ʻO ka paipu kila seam pololei, e like me kāu e ʻike ai mai ka inoa, he huahana i hana ʻia i nā mea metala. Hoʻohana ʻia nā paipu kila hili pololei ma nā ʻoihana he nui. Nui nā kumu i aloha ʻia e nā mea a pau. ʻO nā paipu kila humuhumu pololei a me nā paipu kila Aia kahi ʻokoʻa nui. Manaʻo wau he nui ka poʻe e manaʻo nei ua like nā mea ʻelua ma ke ʻano o ka hoʻohana ʻana, ka hana, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻO nā ʻano ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi i kūʻai ʻia ma ka mākeke, ʻo ia nā paipu kila i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a me nā paipu wiliwili i ka paia lahilahi. E kali, he mea ma'alahi loa ke ka'ina hana o ka paipu wili wili pololei a he ha'aha'a ke kumu kū'ai, no laila kaulana loa ia i waena o nā mea hana. ʻOi aku ka nui o ke anawaena o ka paipu kila hili pololei ma mua o nā mea ʻē aʻe o ia ʻano like, a ʻo ka mānoanoa kekahi mea maikaʻi loa. Hiki i nā mea hoʻohana ke hoʻopilikino a hana ʻia e like me nā koi hoʻohana.

I ke kaʻina hana o ka hana ʻana i nā paipu kila hili pololei, pono e loaʻa i nā mea hana paipu kila kila ka mana maikaʻi loa ma luna o ka ikaika extrusion. ʻO kēia no ka mea, i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana kuʻi, i ka wā e hiki ai nā mahana o nā ʻaoʻao o nā pahu ʻelua i ka wela kuʻi, pono lākou e ʻO ke kaomi i hiki ke ʻae i kā lākou mau metala e komo i kekahi i kekahi a hana i nā kristal paʻa paʻa e hoʻokō i kahi ikaika. wiliwili. Eia naʻe, inā ʻaʻole lawa ka extrusion, ʻaʻole e hana maikaʻi nā kristal a haʻahaʻa loa ka ikaika o ke kūlana kuʻi. Inā haʻahaʻa, hiki ke maʻalahi i ka pilikia ma muli o nā mana o waho i ka wā e hoʻohana ai. Eia nō naʻe, i ka nui o ka extrusion, e hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka metala kuʻi i hiki i ka wela welding e hoʻokuʻu ʻia i waho o ke kūlana wili kuʻi, a hiki i ke kuʻi maoli ke hiki i ka liʻiliʻi loa ka mahana o ka metala, no laila e lilo ka helu o nā kristal. e hoemiia no hoi, e hiki ai i ka wiliwili ke ikaika ole, a e nui no hoi na burrs, e hoonui ai i na hemahema.

ʻO ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana i ka paipu kila hili pololei anawaena nui

1. E koho i kahi kahua kūpono a me ka hale kūʻai

(1) Pono ke kahua a hale kūʻai i waiho ʻia ai nā paipu kila ma kahi maʻemaʻe me ka wai maʻemaʻe a ma kahi mamao aku i nā hale hana a me nā mina e hoʻopuka ai i nā kinoea a i ʻole ka lepo. Wehe i nā nāhelehele a me nā ʻōpala ma ka pūnaewele a mālama i nā paipu kila.

(2) ʻAʻole pono e hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā mea ʻino i nā paipu kila e like me nā waikawa, alkali, paʻakai, sima, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i loko o ka hale waihona. Pono e hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā ʻano paipu kila like ʻole e pale i ka huikau a me ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka corrosion.

(3) Hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā ʻāpana kila nui, nā kaʻa, nā pā kila, nā paipu kila nui, forgings, etc.

(4) ʻO ke kila liʻiliʻi a me ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, nā uea uea, nā kaola kila, nā paipu kila waena, nā uea kila kaula uea, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, hiki ke mālama ʻia i loko o kahi hale hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, akā ua uhi ʻia ka luna me kahi ʻōpala a me ka uhi ʻia ka lalo.

(5) ʻO kekahi mau paipu kila liʻiliʻi, nā pā kila lahilahi, nā ʻāpana kila, nā ʻili kila silika, nā ʻili liʻiliʻi a i ʻole nā ​​paipu kila pā lahilahi, nā ʻano paipu kila i ʻōwili ʻia a me ke anu, a me nā huahana metala kiʻekiʻe a me nā mea ʻino. i loko o ka hale kūʻai.

(6) Pono e koho ʻia ka hale kūʻai ma muli o nā kūlana ʻāina. ʻO ka maʻamau, hoʻohana ʻia kahi hale kūʻai maʻamau i pani ʻia, ʻo ia hoʻi, kahi hale kūʻai me ka pā ma luna o ka hale, nā puka paʻa a me nā puka makani, a me kahi mea hoʻoheheʻe.

(7) Pono e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka hale kūʻai i nā lā lā, a pani ʻia i mea e pale ai i ka wai i nā lā ua, a pono e mālama ʻia kahi wahi mālama kūpono i nā manawa a pau.

2. Hoʻopaʻa kūpono a kau mua

(1) ʻO ke koi kumu no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana ʻo ia ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana e like me nā ʻano a me nā kikoʻī ma lalo o nā kūlana o ka stacking paʻa a paʻa. Pono e hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā ʻano mea like ʻole i mea e pale ai i ka huikau a me ka corrosion like.

(2) ʻAʻole ʻae ʻia ka mālama ʻana i nā mea i hiki ke ʻino i nā paipu kila kokoke i nā wahi hoʻopaʻa.

(3) Pono e hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia ka lalo o ka waihona, paʻa, a palahalaha i mea e pale ai i ka mea mai ka pulu a i ʻole ke ʻano.

(4) Hoʻopaʻa kaʻawale ʻia nā mea like ʻole e like me ke ʻano o ka waiho ʻana i loko o ka waihona, i mea e maʻalahi ai ka hoʻokō ʻana i ke kumu mua.

(5) No nā ʻāpana kila i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka lewa ākea, aia nā moena lāʻau a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana pōhaku ma lalo, a ua hili iki ka ʻili o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i mea e maʻalahi ai ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana. E noʻonoʻo i ka waiho pololei ʻana i nā mea e pale ai i ka piko a me ka deformation.

(6) ʻAʻole ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana ma mua o 1.2m no ka hana lima, 1.5m no ka hana mechanical, a ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka laulā o ka waihona ma mua o 2.5m.

ʻO nā metala non-ferrous, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi me nā metala non-ferrous, e pili ana i nā metala a me nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe ma waho o nā metala ferrous, e like me ke keleawe, ka tin, ke kēpau, zinc, aluminika, keleawe, keleawe, alumini alumini, a me nā mea hoʻohui. Eia kekahi, hoʻohana ʻia ka chromium, nickel, manganese, molybdenum, cobalt steel, vanadium, tungsten, titanium, etc. Hoʻohana nui ʻia kēia mau metala ma ke ʻano he alloy add-ons. Ma muli o nā waiwai o ka metala, tungsten, kila, titanium, molybdenum, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i hoʻohana nui ʻia e hana i nā mea hana ʻoki. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Carbide. Ua kapa ʻia nā metala non-ferrous ma luna nei he metala ʻoihana. Ma waho aʻe o ke kila, aia nā metala makamae: platinum, gula, kālā, etc., a me nā metala, me ka radioactive uranium, radium, a me nā kila ʻē aʻe.