Kuʻekuʻe lima
Ke Kaʻina Hana Kuʻekuʻe Seamless (Heat Bending & Cold Bending)
ʻO kekahi o nā ala maʻamau no ka hana ʻana i nā kuʻekuʻe ke hoʻohana ʻana i ka mandrel wela wela mai nā paipu kila pololei.Ma hope o ka hoʻomehana ʻana i ka paipu kila i kahi mahana kiʻekiʻe, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka paipu, hoʻonui ʻia, hoʻopiʻi ʻia e nā mea hana o loko o ka mandrel i kēlā me kēia pae.Ke noi ʻana i ka piko wela mandrel hiki ke hana i kahi ākea ākea kuʻe lima ʻole.ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ka mandrel bending e hilinaʻi nui ʻia i ke ʻano intergrated a me nā ana o ka mandrel.ʻO nā pōmaikaʻi o nā kuʻekuʻe kuʻe wela, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka mānoanoa a me ka ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka radius kuʻekuʻe ma mua o nā ʻano methond ʻē aʻe.Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kuʻekuʻe ma kahi o nā wili prefabricated e hōʻemi nui i ka nui o nā welds e pono ai.Hoʻemi kēia i ka nui o ka hana e pono ai a hoʻonui i ka maikaʻi a me ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā paipu.Eia naʻe, ʻo ke kuʻi anu ʻo ia ke kaʻina hana e hoʻopiʻi ai i ka paipu kila pololei i nā mahana maʻamau i loko o ka mīkini kuʻi.He kūpono ke kulou anuanu no nā paipu me ke anawaena o waho o 17.0 a 219.1 mm, a me ka mānoanoa o ka paia 2.0 a 28.0 mm.ʻO 2.5 x Do ka radius piko i ʻōlelo ʻia.ʻO ka maʻamau ma kahi radius piko o 40D.Ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kuʻekuʻe anuanu, hiki iā mākou ke loaʻa nā kuʻe lima liʻiliʻi, akā pono mākou e hoʻopaʻa i ka loko me ke one e pale ai i ka wrinkling.ʻO ke kuʻi anu he ala wikiwiki a kūʻai ʻole.He koho hoʻokūkū no ka hana ʻana i nā pipeline a me nā ʻāpana mīkini.
Ka Hana Hana Kuʻekuʻe Welded (Liʻiliʻi & Nui)
Hana ʻia nā kuʻekuʻe kuʻekuʻe mai nā papa kila, no laila ʻaʻole ia he mau kuʻe lima kila.E hoʻohana i ka ʻōpala a kaomi i ka pā kila i ke ʻano o ke kuʻekuʻe, a laila e wili i ke kuʻekuʻe e lilo i kuʻe lima kila.ʻO ia ke ʻano hana kahiko o nā kuʻekuʻe.ʻO nā makahiki i hala iho nei ua aneane hana ʻia nā kuʻekuʻe liʻiliʻi mai nā paipu kila i kēia manawa.No nā kuʻe lima nui, no ka laʻana, paʻakikī loa ka hana ʻana i nā kuʻekuʻe ma luna o 36" OD mai nā paipu kila.No laila, hana mau ia mai nā papa kila, e kaomi ana i ka pā i ke ʻano o ka hapalua kuʻekuʻe, a me ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā ʻāpana ʻelua.No ka wili ʻia ʻana o nā kuʻekuʻe lima i loko o kona kino, pono ka nānā ʻana i ka hui kuʻi.Hoʻohana maʻamau mākou i ka nānā X-Ray e like me ka NDT.
Nui paipu inoa | Anawaena waho | Ke kikowaena i ka hopena | Ke kikowaena i ke kikowaena | Hoʻi i nā alo | ||||||
45° Kuʻekuʻe lima | 90° Kuʻekuʻe lima | 180° Hoʻi | ||||||||
H | F | P | K | |||||||
DN | INCH | Moʻo A | Māhele B | LR | LR | SR | LR | SR | LR | SR |
15 | 1/2 | 21.3 | 18 | 16 | 38 | - | 76 | - | 48 | - |
20 | 3/4 | 26.9 | 25 | 16 | 38 | - | 76 | - | 51 | - |
25 | 1 | 33.7 | 32 | 16 | 38 | 25 | 76 | 51 | 56 | 41 |
32 | 11/4 | 42.4 | 38 | 20 | 48 | 32 | 95 | 64 | 70 | 52 |
40 | 11/2 | 48.3 | 45 | 24 | 57 | 38 | 114 | 76 | 83 | 62 |
50 | 2 | 60.3 | 57 | 32 | 76 | 51 | 152 | 102 | 106 | 81 |
65 | 21/2 | 76.1(73) | 76 | 40 | 95 | 64 | 191 | 127 | 132 | 100 |
80 | 3 | 88.9 | 89 | 47 | 114 | 76 | 229 | 152 | 159 | 121 |
90 | 31/2 | 101.6 | - | 55 | 133 | 89 | 267 | 178 | 184 | 140 |
100 | 4 | 114.3 | 108 | 63 | 152 | 102 | 305 | 203 | 210 | 159 |
125 | 5 | 139.7 | 133 | 79 | 190 | 127 | 381 | 254 | 262 | 197 |
150 | 6 | 168.3 | 159 | 95 | 229 | 152 | 457 | 305 | 313 | 237 |
200 | 8 | 219.1 | 219 | 126 | 305 | 203 | 610 | 406 | 414 | 313 |
250 | 10 | 273.0 | 273 | 158 | 381 | 254 | 762 | 508 | 518 | 391 |
300 | 12 | 323.9 | 325 | 189 | 457 | 305 | 914 | 610 | 619 | 467 |
350 | 14 | 355.6 | 377 | 221 | 533 | 356 | 1067 | 711 | 711 | 533 |
400 | 16 | 406.4 | 426 | 253 | 610 | 406 | 1219 | 813 | 813 | 610 |
450 | 18 | 457.2 | 478 | 284 | 686 | 457 | 1372 | 914 | 914 | 686 |
500 | 20 | 508.0 | 529 | 316 | 762 | 508 | 1524 | 1016 | 1016 | 762 |
550 | 22 | 559 | - | 347 | 838 | 559 | Nānā: | |||
600 | 24 | 610 | 630 | 379 | 914 | 610 | ||||
650 | 26 | 660 | - | 410 | 991 | 660 | ||||
700 | 28 | 711 | 720 | 442 | 1067 | 711 | ||||
750 | 30 | 762 | - | 473 | 1143 | 762 | ||||
800 | 32 | 813 | 820 | 505 | 1219 | 813 | ||||
850 | 34 | 864 | - | 537 | 1295 | 864 | ||||
900 | 36 | 914 | 920 | 568 | 1372 | 914 | ||||
950 | 38 | 965 | - | 600 | 1448 | 965 | ||||
1000 | 40 | 1016 | 1020 | 631 | 1524 | 1016 | ||||
1050 | 42 | 1067 | - | 663 | 1600 | 1067 | ||||
1100 | 44 | 1118 | 1120 | 694 | 1676 | 1118 | ||||
1150 | 46 | 1168 | - | 726 | 1753 | 1168 | ||||
1200 | 48 | 1220 | 1220 | 758 | 1829 | 1219 |
ASTM A234
Hoʻopili kēia ʻōlelo kikoʻī i ke kila kalapona i hana ʻia a me nā mea kila kila o ka hana ʻole a welded.Inā ʻaʻole i kuhikuhi ʻia ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o ka seamless a welded paha, hiki ke hoʻolako ʻia ma ke koho a ka mea hoʻolako.Hāʻawi ʻia nā mea hana welded a pau e like me kēia maʻamau me 100% radioography.Ma lalo o ka ASTM A234, loaʻa kekahi mau māka ma muli o ka haku mele.E pili ana ke koho ʻana i nā mea paipu i hoʻopili ʻia i kēia mau mea pono.
Nā Koina Tensile | WPB | WPC, WP11CL2 | WP11CL1 | WP11CL3 |
ʻO ka ikaika hoʻopale, min, ksi[MPa] | 60-85 | 70-95 | 60-85 | 75-100 |
(0.2% offset a i ʻole 0.5% hoʻonui-ma lalo o ka ukana) | [415-585] | [485-655] | [415-585] | [520-690] |
Ka ikaika hua, min, ksi[MPa] | 32 | 40 | 30 | 45 |
[240] | [275] | [205] | [310] |
ʻO kekahi o nā māka i loaʻa ma lalo o kēia kikoʻī a me nā kikoʻī mea pili i ka paipu pili i helu ʻia ma lalo nei.
ASTM A403
Hoʻopili kēia kikoʻī i ʻelua papa maʻamau, WP & CR, o nā mea kila kuhili ʻole austenitic i hana ʻia me ka hana ʻole a welded.
Hana ʻia nā lako WP papa e like me nā koi o ASME B16.9 & ASME B16.28 a hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ʻekolu subclasses penei:
- WP - Hana ʻia mai ka huahana ʻole ma ke ʻano hana ʻole.
- WP - W Loaʻa kēia mau mea hoʻohui i nā welds a me nā welds āpau i hana ʻia e ka mea hana kūpono me ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka paipu paipu inā wili ʻia ka paipu me ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā mea hoʻopiha i radiographed.ʻAʻole naʻe i hana ʻia ka lekiō no ka weld paipu hoʻomaka inā wili ʻia ka paipu me ka hoʻohui ʻole ʻia o nā mea hoʻopiha.
- WP-WX Aia kēia mau mea hoʻopili i nā welds a me nā wili a pau inā i hana ʻia e ka mea hana pono a i ʻole e ka mea hana mea hoʻomaka i radiographed.
Hana ʻia nā lako CR papa e like me nā koi o MSS-SP-43 a ʻaʻole koi i ka hoʻokolokolo hoʻopau ʻole.
Ma lalo o ka ASTM A403, loa'a kekahi mau māka ma muli o ka haku melemele.E pili ana ke koho ʻana i nā mea paipu i hoʻopili ʻia i kēia mau mea pono.ʻO kekahi o nā māka i loaʻa ma lalo o kēia kikoʻī a me nā kikoʻī mea pili i ka paipu pili i helu ʻia ma lalo nei.
ASTM A420
Hoʻopili kēia ʻōlelo kikoʻī i ke kila kalapona i hana ʻia a me nā mea kila kila o ka hana ʻole a welded i manaʻo ʻia no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā wela haʻahaʻa.Uhi ia i nā papa ʻehā WPL6, WPL9, WPL3 & WPL8 ma muli o ka haku mele.Hoʻāʻo ʻia nā mea hoʻopili WPL6 ma ka mahana - 50 ° C, WPL9 ma -75 ° C, WPL3 ma -100 ° C a me WPL8 ma -195 ° C wela.
Hiki ke helu ʻia nā helu kaomi i ʻae ʻia no nā mea hoʻopili e like me ka paipu ʻole pololei e like me nā lula i hoʻokumu ʻia ma ka ʻāpana pili o ASME B31.3.
ʻO ka mānoanoa o ka pā paipu a me ke ʻano mea i kauoha ʻia e hoʻohana ʻia, ʻo ko lākou ʻike ma nā mea hoʻopili ke pani i nā hōʻailona helu kaomi.
kila No. | ʻAno | haku mele ʻana | ||||||||||||
C | Si | S | P | Mn | Cr | Ni | Mo | 'ē aʻe | ʻOb | ʻOs | δ5 | HB | ||
WPL6 | 0.3 | 0.15-0.3 | 0.04 | 0.035 | 0.6-1.35 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.12 | Cb:0.02;V:0.08 | 415-585 | 240 | 22 | ||
WPL9 | 0.2 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.4-1.06 | 1.6-2.24 | 435-610 | 315 | 20 | ||||||
WPL3 | 0.2 | 0.13-0.37 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.31-0.64 | 3.2-3.8 | 450-620 | 240 | 22 | |||||
WPL8 | 0.13 | 0.13-0.37 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.9 | 8.4-9.6 | 690-865 | 515 | 16 |
ʻO ka ʻaila Māmā, Pena ʻEleʻele, Galvanizing, PE / 3PE ʻAi ʻAi-corrosion
Hoʻopili ʻia i loko o nā Keʻena Laʻau/Paʻa Laʻau