1. ʻAʻole ʻeleʻele ke kila kila, hana pū ia i ka oxide ma ka ʻili.

ʻO ke ʻano hana ʻole o nā kila kila a pau i kēia manawa ma ka mākeke ma muli o ke kū ʻana o Cr.ʻO ke kumu nui o ke kūpaʻa ʻana o ke kila kila ʻo ia ka manaʻo kiʻiʻoniʻoni passive.ʻO ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni passivation i kapa ʻia he kiʻi ʻoniʻoni lahilahi i haku ʻia me Cr2O3 ma ka ʻili o ke kila kila.Ma muli o ke ola ʻana o kēia kiʻiʻoniʻoni, ua pale ʻia ka corrosion o ka substrate stainless steel ma nā ʻano media like ʻole, a ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻano he passivation.

ʻElua mau kūlana no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kēia ʻano kiʻiʻoniʻoni passivation.ʻO kekahi, ʻo ia ka mea hiki ke hoʻololi iā ia iho.Hoʻonui kēia hiki i ka passivation ponoʻī me ka piʻi ʻana o ka maʻi chromium, no laila ke kū nei ka pale;ʻO kekahi ʻano ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻokumu ʻana, ʻo ia ka hana ʻana i ke kila kuhiliʻole i kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni passive i ke kaʻina o ka ʻino ʻia i loko o nā ʻano wai like ʻole (electrolytes) e pale ai i ka pala.Ke pōʻino ke kiʻi passivation, hiki ke hana koke i kahi kiʻi passivation hou.

ʻO ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni passivation stainless steel ka hiki ke pale i ka corrosion, aia ʻekolu mau hiʻohiʻona: ʻo ka mea mua, ʻo ka mānoanoa o ke kiʻi passivation he lahilahi loa, ma ke ʻano he mau microns wale nō ma lalo o ke kūlana o ka chromium content> 10.5%;ʻO ka lua o ka'umekaumaha kiko'ī o ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni passivation ʻOi aku ka nui ma mua o ka'umekaumaha kiko'ī o ka substrate;ʻO kēia mau hiʻohiʻonaʻelua e hōʻike ana he lahilahi a paʻakikī ke kiʻi passivation, no laila, paʻakikī ke komoʻana o ke kiʻi passivation e ka mea corrosive e hoʻopau koke i ka substrate;ʻO ke kolu o ka hiʻohiʻona ʻo ka chromium concentration ratio o ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni passivation ʻOi aku ka substrate ma mua o ʻekolu mau manawa kiʻekiʻe;no laila, ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni passivation i kiʻekiʻe corrosion kū'ē.

2. E ʻino ʻia ke kila kila ma lalo o kekahi mau kūlana.

He paʻakikī loa ka hoʻohana ʻana o ke kila kila, a ʻaʻole hiki i ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni chromium oxide passivation ke hoʻokō i nā koi o ke kūpaʻa corrosion kiʻekiʻe.No laila, pono e hoʻohui i nā mea e like me ka molybdenum (Mo), keleawe (Cu), nitrogen (N), a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i ke kila e like me nā kūlana hoʻohana like ʻole e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka haku mele o ka passivation film a hoʻomaikaʻi hou i ka pale ʻana o ka corrosion. kila kohu ʻole.ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana iā Mo, no ka mea, ua kokoke ka huahana corrosion MoO2- i ka substrate, hoʻoikaika ikaika ia i ka passivation hui a pale i ka corrosion o ka substrate;ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana o Cu e hana i ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni passive ma luna o ka ʻili o ke kila kila i loaʻa ʻo CuCl, i hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia no ka mea ʻaʻole ia e launa pū me ke ʻano corrosive.Ke kū'ē i ka corrosion;hoʻohui ʻia ʻo N, no ka mea ua hoʻonui ʻia ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni passivation me Cr2N, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka neʻe ʻana o Cr i ka kiʻi passivation, a laila e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka pale ʻana o ke kila kila.

ʻO ke kūpaʻa corrosion o ke kila kila.ʻO ke kila kila kila ke kūpale i ka ʻino ma kekahi ʻano, akā hiki ke pōʻino ma kekahi ʻano.I ka manawa like, pili pū ke kūpaʻa corrosion o ke kila kila.A hiki i kēia manawa, ʻaʻohe kila kuhiliʻole i ʻole ʻino loa i nā wahi āpau.

3. ʻO ka manaʻo ʻike.

Loaʻa i ke kila kila ʻole Cr a hana i kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni chromium oxide ma ka ʻili, e nalowale ana ka hana kemika a ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he mokuʻāina passivated.Eia nō naʻe, inā hele ka ʻōnaehana austenitic i ka pae wela o 475 ~ 850 ℃, e hui pū ʻo C me Cr e hana i ka chromium carbide (Cr23C6) a hoʻoheheʻe i ka aniani.No laila, ua hoʻemi nui ʻia ka maʻiʻo Cr kokoke i ka palena ʻai, a lilo i ʻāina ʻilihune Cr.I kēia manawa, e hoʻemi ʻia kona kūpaʻa ʻana i ka corrosion, a ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o nā kaiapuni corrosive, no laila ua kapa ʻia ʻo sensitization.ʻO ka sensitization ka mea hiki ke ʻino i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka waika oxidizing.Eia kekahi, aia nā ʻāpana i hoʻopili ʻia i ka wela a me nā wahi hoʻoili wela wela.

4. No laila, ma lalo o nā kūlana hea e ʻino ai ke kila kila?

ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo,ʻaʻole pono ka'ōpala i ke kila kila, akā,ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o kona corrosion ma mua o nā kila'ē aʻe ma lalo o ka'ōpuni hoʻokahi, a i kekahi manawa hiki ke mālamaʻoleʻia.