Aia nā ʻano like ʻolekila haʻahaʻa kalaponaʻāpana hana mechanical, ʻo ke kaʻina hana noi maoli e pono ai kahi waiwai mechanical kiʻekiʻe.Eia nō naʻe, i ka hana maoli, ʻike pinepine mākou i ka hele ʻana o nā ʻāpana kila haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma hope o ka hana wela.E like me ke kila kila i loko o kahi hui kīnā, i ka wā i hoʻokumu ʻia ai ka band koʻikoʻi, nā waiwai mechanical o ke kila i ʻike ʻia anisotropy, ʻo ka paipu kila e hōʻemi i ka ʻāpana transverse shrinkage ʻoi aʻe ke kūpaʻa a me ke ākea ka hopena o ka ikehu e pili ana i ka ʻokoʻa pālua, plastic a kila paha. ʻaʻole kūpono ka paʻakikī i nā koi ʻenehana o ka maʻamau.

I loko o ke kalapona maʻiʻo o 0.10% ~ 0.35% o ka haʻahaʻa kalapona kila hooheheeia e ninini ana ma hope o ka hapanui e hele i loko o ka plastic deformation (rolling, forging, thermal hoʻonui), ma mua o lilo profiles.Eia nō naʻe, ma hope o ka hana ʻana i nā ʻāpana kila kalapona haʻahaʻa e maʻalahi e hele i ke kuhikuhi deformation, e hana ana i ka pearlite a me nā ala ferrite zonal distribution, ʻo ia hoʻi ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka hale banded.ʻO nā kumu o ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā ʻāpana kila haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, ʻokoʻa, i hōʻuluʻulu ʻia ma kahi o ʻelua mau kumu:

(1) ma muli o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka hui pū, ʻo ia hoʻi, i ka wā i hoʻokomo ʻia ai nā ʻāpana kila haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa i loaʻa kekahi mau manawa o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka ʻōwili ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka holo ʻana.Ke hooluolu i ka haʻahaʻa-carbon mea kila Ar3 ma lalo, keia mau haumia lilo eutectoid ferrite kumu nucleation hana eutectoid ferrite inclusions a puni ka mua o ka mua o ka zonal mahele palapala, a laila, ke koena austenite kino i pearlite, nānā 'ia ma lalo o microscope i ka lumi wela, ferrite keʻokeʻo. , ʻeleʻele hina a me ka pearlite, ka hopena i nā kaha keʻokeʻo a me ka ʻeleʻele, ʻo ia ka haʻahaʻa-carbon steel strip deformation.

(2) ʻO ka hui pū ʻana e ka wela hoʻomaʻamaʻa wela ma muli o ke kūpono ʻole, ʻo ka hana wela o nā ʻāpana kila kalapona haʻahaʻa e hoʻōki i ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka mahana i ka manawa o ka ʻāpana ʻelua (ma waena o A1 a me A3), ferrite ma ke ala kahe o ka. metala mai ka austenite zonal precipitation, ʻaʻole i ʻoki ʻia ka decomposition o ka austenite i loko o ke kāʻei, ke hoʻomaloʻo ʻia i A1, ʻo ka austenite kāʻei i loko o ke kaula pearlite.