Ngwa & Nkọwapụta (enweghị nkebi):

Ọgwụgwọ ọkụ nke ọkpọkọ nchara na-enweghị ntụpọ:

(1) oyi adọta ígwè annealing: na-ezo aka na metal ihe na-ewe iwe ọkụ na kwesịrị ekwesị okpomọkụ, ịnọgide na-enwe a ụfọdụ oge, na mgbe ahụ nwayọọ nwayọọ mma okpomọkụ ọgwụgwọ usoro.Usoro mgbakasị ahụ a na-ahụkarị bụ: iweghachite recrystallization annealing, mbelata nchekasị, ịgbatị bọọlụ, kpochapu nke ọma na ihe ndị ọzọ.Ebumnuche nke annealing: tumadi iji belata ike nke ígwè ihe, iji melite plasticity, ma ọ bụ ịcha nhazi ka Liqie nrụgide nhazi, belata residual nrụgide na melite uniformity nke microstructure na mejupụtara, okpomọkụ ọgwụgwọ, mgbe o kwere omume ma ọ bụ anụ ahụ nkwadebe.

(2) oyi adọta ígwè normalizing: na-ezo aka kpo oku nke ígwè ma ọ bụ ígwè na Ac3 ma ọ bụ Acm (oké okpomọkụ nke ígwè) n'elu 30 ~ 50℃, mgbe oge kwesịrị ekwesị na-ajụ oyi na ikuku na usoro ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ.Ebumnuche nke normalizing: tumadi iji melite n'ibu Njirimara nke obere carbon ígwè iji melite machinability, ọka ukpụhọde, mkpochapụ nke anụ ahụ ntụpọ, kwadebe maka okpomọkụ ọgwụgwọ, mgbe anụ ahụ nkwadebe.

(3) oyi adọta ígwè hardening: na-ezo aka kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ nchara Ac3 ma ọ bụ Ac1 (ala dị egwu okpomọkụ nke ígwè) n'elu a ụfọdụ okpomọkụ ruo oge ụfọdụ, mgbe ahụ kwesịrị ekwesị jụrụ ọnụego inweta martensite (ma ọ bụ shellfish Heat ọgwụgwọ si ahu) anụ ahụ.Usoro imenyụ ịsa ahụ nnu a na-ahụkarị esiwo ike, quenching martensitic, Austempering, ike elu elu yana imenyụ akụkụ.Quenching nzube: ime ka ígwè dị mkpa iji nweta martensite melite workpiece hardness, ike na-eyi eguzogide, okpomọkụ ọgwụgwọ, mgbe kwadebere maka nzukọ na nkwadebe.

(4) nchara na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ: na mgbe ígwè siri ike, wee kpoo ọkụ n'okpuru Ac1, na-ejide oge ụfọdụ, wee mee ka ọ dị jụụ na ụlọ okpomọkụ, usoro ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ.Usoro iwe ọkụ nkịtị bụ: iwe ọkụ, iwe ọkụ, iwe ọkụ na ọtụtụ iwe ọkụ.Ebumnuche nke iwe iwe: tumadi ígwè na-ewepụ nchekasị a na-emepụta n'oge a na-emenyụ, ígwè ahụ na-enwe ike siri ike ma na-eyi nguzogide, ma nweekwa plasticity na ike siri ike achọrọ.

(5) Oyi adọta ígwè emenyụ: na-ezo aka quenching na tempering nke ígwè ma ọ bụ ihe mejupụtara ígwè okpomọkụ ọgwụgwọ usoro.A na-eji quenching kwuru nchara emenyụ na nchara dị ọkụ.Ọ n'ozuzu na-ezo aka na carbon Ọdịdị nke carbon ígwè na alloy ígwè.

(6) oyi adọrọ ígwè chemical ọgwụgwọ: na-ezo aka na metal ma ọ bụ alloy workpieces etinye na a mgbe nile okpomọkụ nke nọ n'ọrụ ọkara okpomọkụ, nke mere na otu ma ọ bụ ọtụtụ ọcha n'ime ya elu ịgbanwe ya chemical mejupụtara, microstructure na Njirimara nke okpomọkụ ọgwụgwọ usoro. .Usoro ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ nke kemịkalụ a na-ahụkarị bụ: carburizing, nitriding, carbonitriding, aluminized boron penetration.Ebumnuche nke ọgwụgwọ kemịkalụ: Isi bụ imeziwanye ike nchara nchara, iyi nguzogide, nguzogide corrosion, ike ike ọgwụgwụ na nguzogide oxidation.

(7) oyi mmasị ígwè ngwọta ọgwụgwọ: na alloy na-ewe iwe na elu okpomọkụ otu-adọ mpaghara ịnọgide na-enwe mgbe nile okpomọkụ, nke mere na ngafe frasi n'ụzọ zuru ezu etisasịwo n'ime siri ike ngwọta mgbe ngwa ngwa jụrụ, iji nweta n'elu supersaturated. ngwọta siri ike usoro ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ.Ebumnuche nke ọgwụgwọ ngwọta: tumadi iji melite ductility na siri ike nke ígwè na alloys, iji kwadebe maka ọgwụgwọ siri ike mmiri ozuzo na ihe ndị ọzọ.

A na-emepụta mkpuchi phosphate maka ịbịaru tubing ugbu a na ịdị arọ nke 4-10

g/m².Nke a emewo ka arụmọrụ nke ọgwụgwọ dị elu dịkwuo mma ma, n'otu oge ahụ, zere mmetụta ọjọọ nke na-eme na nhazi mbụ nke eserese ebe a na-ahụ mkpuchi mkpuchi-crystalline phosphate.Ihe mkpuchi kachasị dabara adaba dabere na nitrate / nitrite accelerated zinc hosphate, nke emere na 40-75.°C. Na nsọtụ elu nke oke okpomọkụ a, nhọrọ dị ka iji ụdị nitrate na-eme onwe ya.A na-ahụkwa bat zinc phosphate chlorate accelerated.N'ọnọdụ niile, ụdị phosphate kachasị amasị maka ịbịaru oyi nke tube na ngalaba na-akwadosi ike mana ọ dị nro.Na eserese nke tubing welded, eriri ahụ ga-ebu ụzọ gbadaa.N'ihe banyere obere dayametatubing, nke a agaghị ekwe omume n'ime igwe ịgbado ọkụ.N'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, enwere ike ịnwe nrụrụ iji nye otu akụkụ obe.Ebe ọ bụ na, dị ka a na-achị, obere deformations nwere ike anabataghị site welded, megidere

tubing enweghị nkebi, ojiji nke phosphating bụ ebe niile, mkpuchi mkpuchi bụ 1.5 - 5 g / m².Ndị a na-adaberekarị na baths zinc phosphate arụ ọrụ n'etiti 50 na 75°C na mgbakwunye na-eji akwalite thinner coatings. A na-ejikwa phosphating maka tubing nke un-alloyed ma ọ bụ obere alloyed ígwè na chromium ọdịnaya ruo 4-6% .Mkpuchi dị otú ahụ na-enye ọtụtụ uru, ihe niile na-esite na mbelata metal-to- kọntaktị metal n'etiti tubes na-anwụ anwụ.Ya mere, mmebi ịgbado ọkụ oyi, nke na-eduga n'ichebe ma ọ bụ mgbape, na-ebelata, a na-agbatị ndụ ngwá ọrụ na ndụ anwụ ma nwee ike iji ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu mee ihe.Ihe mkpuchi zinc phosphate na-enyekwa ohere ka ukwuu nke mbelata kwa ngafe.

A na-eme ọgwụgwọ elu site na imikpu n'ime ahịrị ndị a:

•Na-ebelata alkaline.

•Ntucha mmiri.

•A na-etinye ya na sulfuric ma ọ bụ hydrochloric acid.

•Ntucha mmiri.

•Neutralizing tupu itucha.

•Phosphate.

•Ntucha mmiri

•Na-anọpụ iche itucha.

•mmanu mmanu.

•Nhicha na nchekwa.