Ma hope o ka wela-'ōwili seamless paipu kila, ka palaoa hoʻomaʻemaʻe o ke kila, ka ingot luku i ka hale hoolele, hoopau i na hemahema a me ka microstructure o ka hopena PIPE paʻa, hoʻomaikaʻi mechanical waiwai. Hōʻike ʻia nā ʻōhū ea ma mua o ka paipu kila, nā māwae a wehe ʻia, ma hope o ka ʻōwili ʻana wela i ka wela kiʻekiʻe a me ke kaomi e hui pū ʻia.

ʻOiai he nui nā pōmaikaʻi o ka paipu kila seamless wela, akā pono e maopopo kona mau hemahema, ma hope o ke kila wela, non-metallic inclusions i loko o ke kila kila, ua paʻiʻia i nā'āpana lahilahi, stratification. Layered i loko o ka mānoanoa kuhikuhi o ke kila i ka hana hoʻopaʻapaʻa deteriorated nui, ma laila interlayer waimaka weld shrinkage.

Ua hele i ke kila ʻōwili wela, pono e loaʻa i ka ʻenehana holomua, inā ʻaʻole i hala ka ʻenehana, ke kila ʻole ke koena koʻikoʻi ma muli o ka hoʻomaha ʻana i ka wā wela. ʻO ke koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi i ka loaʻa ʻole o nā ikaika o waho ua kaulike i loko, akā i ka hihia o ke kila waho ikaika ma lalo e pili i kekahi degere, no ka laʻana, e loaʻa kekahi hopena i nā ʻōlelo o ka deformation, kūpaʻa, anti-fatigue.

I ka wā ʻaʻole maikaʻi ke kila ma hope o ka ʻōwili wela, ʻaʻole maikaʻi ka laulā ākea a me ka mānoanoa ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka wela a me ka loina contraction, ʻo ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kila wela, ka lōʻihi, ka mānoanoa he maʻamau, akā i ka hopena e loaʻa kekahi mau hewa i ka wā o ka hoʻoluʻu, no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka mānoanoa o ka ʻaoʻao ākea a ʻoi aku ka mānoanoa o ka ʻokoʻa maikaʻi ʻole.