Izinto zesinyithi xa amandla angaphandle edlula umda wesivuno, uya kuvelisa i-deformation yeplastiki esisigxina, engumgaqo osisiseko weukugoba ityhubhu.Ukugoba ityhubhu, udonga lwangaphandle ngenxa yokwelula kunye nokuncipha koxinzelelo lwangaphakathi ngenxa yokuqina, kuba ngenxa yokolula kunye nokunyanzeliswa, kwaye kwinkqubo yokugoba, icandelo letyhubhu elinqamlezayo litshintshile, utshintsho kwisetyhula ukuya kwindawo. intsingiselo yeellipse.

Indlela yokugoba ityhubhu yahlulwe yaba ziindidi ezimbini zokugoba nokugoba okubandayo, kubanda kubushushu begumbi kunye nomatshini wokugoba wengqiniba ngokuthe ngqo, ukugoba wafunxa inxalenye egobileyo yombhobho ufudunyezwa kubushushu obuthile, kwaye ke umatshini (umatshini wokugoba umbhobho) okanye ngesandla ingqiniba.Intsimbi epholileyo ayibonakalisi indalo yokuqala, ayivelisi i-thermal deformation.Kodwa iingqiniba ezenziwe ngokubanda kufuneka zisebenzise amandla angakumbi, kwaye ukuphindaphinda kunye noxinzelelo olushiyekileyo lunokwanda okubaluleke ngakumbi, kodwa hayi ukugoba iradiyasi yokugoba kweentloko ezincinci ezibukhali ezijikayo.Ukugoba akunakuthelekiswa nokuziqhelanisa okubandayo.

Ukugoba kunye ne-welding ngokuhambelana nomyalelo, inkqubo yokugoba inokwahlulwa ibe "i-bending yokuqala kunye ne-welding" kunye "emva kokugoba kwe-weld yokuqala" kwiinkqubo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zokugoba.Okubizwa ngokuba "ukugoba kokuqala kunye ne-welding," kusekelwe kwiiparitha ezahlukeneyo zombhobho wetyhubhu okanye umzobo onjengentonga yokucubungula ebonelelweyo, ukugoba ityhubhu yokuqala.Kwaye ke kwi-SAMS okanye iqonga le-SAMS lokubeka i-tube flange yokudibanisa izincedisi, umsebenzi welding.Gqiba ubude bombhobho othe ngqo wokusika iinxalenye ze-machining ngokomzobo okanye iintonga zeetyhubhu zesampuli, impazamo xa uqwalasela i-elbow, ukusika ubude benkqubo yokubeka isibonelelo jikelele."First weld bend" isekelwe kubude betyhubhu ukuzoba ubungakanani bomgca wombhobho wexabiso lemveliso yekhompyuter yedayagram yamalungu, i-angle ehambelanayo ye-flange screw K, i-angle ye-flange screw kunye neprogram ye-NC kunye nothotho lwedatha yokucubungula, usebenzisa akukho umda phantsi kwezinto, okokuqala eqongeni okanye umatshini we-SAMS ubekwe iiflange zemibhobho ethe tye, ukuwelda, kwaye emva koko umsebenzi wokugoba.