Unhu hwekushongedza hunoenderana zvakananga nekuchengetedza uye kugadzikana kwechigadzirwa. Saka kuti tive nechokwadi chemhando yezvigadzirwa zvakasungwa, ndedzipi nyaya dzatinofanira kutarisisa?

Kutanga, simbi pombi ukobvu. Mukugadzira uye kushandisa nzira ye welded simbi pombi, ukobvu hwesimbi pombi chinhu chakakosha zvikuru parameter. Nekudaro, nekuda kwekugadzira uye kugadzirisa zvikonzero, panogona kuve nekumwe kutsauka mukukora kwepombi yesimbi. Aya mazinga anotsanangura maparamendi akadai sehukuru, ukobvu, huremu, uye kushivirira kwepombi dzesimbi dzakasungirirwa kuve nechokwadi chemhando uye kuchengetedzeka kwepombi dzesimbi. Kutsauswa mukukora kwepombi dzesimbi dzakasungwa zvinogona kukanganisa kunaka uye kuchengetedzeka kwepombi dzesimbi. Kana kutsauka kwehupamhi hwepombi yesimbi yakakura zvikuru, simba rekutakura mutoro wepombi yesimbi inogona kuderedzwa, nokudaro kukanganisa kuchengeteka uye kugadzikana kwechigadzirwa. Kudzora kutsauka kwehupamhi hwepombi dzesimbi dzakashongedzwa, zviyero zvepasi rose zvinowanzo tsanangura zviyero zvekutsauka kunobvumidzwa kwehukobvu hwemapombi esimbi akasungwa. Mukugadzira uye kushandiswa chaiko, inoda kudzorwa uye kutariswa zvakanyanya nemazinga kuti ive nechokwadi chemhando uye kuchengetedzeka kwepombi dzesimbi. Nyatsodzora ukobvu hwemapombi esimbi. Mapaipi esimbi ezvakatsanangurwa zvakafanana ane ukobvu kushivirira kwe ± 5%. Isu tinonyatso kudzora kunaka kwepombi imwe neimwe yesimbi. Isu tinoitisa bvunzo dzehukobvu pane yega yega pombi dzesimbi kudzivirira zvigadzirwa zvisingaite kuti zvipinde mumusika, kuchengetedza kodzero uye zvido zvevatengi, uye ive nechokwadi Kuchengetedzeka uye kuvimbika kwepombi imwe neimwe yesimbi.

Chechipiri, muromo. Mukuita kwesimbi pombi welding, chimwe chinhu chakakosha kurapwa kwemuromo wepombi yesimbi. Ingave yakakodzera kune welding ichakanganisa zvakanyanya kunaka kweiyo welded chigadzirwa. Kutanga, zvinodikanwa kuchengetedza muromo wepombi yesimbi isina ngura inoyangarara, tsvina, uye girizi. Tsvina idzi dzinokanganisa zvakanyanya kunaka kwewelding, zvichikonzera kusaenzana uye kutsemuka kweiyo weld panguva yewelding process, uye kunyange kukanganisa iyo yese welded chigadzirwa. Smooth cross-section zvakare inyaya yakakosha inofanirwa kuitwa pamberi pewelding. Kana iyo yepakati-chikamu inclination angle yakakura kwazvo, butt welding yepombi yesimbi ichakotamiswa uye kona ichaonekwa, izvo zvinokanganisa kushandiswa. Panguva yekuputika, iwe unofanirwawo kutarisa mabhura uye zvibatanidzwa pakuputsika kwepombi yesimbi, kana zvisina kudaro, kusungirirwa hakugoneki. Mabhura pamapombi esimbi anogona kukwenya vashandi uye kukuvadza zvipfeko zvavo panguva yekugadziriswa, izvo zvinokanganisa zvakanyanya kuchengetedzwa. Tichifunga nezvematambudziko emushandisi welding, tekinoroji yekugadzirisa tekinoroji yakawedzerwa kune iyo nzira kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti nozzle interface yakatsetseka, yakapfava, uye isina burr-isina. Munguva yewelding, hapana chikonzero chekucheka zvakare muromo, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kune vashandisi kupinza weld mukushandiswa kwemazuva ese. Kuitwa kweichi chiitiko hakungogone kuderedza kutambisa zvinhu zvatakamboona panguva yewelding, asi zvakare kuwedzera hunyanzvi hwekugadzira, kuderedza deformation yewelding, uye nekuwedzera kunatsiridza kunaka kwechigadzirwa.

Chechitatu, welded simbi pombi welds zvinoreva welds akaumbwa panguva welding process yesimbi pombi. Unhu hwesimbi yesimbi welds inobata zvakananga kushanda uye kuchengeteka kwepombi dzesimbi. Kana paine kukanganisa mupombi yesimbi weld, senge pores, slag inclusions, kuputika, nezvimwewo, zvinokanganisa kusimba uye kuiswa chisimbiso chepombi yesimbi, zvichikonzera matambudziko akadai sekudonha mapoinzi uye kuputsika mupombi yesimbi panguva yekugadzira simbi. , nokudaro kukanganisa kunaka uye kuchengeteka kwechigadzirwa. Nokudaro, panguva yekugadzirwa uye kushandiswa kwepombi dzesimbi, kusimba kwehutano hwehutano uye kuongororwa kwesimbi pombi welds inotarisirwa kuve nechokwadi chehutano uye kuchengeteka kwepombi dzesimbi. Kuti tive nechokwadi chemhando yewelding, isu tinonyanya kuwedzera turbine welding yekuona michina kumutsara wekugadzira kuti uone mamiriro ewelding epombi imwe neimwe yesimbi. Munguva yekugadzira, kana matambudziko ewelding akaitika, isu tichakurumidza kufonera mapurisa kudzivirira zvigadzirwa zvinonetsa kuti zvipinzwe munyika, mune yakapedzwa chigadzirwa package. Kuyedza kusiri-kuparadza, kuongororwa kwemetallographic, kuyedza zvivakwa zvemuchina, nezvimwewo zvinoitwa pabheti rega rega repombi dzesimbi dzakatumirwa kubva kufekitori kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti vatengi vepasi havatambure nekusagadzikana kwekuita kwechigadzirwa uye kunonoka kufambira mberi mukushanda kwewelding nekuda kwematambudziko epombi yesimbi panguva. kugadzirisa mabasa.