkali kunye nokugxininiswa.
2. Lawula ixesha lokucoca i-alkali: Ixesha elide lokucoca i-alkali linokubangela ukubola okugqithisileyo kombhobho wensimbi kwaye kuchaphazele ukusebenza; ixesha elifutshane kakhulu lisenokungacocwa kakuhle. Ngoko ke, kuyimfuneko ukugqiba ngokufanelekileyo ixesha lokucoca i-alkali ngokwezinto ezifana nempahla kunye neqondo lokungcoliswa komhlaba wombhobho wensimbi.
3. Gcina ubushushu besisombululo se-alkali: Ngethuba lenkqubo yokucoca i-alkali, ukushisa okufanelekileyo kunokunyusa izinga lokuphendula kweekhemikhali, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ukusebenza kakuhle kokucoca. Nangona kunjalo, ubushushu obuphezulu kakhulu bunokubangela ukuba isisombululo se-alkali siphume ngokukhawuleza, sichaphazela umphumo wokucoca. Ke ngoko, ubushushu besisombululo sealkali kufuneka bugcinwe ngaphakathi koluhlu olufanelekileyo.
4. Ukutshintsha rhoqo isisombululo se-alkali: Njengoko ukucocwa kwe-alkali kuqhubeka, izithako ezisebenzayo kwisisombululo se-alkali ziya kudliwa ngokuthe ngcembe, kwaye umlinganiselo othile wokungcola uya kuqokelela. Ukuqinisekisa umphumo wokucoca, isisombululo se-alkali kufuneka sitshintshwe rhoqo.
5. Amanyathelo okukhusela ukhuseleko: Isisombululo se-alkali sinobukrakra kwaye siyacaphukisa kwinqanaba elithile. Abaqhubi kufuneka banxibe iiglasi zokukhusela, iiglavu, kunye nezinye iimveliso zokukhusela abasebenzi ukunqanda ukudibana ngqo nezisombululo zealkali. Kwangaxeshanye, izibonelelo zokungenisa umoya kufuneka zisekwe kwindawo yokuhlamba i-alkali ukuze kuncitshiswe ingozi yokuguquguquka kwesisombululo sealkali kubaqhubi.

Okwesine, ukubaluleka kunye nexabiso lombhobho wensimbi inkqubo yokuhlamba i-alkali
Njengekhonkco elibalulekileyo ekuveliseni imibhobho yensimbi, umbhobho wensimbi inkqubo yokuhlamba i-alkali ibaluleke kakhulu ekuphuculeni umgangatho wemibhobho yensimbi kunye nokwandisa ubomi babo benkonzo. Ngokusebenzisa unyango lokuhlamba i-alkali, ukungcola okufana neoli kunye ne-oxides kumphezulu wemibhobho yensimbi inokususwa ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye ukucoceka kunye nokusebenza kwe-anti-corrosion kwimibhobho yensimbi kunokuphuculwa. Ngelo xesha, ukuhlamba i-alkali kunokuphucula i-microstructure yendawo yombhobho wensimbi, ukubonelela ngesiseko esilungileyo sokwaleka okulandelayo okanye unyango oluchasene ne-corrosion. Ngoko ke, kwinkqubo yokuvelisa umbhobho wensimbi, ingqwalasela epheleleyo kufuneka ihlawulwe kwikhonkco yokuhlamba i-alkali ukuqinisekisa ukuba umgangatho wemibhobho yensimbi uhlangabezana neemfuno eziqhelekileyo.

Isishwankathelo, inkqubo yokuhlamba i-alkali yeepayipi zetsimbi yinkqubo enzima kunye neyinkimbinkimbi, efuna ukuba abaqhubi babe nolwazi olucebileyo lobugcisa kunye namava asebenzayo. Ngokuqonda ngokunzulu umgaqo wokuhlamba i-alkali, ukuqonda amanqaku abalulekileyo okusebenza okusebenzayo kunye nokuphumeza ngokungqongqo imilinganiselo yokusebenza, sinokuqinisekisa umphumo kunye nomgangatho wenkqubo yokuhlamba umbhobho we-alkali kunye nokubonelela ngeziqinisekiso ezinamandla zokusetyenziswa okulandelayo kwemibhobho yentsimbi.