1. Isishwankathelo seemveliso ezipikiweyo: Iipleyiti zentsimbi ezipikiweyo zenziwe ngeekhoyili zentsimbi ezishushu. Emva kokukhethwa, umgangatho ophezulu kunye neemfuno zokusetyenziswa kweepleyiti zensimbi ezikhethiweyo ziyimveliso ephakathi phakathi kweeplate zetsimbi ezishushu ezishushu kunye neentsimbi ezibandayo. Xa kuthelekiswa neepleyiti zentsimbi ezishushu eziqengqelekayo, iingenelo zeepleyiti zentsimbi ezipikiweyo ikakhulu: umgangatho olungileyo womphezulu, ukuchaneka komgangatho ophezulu, ukuphuculwa komphezulu wokugqiba, ukuphuculwa kwempembelelo yenkangeleko, kunye nokuncipha kokungcoliseka kwendalo okubangelwa kukuchongwa okuchithwa-chithwa ngumsebenzisi. Ukongeza, xa kuthelekiswa neemveliso eziqengqelekayo ezishushu, iimveliso ezithathiweyo kulula ukuzidibanisa ngenxa yokuba isikali se-oksidi yomphezulu sisusiwe, kwaye sikwanceda kunyango lomphezulu olunje ngokuthambisa nokupeyinta. Ngokubanzi, umgangatho womphezulu womgangatho weemveliso eziqengqelekayo yi-FA, iimveliso ezithathiweyo yi-FB, kunye neemveliso eziqengqelekayo yi-FB/FC/FD. Iimveliso ezivundiweyo zinokuthatha indawo yeemveliso eziqengqelekisiweyo ezibandayo ukuze zenze iindawo ezithile, oko kukuthi, ubushushu buthatha indawo yokubanda.

2. Iziphene eziqhelekileyo kwiipleyiti zentsimbi ezivutshiweyo:
Iziphene eziqhelekileyo zeepleyiti zentsimbi ezipikiweyo kwinkqubo yayo yokuvelisa ubukhulu becala: ukufakwa kwesikali se-oxide, amabala e-oksijini (umzobo we-landscape yomhlaba), ukugoba esinqeni (ukuprintwa okuthe tye), imikrwelo, amabala atyheli, ukucholwa ngaphantsi, ukucolwa ngokugqithisileyo, njl. Qaphela: Iziphene zinxulunyaniswa neemfuno zemigangatho okanye izivumelwano Kuphela ezo zingafikeleliyo kwiimfuno ezibizwa ngokuba ziziphene, iziphene zisetyenziswa apha ukuze kuthathelwe indawo uhlobo oluthile lwemofoloji.
2.1 I-Iron oxide indentation yesikali: Ukufakwa kwesikali se-iron oxide sisiphene somgangatho owenziwe ngexesha lokuqengqeleka okushushu. Emva kokuchola, kudla ngokucinezelwa ngendlela yamachaphaza amnyama okanye imicu emide, enomhlaba orhabaxa, ngokuqhelekileyo ngokuziva ngesandla, kwaye ibonakala ngokungaqhelekanga okanye exineneyo.
Izizathu zesikali se-iron oxide zinxulumene nezinto ezininzi, ikakhulu le miba ilandelayo: ukufudumeza kwiziko lokufudumeza, inkqubo yokwehla, inkqubo yokuqengqeleka, imathiriyeli yokuqengqeleka, kunye nelizwe, ilizwe eliqengqelekayo, kunye nesicwangciso sokuqengqeleka.
Amanyathelo okulawula: Lungiselela inkqubo yokufudumeza, ukwandisa inani lokupasa kwe-descaling, kwaye ukhangele rhoqo kwaye ugcine i-roller kunye ne-roller, ukwenzela ukuba umgca wokujikeleza ugcinwe kwimeko efanelekileyo.
2.2 Amabala eoksijini (iziphene zokupeyinta imbonakalo yomhlaba): Iziphene zamachaphaza eoksijini zibhekiselele kwimopholoji emile njengechokoza, enomgca, okanye emile okwemingxuma eshiywe emva kokuba isikali se-iron oxide esikumphezulu wekhoyili eshushu sihlanjiwe. Ngembonakalo, ibonakala njengamabala ombala ongaqhelekanga. Ngenxa yokuba imilo ifana nomzobo we-landscape, ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-landscape peyinti isiphene. Ngokubonakalayo, yipateni emnyama eneencopho ezingapheliyo, ezisasazwa ngokupheleleyo okanye ngokuyinxenye kumphezulu wepleyiti yentsimbi. Ngokwesiseko sisikali sentsimbi eneoksijini, engumaleko wezinto ezidada phezu komphezulu, ngaphandle kokuchukumisa, kwaye inokuba mnyama okanye ibe khaphukhaphu ngombala. Inxalenye emnyama inobunzima, kwaye inempembelelo ethile kwimbonakalo emva kwe-electrophoresis, kodwa ayichaphazeli ukusebenza.
Unobangela wamabala e-oksijini (iziphene zokupeyinta i-landscape): Undoqo wesi siphene kukuba isikali sentsimbi ene-oxidized kumphezulu we-hot-rolled strip asisuswanga ngokupheleleyo, kwaye sicinezelwe kwi-matrix emva kokuqengqeleka okulandelayo, kwaye sime ngaphandle emva kokuchola. .
Amanyathelo okulawula amabala e-oksijini: nciphisa iqondo lobushushu lentsimbi kwiziko lokufudumeza, nyusa inani leepaseji zokuqengqeleka ezirhabaxa, kunye nokwandisa inkqubo yokupholisa amanzi yokupholisa.
2.3 Ukugotywa kwesinqe: Ukugotywa kwesinqe kukushwabana okunqamlezayo, ukugoba, okanye indawo yerheological perpendicular to rolling direction. Inokubonwa ngeliso lenyama xa ityhilwa, kwaye inokuviwa ngesandla ukuba inzima.
Iimbangela zokugoba esinqeni: Intsimbi ephantsi kwekhabhoni ye-aluminiyam ene-aluminiyam eneqonga lemveliso. Xa i-coil yensimbi ivuliwe, isiphumo sokuguqulwa kwesivuno senzeke phantsi kwesenzo soxinzelelo lokugoba, oluguqula ukugoba okulinganayo kwasekuqaleni kwi-bend engalinganiyo, okubangelwa ukugoba esinqeni.
2.4 Amabala atyheli: Amabala atyheli avela kwicala lomcu okanye kumphezulu wonke wepleyiti yentsimbi, engenako ukugqunywa emva kokuthambisa, okuchaphazela inkangeleko yomgangatho wemveliso.
Oonobangela bamabala atyheli: Umsebenzi womphezulu womgca ophuma nje kwitanki yokuchola uphezulu, amanzi okuhlanjwa ayasilela ukudlala indima yokuhlanjululwa kwesiqhelo komcu, kwaye umphezulu womgca uneoksijini kwaye ube tyheli; i-spray beam kunye ne-nozzle yetanki yokuhlamba ivaliwe, kwaye ii-angles azilingani.
Amanyathelo okulawula amabala aphuzi: ukujonga rhoqo imeko ye-spray beam kunye ne-nozzle, ukucoca umbhobho; ukuqinisekisa uxinzelelo lwamanzi okuhlamba, njl.
2.5 Imikrwelo: Kukho ubunzulu obuthile bemikrwelo kumphezulu, kwaye imilo ayiqhelekanga, nto leyo echaphazela umgangatho womphezulu wemveliso.
Izinto ezibangela imikrwelo: uxinzelelo lweloop engafanelekanga; ukunxitywa kwelinen enayiloni; imilo engalunganga yepleyiti yentsimbi engenayo; i-coiling ekhululekileyo yendandatho yangaphakathi yekhoyili eshushu, njl.
Amanyathelo okulawula imikrwelo: 1) Ukwandisa ukunyanzeliswa kwe-loop ngokufanelekileyo; 2) Jonga imeko yomgangatho womgca rhoqo, kwaye ubeke indawo yomgca kunye nemeko engaqhelekanga yendawo ngexesha; 3) Lungisa i-coil yentsimbi engenayo kunye ne-plate shape embi kunye nendandatho yangaphakathi ekhululekile.
2.6 I-under-pickling: into ebizwa ngokuba yi-under-pickling ithetha ukuba isikali se-iron oxide yendawo kumphezulu womgca awususwanga ngokucocekileyo kwaye ngokwaneleyo, i-steel plate surface i-gray-black, kwaye kukho izikali zeentlanzi okanye i-ripples yamanzi ethe tye. .
Iimbangela ze-pickling engaphantsi kwe-pickling: Oku kuhambelana nenkqubo yesisombululo se-asidi kunye nemeko yendawo yeplate yensimbi. Izinto eziphambili zenkqubo yokuvelisa ziquka ukungonelanga koxinzelelo lwe-asidi, ubushushu obuphantsi, isantya esikhawulezayo sokusebenza komcu, kunye nomcu awunakuntywiliselwa kwisisombululo se-asidi. Ubukhulu be-coil eshushu ye-iron oxide scale ayilingani, kwaye i-coil yensimbi inemilo yamaza. Ukukhetha ngaphantsi kwe-pickling ngokuqhelekileyo kulula ukwenzeka entloko, umsila, kunye nomphetho we-strip.
Amanyathelo okulawula ukuvuthwa okungaphantsi: lungisa inkqubo yokuchola, ulungise inkqubo eshushu yokuqengqeleka, lawula ubume bomcu, kwaye useke inkqubo enengqiqo.
2.7 Ukuvunwa ngokugqithisileyo: Ukuvunwa ngokugqithisileyo kuthetha ukuvunwa ngokugqithisileyo. Umphezulu womgca uhlala umnyama omnyama okanye umdaka-mnyama, unamabala abhlokhi okanye agqabhukileyo amnyama okanye amthubi, kwaye umphezulu wepleyiti yentsimbi urhabaxa.
Iimbangela zokuvuthwa okugqithisileyo: Ngokuchasene nokuvuthwa ngaphantsi, ukuvuthwa ngokugqithiseleyo kulula ukwenzeka ukuba i-acid concentration iphezulu, ubushushu buphezulu, kwaye isantya sebhanti sicotha. Indawo yokukhetha kakhulu kufuneka ibonakale phakathi kunye nobubanzi bomcu.
Amanyathelo okulawula ukuvuthwa okugqithisileyo: Ukulungelelanisa kunye nokwandisa inkqubo yokukhetha, ukuseka inkqubo yenkqubo efanelekileyo, kwaye uqhube uqeqesho olusemgangathweni ukuphucula umgangatho wokulawula umgangatho.

3. Ukuqonda ulawulo lomgangatho weentsimbi ezikhethiweyo zentsimbi
Xa kuthelekiswa nemicu yentsimbi eshushu-eshushu, imichilo yentsimbi evundiweyo inenkqubo enye kuphela yokukhetha. Ngokuqhelekileyo kukholelwa ukuba kufuneka kube lula ukuvelisa iintambo zensimbi ezikhethiweyo ezinomgangatho ofanelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, uqheliselo lubonisa ukuba ukuqinisekisa umgangatho weemveliso ezikhethiweyo, kungekhona kuphela umgca wokuchola kufuneka ube kwimeko efanelekileyo, kodwa kunye nemveliso kunye nesimo sokusebenza kwenkqubo yangaphambili (i-steelmaking kunye nenkqubo yokuqengqeleka eshushu) kufuneka igcinwe izinzileyo ukuze umgangatho yezixhobo ezingenayo ezishushu eziqengqelekayo zinokuqinisekiswa. Ngoko ke, kuyimfuneko ukuthobela indlela yokulawula umgangatho ohambelanayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba umgangatho wenkqubo nganye ukwimeko eqhelekileyo ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wemveliso yokugqibela.