1. Ihe nlere igwe anaghị agba nchara magnetik (MT) ma ọ bụ ule nlegharị anya magnetik (EMI)

Ụkpụrụ nchọpụta dabere na ihe ferromagnetic a na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe magnetized na mpaghara magnetik, nkwụsị nke ihe ma ọ bụ ngwaahịa (mmebi), nkwụsị nke magnetik flux, magnet powder adsorption (ma ọ bụ onye nchọpụta chọpụtara) ekpughere (ma ọ bụ gosipụtara na ngwá ọrụ).Enwere ike iji usoro a naanị maka ihe ferromagnetic ma ọ bụ n'elu ma ọ bụ n'akụkụ dị nso na-anwale ngwaahịa.

2. enweghị nkebi nchara tube penetration ule (PT)

Na-agụnye fluorescent, agba n'ụzọ abụọ.N'ihi ọrụ ya dị mfe, dịkwa mma, bụ maka enweghị nyocha ihe nleba anya magnetik dị irè ụzọ maka ntụpọ elu.A na-ejikarị ya maka nyocha ntụpọ elu nke ihe na-abụghị magnetik.

A na-enyocha ụkpụrụ nke fluoroscopy ngwaahịa ga-emikpu n'ime mmiri ọkụ fluorescent, n'ihi ihe omume capillary nke tubes ígwè enweghị nkebi, jupụtara na mmiri fluorescent na ntụpọ ahụ, kpochapụ mmiri mmiri n'elu, n'ihi mmetụta ọkụ na-ebute, fluorescent mmiri n'okpuru. Ìhè ultraviolet kpughere ntụpọ.

Nleba anya penetrant nke tiori na ụkpụrụ nke fluoroscopy yiri ya.Ọ dịghị mkpa maka akụrụngwa pụrụ iche, jiri naanị ntụpọ Imaging ntụ ntụ adsorption na agba mmiri mmiri na ntụpọ n'elu ngosipụta.

3. enweghị nkebi nchara anwụrụ ultrasonic test (UT)

Usoro a bụ iji ultrasonic vibration chọta ihe ma ọ bụ akụkụ n'ime (ma ọ bụ n'elu) ntụpọ.Dabere na ultrasonic usoro vibration nwere ike kewaa n'ime CW na pulsed ife;dị ka ụdịdị dị iche iche nke vibration na propagation nwere ike kewaa p-efegharị na s-efegharị na elu ebili mmiri na atụrụ ebili mmiri 4 ụdị na workpiece gbasaa;dị ka ụda dị iche iche nnyefe na ọnọdụ nnabata, ma nwee ike kewaa n'ime otu nyocha na nyocha.

4. Igwe anaghị agba nchara maka ule Eddy ugbu a (ET)

Nchọpụta Eddy ugbu a nke oghere ndọta ọzọ na-emepụta otu ugboro nke Eddy ugbu a na metal, na-eji Eddy-ugbu a nha mmekọrịta dị n'etiti resistivity nke dara ihe na ịchọpụta ntụpọ.Mgbe nrụrụ elu (mgbawa), resistivity ga-abawanye ọnụnọ nke ntụpọ, jikọtara ya na Eddy-ugbu a na-ebelata ya, obere mgbanwe mgbe mmụba nke Eddy ugbu ngwá gosiri, ga-enwe ike igosi ịdị adị na size nke ntụpọ.

5. enweghị nkebi nchara tube radiographic ule (RT)

Otu n'ime ụzọ mbụ nke ule na-adịghị emebi emebi, bụ nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe na ígwè na ihe ndị na-abụghị ígwè na ngwaahịa maka ule nrụrụ dị n'ime, ọ dịkarịa ala ihe karịrị afọ 50 akụkọ ihe mere eme.Ọ nwere uru na-enweghị atụ, ya bụ ule nyocha, ntụkwasị obi na nghọta, redio na a ga-eji ya mee ihe maka nyocha ntụpọ yana dịka akwụkwọ ndekọ aha dị mma.Ma n'ụzọ dị otú a, enwere mgbagwoju anya karị, ọnụ ahịa dị elu, ma kwesịrị ịṅa ntị na nchebe radieshon.