1. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻano hana hana a me ka hana ʻana o nā paipu kila maʻemaʻe i loko o nā paipu wela, nā paipu anuanu, nā paipu huki anu, nā paipu extruded, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e like me nā ʻano hana like ʻole.

1.1. Hoʻopuka pinepine ʻia nā paipu wela ʻole ma luna o nā ʻāpana wili paipu. Nānā ʻia ka pahu paʻa paʻa a wehe ʻia nā hemahema o ka ʻili, ʻoki ʻia i ka lōʻihi i makemake ʻia, e kau ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao perforated o ka pahu blank, a laila hoʻouna ʻia i ka umu wela no ka hoʻomehana ʻana a me ka hou ʻana i ka mīkini kuʻi. Ke hoʻomau nei ia i ka pōʻai a me ka holomua i ka wā e hou ana i nā lua. Ma lalo o ka mana o nā wili a me ka hopena, ua hollow mālie ka pahu pahu, i kapa ʻia he paipu nui. A laila, hoʻouna ʻia i ka mīkini wili paipu e hoʻomau i ka ʻōwili. ʻO ka mea hope loa, hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka mānoanoa o ka pā e ka mīkini pae, a hoʻoholo ʻia ke anawaena e ka mīkini sizing e hoʻokō i nā koi kikoʻī. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻāpana wili paipu mau e hana i nā paipu kila maʻemaʻe ʻole i ʻōwili ʻia he ala ʻoi aku ka holomua.

1.2. Inā makemake ʻoe e kiʻi i nā paipu liʻiliʻi me nā nui liʻiliʻi a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, pono ʻoe e hoʻohana i ka ʻōwili anu, ke kiʻi anu, a i ʻole ka hui pū ʻana o ia mau mea ʻelua. Hana ʻia ka ʻōwili anu ma luna o ka wili ʻelua ʻōwili, a ua ʻōwili ʻia ka paipu kila i loko o kahi annular pass i haku ʻia me kahi ʻāpana kea ʻokoʻa a me ke poʻo conical paʻa. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ke kaha kiʻi anuanu ma kahi 0.5 a i ka 100T kaulahao hoʻokahi a i ʻole ʻelua kaulahao anu.

1.3. ʻO ke ʻano o ka extrusion, ʻo ia ke kau ʻana i ka pahu wela i loko o kahi pahu extrusion paʻa, a neʻe pū ke koʻokoʻo perforation a me ke koʻokoʻo extrusion e hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka ʻāpana extrusion mai ka lua make liʻiliʻi. Hiki i kēia ala ke hana i nā paipu kila me nā anawaena liʻiliʻi.

2. Hoʻohana i nā paipu kila ʻole

2.1. Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā paipu seamless. 'Oloka'a 'ia nā paipu ma'amau ma'amau mai ke kila kalapona ma'amau, ke kila kila ha'aha'a, a i 'ole ke kila kila kila, me ka puka nui loa, a ho'ohana nui 'ia e like me nā paipu a i 'ole nā'āpana hana no ka lawe 'ana i ka wai.

2.2. Hāʻawi ʻia ia i ʻekolu mau ʻāpana e like me nā hoʻohana like ʻole:

a. Hāʻawi ʻia e like me ka haku mele a me nā waiwai mechanical;

b. Hāʻawiʻia e like me nā mea mechanical;

c. Hāʻawi ʻia e like me ka hoʻāʻo kaomi hydraulic. Inā hoʻohana ʻia nā paipu kila i hāʻawi ʻia e like me nā ʻāpana a a me b e kū i ke kaomi wai, pono lākou e hana i kahi hoʻokolohua hydrostatic.

2.3. ʻO nā paipu humuhumu kūikawā no nā paipu humuhumu ʻole no nā paila, nā paipu humuhumu ʻole no ke kālaihonua, a me nā paipu seamless no ka ʻaila.

3. Nā ʻano paipu kila ʻole

3.1. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawaleʻia nā paipu kila maʻemaʻe i loko o nā paipu wela, nā paipu anuanu, nā paipu kau anuanu, nā paipu extruded, a me nā mea'ē aʻe e like me nāʻano hana likeʻole.

3.2. E like me ke ʻano, aia nā paipu poepoe a me nā paipu ʻano kūikawā. Ma waho aʻe o nā paipu kūhāhā a me nā ʻāpana ʻāpana ʻāpana, ʻo nā paipu ʻano kūikawā pū kekahi i nā paipu oval, nā ʻōpū semi-circular, nā puʻupuʻu triangular, nā paipu hexagonal, nā puʻupuʻu convex, nā paipu plum-shaped, etc.

3.3. Wahi a nā mea like ʻole, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia lākou i nā paipu kalapona maʻamau, nā paipu hoʻoheheʻe haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, nā paipu hoʻolālā kalapona kiʻekiʻe, nā paipu hoʻohuihui, nā paipu kila kila, etc.

3.4. Wahi a nā kumu kūikawā, aia nā paipu boiler, nā paipu geological, nā paipu aila, etc.

4. ʻO nā kikoʻī a me ka hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi o nā paipu kila maʻemaʻe e GB / T8162-87.

4.1. Nā kikoʻī: ʻO ke anawaena o waho o ka paipu wela wela he 32 ~ 630mm. ʻO ka mānoanoa o ka pā 2.5 ~ 75mm. ʻO ke anawaena o waho o ka paipu i ʻōwili ʻia (huʻi anu) he 5 ~ 200mm. ʻO ka mānoanoa o ka pā 2.5 ~ 12mm.

4.2. ʻO ka maikaʻi o ke ʻano: ʻAʻole pono nā ʻili o loko a me waho o ka paipu kila i nā māwae, nā ʻōpala, nā ʻōwili ʻōwili, nā papa hoʻokaʻawale, nā laina lauoho, a i ʻole nā ​​hemahema ʻili. Pono e hoʻopau loa ʻia kēia mau hemahema, a ʻaʻole pono ka mānoanoa o ka paia a me ke anawaena o waho ma mua o nā deviations maikaʻi ʻole ma hope o ka wehe ʻana.

4.3. Pono e ʻoki ʻia nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ka paipu kila ma nā kihi ʻākau a pono e wehe ʻia nā burrs. ʻO nā paipu kila me ka mānoanoa o ka pā i ʻoi aku ma mua o 20mm e ʻae ʻia e ʻoki ʻia e ka ʻoki kinoea a me ka ʻili wela. Hiki nō hoʻi ke ʻoki ʻole i ke poʻo ma hope o ka ʻaelike ma waena o nā mea hoʻolako a me nā ʻaoʻao koi.

4.4. ʻO ka "ʻano maikaʻi o ka ʻili" o nā paipu kila liʻiliʻi i huki ʻia a i ʻole i ʻōwili ʻia e pili ana iā GB3639-83.

5. Ka nānā 'ana i ka haku mele 'ana i nā paipu kila ma'ema'e

5.1. ʻO ka hui kemika o nā paipu liʻiliʻi hale i hoʻolako ʻia e like me ka haku mele a me nā waiwai mechanical, e like me ka No. 88. Nānā ʻia nā paipu seamless i lawe ʻia e like me nā kūlana kūpono i ʻōlelo ʻia ma ka ʻaelike. ʻO ka hui kemika o 09MnV, 16Mn, a me 15MnV kila e hoʻokō i nā lula o GB1591-79.

5.2. No nā ʻano loiloi kikoʻī, e ʻoluʻolu e ʻike i nā ʻāpana kūpono o GB223-84 "Nā Hana Hana Kemika no ke kila a me nā Alloys".

5.3. No ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana, e nānā i ka GB222-84 "E ʻae ʻia nā ʻae ʻana o ka haku mele ʻana o nā mea hoʻohālike a me nā huahana i hoʻopau ʻia no ka loiloi kemika o ke kila".