UKUDLA KWEMVELISO ZEZINTSIMBI

Insimbi engenasici i-alloy yentsimbi equkethe ubuncinane i-10.5% yechromium. Le chromium ivumela ukwakheka komgangatho obhityileyo weoksidi kumphezulu wesinyithi, okwaziwa ngokuba "yi-passive layer" kwaye inika intsimbi engatyiwayo ukubengezela kwayo okwahlukileyo.
Iingubo zokwaleka ezifana nezi zinceda ukunqanda ukuthotywa komphezulu wesinyithi kwaye ngaloo ndlela ziphucule ukuxhathisa kokubola ngokwandisa isixa sechromium kwintsimbi engenasici. Ngokudibanisa izinto ezifana ne-nickel kunye ne-molybdenum, ii-alloys zensimbi ezingenasici zingaphuhliswa, zinike isinyithi esiluncedo ngakumbi, njengokuphucula ukubunjwa kunye nokumelana nokunyuka okuphezulu.
Iimveliso zensimbi ezingenasici eziveliswa ngabavelisi bemibhobho yensimbi aziyi kugqwala kwiimeko "zendalo" okanye kwiindawo zasemanzini, ngoko ke, i-cutlery, i-sink, i-countertops, kunye neepaneli ezenziwe ngetsimbi I-household stainless steel isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba le nto "i-rustless" kwaye "ingenasici" kwaye ngoko ke kwezinye iimeko kuya kwenzeka i-corrosion.

Yintoni enokubangela ukuba intsimbi engatyiwayo idle?
I-Corrosion, kwinkcazo yayo elula, yi-chemical reaction echaphazela ingqibelelo yesinyithi. Ukuba isinyithi sidibana ne-electrolyte, njengamanzi, ioksijini, ukungcola, okanye enye isinyithi, olu hlobo lokusabela kweekhemikhali lunokwenziwa.
Iintsimbi zilahlekelwa ii-electron emva kokusabela kweekhemikhali kwaye ngoko ziba buthathaka. Emva koko ichaphazeleka kwezinye iikhemikhali zexesha elizayo, ezinokuthi zenze izinto ezifana nokubola, iintanda, kunye nemingxuma kwizinto eziphathekayo de isinyithi sibe buthathaka.
Ukonakala kusenokuziqhubela, nto leyo ethetha ukuba xa sele iqalile kunokuba nzima ukuyiyeka. Oku kunokubangela ukuba isinyithi sibe brittle xa umhlwa ufikelela kwinqanaba elithile kwaye unokuwa.

IIFOMU EZAHLUKENEYO ZOKUMHLELA KWIStainless Steel
I-uniform Corrosion
Olona hlobo luxhaphakileyo lwe-corrosion olunokuchaphazela intsimbi engatyiwayo kunye nezinye izinyithi kuthiwa yi-uniform corrosion. Oku "kufaniswa" ukusasazeka kwe-corrosion kwindawo yonke yezinto.
Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, kwaziwa ngokuba yenye yeendlela "ezingenabungozi" zokubola, nangona ziyakwazi ukugubungela iindawo ezinkulu zesinyithi. Ngokwenene, impembelelo yayo ekusebenzeni kwemathiriyeli inokulinganiswa njengoko inokuqinisekiswa ngokulula.

I-Pitting Corrosion
I-Pitting corrosion ingaba nzima ukuqikelela, ukuqaphela, kunye nokwahlula, oku kuthetha ukuba ihlala ithathwa njengenye yeendlela eziyingozi kakhulu zokubola.
Olu luhlobo lwendawo oluhlala kwindawo ephezulu ye-corrosion apho indawo encinci ye-corrosion ye-pitting yenziwa yi-anodic yendawo okanye indawo ye-cathodic. Wakuba lo mngxuma uzinzile, “unokwakha” kuwo ngokwawo ukuze umngxuma omncinane ube lula ukwenza umngxuma onokuba neemilo nobukhulu obahlukeneyo. I-Pitting corrosion ihlala "ifuduka" ibheka ezantsi kwaye inokuba yingozi kakhulu kuba ukuba iyekwa ingaqwalaselwa, nokuba indawo encinci iyachaphazeleka, inokukhokelela ekungaphumeleli kwesakhiwo sesinyithi.

I-Crevice Corrosion
I-Crevice corrosion luhlobo lwe-corrosion yendawo ephuma kwindawo encinci ye-microscopic apho imimandla emibini yesinyithi ine-ion concentrations.
Kwiindawo ezinje ngeewasha, iibholiti, kunye namalungu anetrafikhi encinci evumela i-acidic agents ukuba zingene, olu hlobo lomhlwa luya kwenzeka. Ubungakanani obuncitshisiweyo be-oksijini bubangelwa ukungabikho kokujikeleza, ngoko ke inkqubo ye-passive ingenzeki. Ibhalansi ye-pH ye-aperture iyachaphazeleka kwaye ibangela ukungalingani phakathi kwale ndawo kunye nomhlaba wangaphandle. Enyanisweni, oku kubangela amazinga aphezulu e-corrosion kwaye inokwandiswa ngamaqondo obushushu aphantsi. Ukusebenzisa idizayini efanelekileyo yokudibanisa ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwe-corrosion yindlela enye yokuthintela le ndlela yokubola.

Electrochemical Corrosion
Ukuba untywiliselwe kwisisombululo esihlwayo okanye esihambisayo, iintsimbi ezimbini ezahlukeneyo ze-electrochemically ziyadibana, zenze ukuhamba kwee-electron phakathi kwazo. Ngenxa yokuba isinyithi esinokuqina okuncinci yi-anode, isinyithi esinokumelana ne-corrosion encinci sihlala sichaphazeleka ngakumbi. Olu hlobo lomhlwa lubizwa ngokuba yi-galvanic corrosion okanye i-bimetallic corrosion.