Inkqubo yokuvelisa umbhobho wentsimbi edityanisiweyo yintsimbi, umcu, kunye nezinye iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokubumba usebenzisa umqulu ochanekileyo wocinezela okanye ulwalathiso lwe-helical ukugoba kwimilo enqwenelekayo yecandelo, kwaye ke ngendlela yobushushu, uxinzelelo, iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuwelda kunye ukuze fumana intsimbi. Ngoko ke, iziphene kwipayipi yensimbi edibeneyo ihlulwe ibe ngamacandelo amabini: iziphene zesiseko sensimbi kunye neziphene ze-weld.

1. Isiphene sezinto ezisisiseko sentsimbi
I-sheet material defects emva kokuqengqeleka kunye nezinye iinkqubo, ezininzi zeplani, zihambelana nomphezulu; ubuthathaka zabo eziphambili delamination, inclusions, iintanda, ukugotywa, njl, leyo yeyona ixhaphakileyo umaleko iziphene zangaphakathi. I-Stratification iya kuvelisa iintlobo zeentanda xa uxinzelelo lwe-tensile perpendicular kumphezulu wephepha yi-hierarchical luya kuchaphazela kakhulu amandla ombhobho wensimbi, akuvumelekanga iziphene.

2. Iziphene zeweld
I-Weld defects ibhekisela kwisiphene ngexesha le-welding okanye emva kwe-welding ebangela ukuba i-weld ihlulwe ibe ziintanda, iipores, i-slag, ukungena okungaphelelanga, ukudityaniswa okungaphelelanga, iziphene ze-weld undercut. I-weld porosity enzulu, i-slag, njl. njl. iziphene ezixineneyo ezinokwakheka okuthathu, iintanda, ukungabikho kokudibanisa kunye nezinye iziphene kwimeko yeflethi, ingozi enkulu. I-Strip slag, ukungena okungaphelelanga kunye nezinye iziphene kwimeko ye-strip, ingozi enkulu. Iipores, i-slag kunye nezinye iziphene ezincinci ezifana nenqaku kwimeko. Weld iziphene kunokwenzeka ngakumbi ukuba kubangele amandla intsimbi, iplastiki kunye neminye imiba, echaphazela ngokunzulu umgangatho wentsimbi, umgangatho wentsimbi welded umbhobho kuchaphazela ngqo ukusebenza ekhuselekileyo kunye nobomi benkonzo yeoli kunye nemibhobho yegesi, yaye ngaloo ndlela ukuhlolwa weld ikakhulu iintanda ukuwelda iintanda; i-pores, i-slag, ukungena okungaphelelanga, ukudityaniswa okungaphelelanga kunye nezinye iziphene eziyingozi zokubona iziphene.