Ke ʻimi mua nei ʻoe i ka paipu kila, inā paha no kahi mea kanu desalination, kahi ʻaila ʻaila, a i ʻole ka mana nuklea, ʻo ka nīnau mua āu e nīnau ai iā ʻoe iho ʻo "makemake au i nā "paipu" maʻemaʻe, welded, a paʻi ʻia paha? ʻO kēia mau mea ʻekolu He mau pono like ʻole kēlā me kēia ʻano a no laila kūpono ia no nā noi like ʻole a me nā kaiapuni. Nui nā kumu e noʻonoʻo ʻia i ke koho ʻana i ka mea kūpono no kahi papahana.

E ʻike paha nā ʻenekinia i ka pane o kēia nīnau ma ke ʻano intuitive, akā e hoʻokaʻawale i kahi manawa e makaʻala i kēia mau paipu seamless, paipu welded a me nā paipu forged a me ko lākou mau waiwai like ʻole.

1. Paipu ʻole

E hoʻomaka kākou me ka paipu ʻole. E like me ka inoa e hōʻike nei, ʻo ka paipu ʻole he paipu me ka ʻole o nā humu a i ʻole nā ​​welds.

Hana ʻana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana:

Hiki ke hana ʻia nā paipu seamless me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano hana like ʻole, ma muli o ke anawaena i makemake ʻia, a i ʻole ka ratio o ke anawaena i ka mānoanoa pā. ʻO ka ʻōlelo maʻamau, hoʻomaka ke kaʻina hana paipu seamless me ka hoʻolei ʻana i ke kila maka i loko o kahi ʻano hana ʻoi aku ka hana-he billet paʻa wela. A laila e kīkoʻo a huki a huki paha ma luna o kahi ʻano. A laila hele kēia puʻupuʻu puka ma kahi kaʻina extrusion kahi e koi ʻia ai ma o ka make a me ka mandrel. Kōkua kēia i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke anawaena o loko a hoʻemi i ke anawaena o waho.

Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka paipu kila ʻole e lawe i nā wai e like me ka wai, ke kinoea maoli, ka ʻōpala a me ka ea. Pono pinepine ʻia i loko o nā wahi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, ʻino loa e like me ka aila a me ke kinoea, ka hana mana a me nā ʻoihana lāʻau.

Pōmaikaʻi:

Ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe: Loaʻa ka maikaʻi o ka paipu seamless ʻaʻohe seams, no laila ʻaʻohe hili nāwaliwali. 'O ia ho'i, 'o ka mea ma'amau, hiki i ka paipu seamless ke kū i ka 20% ki'eki'e o ka hana 'ana ma mua o ka paipu welded o ka mea like a me ka nui.
Kū'ē Kiʻekiʻe: ʻO ka loaʻa ʻole o nā seams ʻo ia ka mea e hiki ai i nā paipu seamless ke hāʻawi i ke kūpaʻa corrosion kiʻekiʻe, no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā pilikia e like me nā haumia a me nā hemahema ma nā welds.

ʻO ka hoʻāʻo liʻiliʻi: ʻAʻole pono e ʻōlelo ʻia, ʻaʻole pono e hoʻāʻo ʻia nā paipu maʻemaʻe no ka kūpaʻa weld - ʻaʻohe weld ʻaʻole ia he hoʻāʻo!

2. Paipu welo

ʻEkolu ʻano o nā paipu i hoʻopaʻa ʻia: ʻo ke anawaena o waho, ka wili i loko a i ʻole ka ʻaoʻao ʻelua. ʻO ka mea maʻamau he mau humuhumu ko lākou a pau!

Hoʻomaka ke kaʻina hana o ka paipu welded ma ka ʻōwili ʻana i kahi wili kila i ka mānoanoa i makemake ʻia e hana i kahi ʻāpana palahalaha a i ʻole ka pā. A laila ʻōwili ʻia a hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā ʻili o ka paipu i loaʻa i loko o kahi kaiapuni kūlohelohe.

E pili ana i ke ʻano o ke kila hiki ke weld, ʻo nā kila austenitic ka mea maʻamau ka mea hiki ke wiliwili ʻia, aʻo nā kila ferritic e wili i nā ʻāpana lahilahi. ʻO nā kila Duplex i kēia manawa ua manaʻo ʻia he hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia, akā makemake lākou i ka nānā ʻana ma mua o nā kila austenitic.

Ua manaʻo ʻia ua hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ʻia ka ʻenehana hana hana paipu Welded i nā makahiki i hala. ʻO ka holomua nui loa, ʻo ia ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻenehana welding me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā au alapine kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻomaikaʻi nui kēia i ka hiki ʻana o ka paipu welded e pale i ka corrosion a me ka hiki ʻole o ka hui.

ʻOiai ʻo nā kaʻina i loko o ka paipu welded pololei i ka manaʻo e hoʻonāwaliwali, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā ʻano hana a me nā kaʻina hana hōʻoia maikaʻi i kēia mau lā. ʻO ia ke ʻano o ka lōʻihi o ka ʻōlelo ʻia ʻana o ka wela a me ke kaomi ʻana o ka paipu welded, ʻaʻohe kumu e hana ʻole ai e like me ka paipu seamless i nā ʻoihana lehulehu.

Kumukūʻai: ʻO kekahi o nā pōmaikaʻi nui o ka paipu welded ʻo ia ka mea liʻiliʻi loa o nā ʻano paipu āpau a ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi.
Kūlike: Ua ʻae ʻia ʻoi aku ka kūlike o ka paipu welded i ka mānoanoa o ka paia ma mua o ka paipu seamless. ʻO kēia no ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hana hana me kahi ʻāpana kila.
ʻO ka maikaʻi o ka ʻili: ʻo ka pale ʻana i ke kaʻina extrusion, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻili o nā paipu welded ma mua o nā paipu seamless.
Ka wikiwiki: Pono ka paipu welded i nā manawa alakaʻi kūʻai pōkole ma muli o ke kaʻina hana maʻalahi.

3. Paipu palaka

ʻO ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ke kila he kaʻina hana metala e hoʻohana ana i nā ikaika compressive a me ka wela nui a me ke kaomi e hana i ka metala.

Hoʻomaka ka hana ʻana i nā paipu palaki ma ke kau ʻana i kahi ʻāpana kila (inā he 6% molybdenum, super duplex, duplex, stainless steel, nickel alloy) ma waena o ka make o luna a me lalo. Hoʻokumu ʻia ke kila e ka wela a me ke kaomi ʻana i ke ʻano i makemake ʻia a laila hoʻopau ʻia e kahi kaʻina hana e hoʻokō i nā kikoʻī i koi ʻia.

ʻO kēia kaʻina hana paʻakikī e hoʻonui i ke kumukūʻai o ka paipu forged.

ʻO ka nui o nā pono o ka paipu forged, ʻo ia ka mea he nui nā noi like ʻole i nā ʻano like ʻole e like me ka aila a me ke kinoea, nā mīkini hydraulic, ka hoʻomoʻa ʻana a me ka ʻoihana kemika. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ke kila forged ʻaʻohe seams a i ʻole welds e hiki ai iā ia ke loaʻa i nā mea hiki ke hoʻopōʻino a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea ʻino a me kā lākou mahu. No laila, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā ʻoihana koʻikoʻi he nui.

ʻO ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe: ʻO nā paipu paʻa i hana maʻamau i kahi huahana hopena ikaika a hilinaʻi loa no ka mea ʻo ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana e hoʻololi ai ke kahe ʻana o ke kila. I nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, ua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kila a ua loli nui ke ʻano o ka paipu, ka hopena o ka ikaika a me ke kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe.
Ola lōʻihi: Hoʻopau ka Forging i ka porosity hiki ke hoʻemi ʻia, nā lua a me nā pilikia ninini anuanu.
Maikaʻi: ʻO ke kaʻina hana forging ka mea maʻamau i manaʻo ʻia he mea waiwai loa no ka mea ʻaʻohe mea i hoʻopau ʻia.
Hoʻololi: He maʻalahi loa ke kaʻina hana hao a hiki ke hana i nā paipu i nā nui like ʻole.