Hōʻike kēia ʻatikala i nā hemahema a me nā pilikia o ke kuʻunaflangekaʻina hana forging, a alakaʻi i kahi noiʻi hohonu e pili ana i ke kaʻina hana, ke ʻano hana, ka hoʻokō ʻana i ke kaʻina hana, ka nānā ʻana i ka forging a me ka mālama ʻana i ka wela ma hope o nā flange forgings i hui pū me nā hihia kikoʻī. Hāʻawi ka ʻatikala i kahi hoʻolālā hoʻolālā no ke kaʻina hana flange forging a loiloi i nā pono piha o kēia hoʻolālā. Loaʻa i ka ʻatikala kekahi waiwai kuhikuhi.

ʻO nā hemahema a me nā pilikia o ka hana kuʻuna flange forging

No ka hapa nui o nā ʻoihana forging, ʻo ka manaʻo nui i ke kaʻina hana o ka flange forging ʻo ia ka hoʻopukapuka a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā mea hana forging, ʻoiai ke nānā ʻole ʻia ke kaʻina hana hoʻokuʻu. Wahi a ka noiʻi, hoʻohana maʻamau ka hapa nui o nā hale hana i nā mīkini ʻili i ka wā e hoʻohana ʻia ai lākou, a ʻo ka hapa nui o lākou e hoʻohana i nā mīkini ʻili semi-aunoa a me nā ʻuala. ʻAʻole hoʻohaʻahaʻa wale kēia ʻano i ka pono o ka mea haʻahaʻa, akā loaʻa pū kekahi pilikia nui o ka noho ʻana a ʻike i ka ʻoki ʻana i nā ʻano pollution wai. I ka hana kuʻuna flange forging kaʻina hana maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia i loko o ke kaʻina hana hoʻomaʻamaʻa maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka forging pololei o kēia kaʻina hana, nui ka lole a me ka waimaka o ka make, prone i ke ola haʻahaʻa o ka forgings a me kahi ʻano o nā hanana maikaʻi ʻole. e like me ka make hewa.

Kaʻina hana hoʻoponopono o nā flange forgings

KA MANA ANA I KA PALAPALA

(1) Ka hoomalu ana i na ano hoonohonoho. ʻO ka flange forging ka martensitic stainless steel a me ka austenitic stainless steel e like me nā mea maka, ua koho ʻia kēia pepa 1Cr18Ni9Ti austenitic stainless steel no ka flange forging. ʻAʻole i loaʻa ka hoʻololi isotropic heterocrystalline, inā ua wela a hiki i ka 1000 ℃, hiki ke loaʻa i kahi hui austenitic kūlike. Ma hope iho, inā e hoʻomāʻalili ʻia ke kila kulika wela, a laila hiki ke mālama ʻia ka hui austenitic i loaʻa i ka lumi wela. Inā ʻoluʻolu ka hui, a laila maʻalahi ka ʻike ʻana i ka alpha phase, kahi e hoʻemi nui ʻia ai ke kūlana wela o ke kila kila kila. ʻO ke kila kila kekahi kumu nui no ka luku ʻana i ka corrosion intergranular, ʻo ka mea nui ma muli o ka hana ʻana o ka chromium carbide i ka ʻaoʻao palaoa. No kēia kumu, pono e pale ʻia ke ʻano o ka carburization e like me ka hiki.
(2) Hoʻopili pono i nā kikoʻī hoʻomehana, a me ka hoʻomalu maikaʻi ʻana i ka wela forging. I ka hoʻomehana ʻana i ka 1Cr18Ni9Ti austenitic stainless steel i loko o ka umu, ʻoi loa ka ili o ka mea i ka carburization. I mea e hōʻemi ai i ka hiki ʻana mai o kēia ʻano, pono
E hōʻalo i ka pilina ma waena o ke kila kila a me nā mea i loaʻa ke kalapona. Ma muli o ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka thermal conductivity o 1Cr18Ni9Ti austenitic stainless steel i ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, pono ia e wela mālie. Pono e hoʻokō ʻia ka mana wela wela me ka hoʻokō pono ʻana i ka pihi ma ke Kiʻi 1.

Figure.1 1Cr18Ni9Ti austenitic kuhiliʻole kila wela hoʻomalu
(3) hoʻomalu kaʻina hana flange forging. ʻO ka mea mua, pono e hahai pono i nā koi kaʻina hana e koho pono i ka mea maka no ka mea. Ma mua o ka hoʻomehana ʻana i ka mea pono e nānā pono i ka ʻili o ka mea, e pale aku i nā māwae, ka pelu a me ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka mea maka a me nā pilikia ʻē aʻe. A laila, i ka forging, pono e koi ʻia e hahau māmā i ka mea me ka liʻiliʻi deformation mua, a laila paʻi ikaika i ka wā e piʻi ai ka plasticity o ka mea. I ka wā e huhū ai, pono e hoʻopili ʻia ka ʻaoʻao o luna a me lalo, a laila e palahalaha a paʻi hou i ka ʻāpana.

KA HANA A ME KA MAKE

Inā ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ke anawaena ma mua o 150mm, hiki ke hoʻokumu ʻia ka flange weld butt ma ke ʻano o ke poʻo poʻo wehe me kahi hoʻonohonoho o nā make. E like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ke Kiʻi 2, ma ke ʻano o ka wehe ʻana i ka make, pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o ka blank upsetting a me ka ratio o ka pad die aperture d e hoʻomalu maikaʻi ʻia ma 1.5 - 3.0, ʻo ka radius o ka die hole fillet R ʻo ia. ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o 0.05d - 0.15d, a ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o ka make H he 2mm - 3mm haʻahaʻa ma mua o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka forging he kūpono.

Fig. 2 Open die set method
Ke ʻoi aku ke anawaena ma mua o 150mm, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke koho ʻana i ke ʻano hoʻoheheʻe flange butt o ka flanging apo flanging a me ka extrusion. E like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ka Fig. 3, ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o ka H0 blank he 0.65 (H + h) - 0.8 (H + h) i ke ʻano flanging apo palahalaha. Pono e hoʻokō ʻia ka mana wela wela me ka hoʻokō pono ʻana i ka pihi ma ke Kiʻi 1.

Fig. 3 Ka huli apo palahalaha a me ke ano extrusion

KA HANA A ME KA NANA ANA

I loko o kēia pepa, hoʻohana ʻia ke ʻano ʻāhi kuhili ʻole a hui pū ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kaʻina ʻāhi paʻa e hōʻoia i ka maikaʻi o ka ʻāpana ʻāpana huahana. Ma kahi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kaʻina hana forging open die forging, ua apono ʻia ke ʻano hana forging precision pani. ʻAʻole wale kēia ʻano hana i ka forging
ʻAʻole hoʻomaikaʻi wale kēia ʻano i ka pololei o ka forging, akā hoʻopau pū i ka hiki ke make hewa a hōʻemi i ke kaʻina o ka ʻoki ʻana. ʻAʻole hoʻopau wale kēia ʻano hana i ka ʻai ʻana i ka ʻoki ʻoki, akā hoʻopau pū kekahi i ka pono o nā mea ʻoki ʻoki, make ʻoki ʻoki, a me nā limahana ʻoki ʻoki pili. No laila, ʻo ke kaʻina hana forging precision pani ʻia he mea nui e mālama i nā kumukūʻai a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana hana. Wahi a nā koi kūpono, ʻaʻole pono e emi ka ikaika o ka tensile o nā lua hohonu o kēia huahana ma mua o 570MPa a ʻaʻole pono ka elongation ma lalo o 20%. Ma ka lawe ʻana i nā laʻana i ka ʻāpana mānoanoa o ka pā hohonu e hana i ka pahu hoʻāʻo a me ka hana ʻana i ka hoʻāʻo hoʻāʻo tensile, hiki iā mākou ke kiʻi i ka ikaika tensile o ka forging ʻo 720MPa, ʻo 430MPa ka ikaika, ʻo 21.4% ka elongation, a ʻo ka shrinkage sectional he 37% . Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ua kūpono ka huahana i nā koi.

HANA WELA MAHOPE

1Cr18Ni9Ti austenitic stainless steel flange ma hope o ka forging, e nānā kūikawā i ke ʻano o ka intergranular corrosion phenomenon, a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka plasticity o ka mea e like me ka hiki, e hōʻemi a hoʻopau paha i ka pilikia o ka hana paʻakikī. No ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kūpaʻa corrosion maikaʻi, ʻo ka flange forging e hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi i ka wela, no kēia kumu, pono nā forgings e hoʻoponopono paʻa. Ma muli o ka loiloi i luna, pono e hoʻomehana ʻia nā forgings i mea e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nā carbide a pau i austenite i ka wā o ka mahana ma waena o 1050 ° C - 1070 ° C. Ma hope koke iho, hoʻomaʻalili ʻia ka huahana i loaʻa i kahi ʻano austenite hoʻokahi. ʻO ka hopena, ua hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ʻia ke kūʻē ʻana i ka corrosion stress a me ke kūʻē ʻana i ka crystalline corrosion o nā forgings. I kēia hihia, ua koho ʻia ka mālama wela o nā forgings e hoʻohana ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka forging waste heat quenching. ʻOiai ʻo ka forging waste heat quenching he kiʻekiʻe-mehana deformation quenching, ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka hoʻonaninani maʻamau, ʻaʻole wale ia e koi i nā koi wela o ka quenching a me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe a me nā koi hoʻonohonoho hoʻonohonoho pili, akā ʻo ka hana ʻana o nā forgings i hana ʻia me kēia kaʻina hana he nui. kūlana kiʻekiʻe.

Ka hoʻopili waiwai piha

ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kaʻina hana i hoʻopaʻa ʻia no ka hana ʻana i nā flange forgings e hōʻemi pono i ka ʻae ʻana i ka mīkini a make i ka slope o nā forgings, e mālama ana i nā mea maka i kekahi ʻano. Ke emi nei ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lau ʻike a me ka ʻoki ʻana i ka wai i ke kaʻina hana o ka forging, kahi e hōʻemi nui ai i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea. Me ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ke ʻano o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka wela wela, e hoʻopau ana i ka ikehu e pono ai no ka hoʻopau wela.

Ka hopena

I ke kaʻina hana o ka flange forgings, pono e lawe ʻia nā koi kaʻina hana ma ke ʻano he hoʻomaka, i hui pū ʻia me ka ʻepekema a me ka ʻenehana hou e hoʻomaikaʻi i ke ʻano kuʻuna forging a hoʻopaʻa i ka hoʻolālā hana.