1. ka ho'āʻo ʻana i nā ʻāpana kila maʻemaʻe (MT) a i ʻole ka hoʻāʻo leakage flux magnetic (EMI)

Hoʻokumu ʻia ke kumu ʻike ʻike i ka mea ferromagnetic i magnetized i loko o kahi māla magnetic, ua hōʻike ʻia ka discontinuity o nā mea a i ʻole nā ​​​​huahana (defect), leakage flux magnetic, magnet powder adsorption (a ʻike ʻia e ka detector) i hōʻike ʻia (a i hōʻike ʻia ma ka mea kani).Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻano hana no nā mea ferromagnetic a i ʻole ka ʻili a i ʻole ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i nā defects kokoke i ka honua.

2. ho'āʻo hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka paipu kila maʻemaʻe (PT)

Loaʻa ka fluorescent, kala ʻia i ʻelua ala.Ma muli o kāna hana maʻalahi a maʻalahi hoʻi, no ka nele o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i nā ʻāpana magnetic i nā ala kūpono no nā hemahema o ka ʻili.Hoʻohana nui ʻia no ka nānā ʻana i nā hemahema o ka ʻili o nā mea non-magnetic.

Hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā kumu o ka fluoroscopy e hoʻokomo ʻia nā huahana i loko o kahi wai fluorescent, ma muli o ke ʻano capillary o nā paipu kila maʻemaʻe, hoʻopiha ʻia me ka wai fluorescent i ka hemahema, e hoʻohemo i ka wai ma luna o ka ʻili, ma muli o nā hopena māmā, fluorescent wai ma lalo. hōʻike ʻia nā hemahema o ka kukui ultraviolet.

Ua like ka nānā ʻana i ka ʻenekini a me nā loina o ka fluoroscopy.ʻAʻole pono nā mea hana kūikawā, e hoʻohana wale i nā hemahema.

3. ho'āʻo kani ultrasonic hoʻāʻo (UT)

ʻO kēia ʻano hana ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka vibration ultrasonic e ʻimi ai i nā mea a i ʻole nā ​​​​ʻāpana o loko (a i ʻole ka ʻili) nā hemahema.Ma muli o ke ʻano haʻalulu kani ultrasonic hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i CW a me ka nalu pulsed;e like me nā ʻano like ʻole o ka haʻalulu a me ka hoʻolaha ʻana hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i loko o ka hawewe-p a me ka hawewe-s a me nā nalu ʻili a me nā nalu hipa 4 puka i loko o ka workpiece pālahalaha;e like me ka hoʻoili leo like ʻole a me nā kūlana hoʻokipa, a hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i hoʻokahi probe a me ka probe.

4. paipu kila maʻemaʻe no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o Eddy i kēia manawa (ET)

ʻO ka ʻike ʻana o Eddy i kēia manawa o ke kahua mākēneki e hoʻohua like i ke alapine like o ka manawa Eddy i ka metala, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka Eddy-current ka pilina nui ma waena o ka resistivity o nā mea metala a me ka ʻike ʻana i nā hemahema.Ke hoʻoemi ʻia ka ʻili (nā māwae), e hoʻonui ka resistivity i ke alo o nā hemahema, e pili ana me Eddy-current i hoʻemi ʻia e like me ia, hoʻololi liʻiliʻi ma hope o ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o nā mea kani Eddy i hōʻike ʻia, e hiki ke hōʻike i ke ola a me ka nui o nā hemahema.

5. ho'āʻo radiographic hoʻāʻo ʻia (RT)

ʻO kekahi o nā ʻano hana mua o ka hoʻāʻo ʻole luku ʻia, hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā mea metala a me nā mea metala ʻole a me nā huahana no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i nā hemahema o loko, ʻoi aku ma mua o 50 mau makahiki.Loaʻa iā ia nā pōmaikaʻi like ʻole, ʻo ia hoʻi nā hemahema hoʻāʻo, hilinaʻi a me ka intuitiveness, radiographic a e hoʻohana ʻia no ka loiloi defect a ma ke ʻano he waihona palapala maikaʻi.Akā ma kēia ala, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kumu kūʻai, a pono e hoʻolohe i ka pale radiation.