Nā Kūlana DIN, ISO a me AFNOR - He aha lākou?

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā huahana Hunan Great e kūlike me kahi kūlana hana kūʻokoʻa, akā he aha ke ʻano o ia mea?

ʻOiai ʻaʻole mākou i ʻike, ʻike mākou i nā kūlana i kēlā me kēia lā. ʻO kahi maʻamau he palapala e hoʻokaʻawale i nā koi no kahi mea kikoʻī, ʻāpana, ʻōnaehana a i ʻole lawelawe i mea e hoʻokō ai i nā koi o kahi hui a i ʻole ʻāina. Hoʻolālā ʻia nā maʻamau e hōʻoia i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana a me ka maikaʻi i loko o kahi ākea o nā waiwai a me nā lawelawe, a he mea pono loa i nā huahana e like me nā wili pololei, kahi mea ʻole ʻole me ka ʻole o kahi ʻōnaehana maʻamau o ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo DIN, ISO, a me kekahi mau kūlana ʻāina a me ka honua e nā hui, nā ʻāina, a me nā hui ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, ʻaʻole i kaupalena ʻia i ka ʻoihana ʻenekinia pololei. Hoʻohana ʻia nā kūlana DIN a me ISO e kuhikuhi i ka kikoʻī o nā mea āpau, mai ka hui kemika o nā kila kila, ka nui o ka pepa A4, i kakīʻaha kī maikaʻi loa.

He aha nā kūlana BSI?

Hoʻokumu ʻia nā kūlana BSI e ka British Standards Institution e hōʻike i ka pili ʻana i kahi helu nui o ka UK-oriented quality, palekana a me nā kūlana kūlohelohe. ʻO ka BSI Kitemark kekahi o nā hōʻailona kaulana loa ma UK a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe, a loaʻa pinepine ʻia ma nā puka makani, nā kumu plug, a me nā mea kinai ahi e kapa ai i kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona.

He aha nā kūlana DIN?

Hoʻokumu ʻia nā kūlana DIN mai ka hui Kelemania ʻo Deutsches Institut für Normung. Ua ʻoi aku kēia hui ma mua o kāna kumu kumu ma ke ʻano he hui hoʻonaʻauao aupuni o Kelemania ma muli o ka laha ʻana o nā waiwai Kelemania a puni ka honua. ʻO ka hopena, hiki ke loaʻa nā kūlana DIN ma kahi kokoke i nā ʻoihana a puni ka honua. ʻO kekahi o nā hiʻohiʻona mua loa a kaulana loa o ka standardization DIN, ʻo ia ka nui o ka pepa A-series, i wehewehe ʻia e DIN 476. ʻO ka nui o ka pepa A-series ua laha ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, a i kēia manawa ua komo i loko o kahi kūlana honua kokoke i like. ISO 216.

He aha nā kūlana AFNOR?

Hoʻokumu ʻia nā kūlana AFNOR e ka French Association Française de Normalisation. ʻAʻole maʻamau nā kūlana AFNOR ma mua o ko lākou mau hoa Pelekane a me Kelemania, akā hoʻohana mau ʻia e hoʻohālikelike i kekahi mau huahana niche me nā hana kūʻokoʻa. ʻO kekahi laʻana o kēia ʻo Accu's AFNOR Serrated Conical Washers, ʻaʻohe DIN a i ʻole ISO like.

He aha nā ISO Standards?

Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka ISO (International Organization for Standardization) ma hope koke iho o ke Kaua Honua II ma ke ʻano he pane i ka hoʻokumu hou ʻana o ka United Nations, a me kona pono no kahi hui standardization i ʻae ʻia. Hoʻokomo ʻo ISO i kekahi mau hui, me BSI, DIN, a me AFNOR ma ke ʻano o kāna komite hoʻonohonoho. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā ʻāina o ka honua he hui hoʻonaʻauao aupuni e pani iā ​​​​lākou i loko o ka ISO General Assembly makahiki. Hoʻohana lohi ʻia nā kūlana ISO no ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā maʻamau BSI, DIN a me AFNOR hou no nā mea ʻokoʻa i ʻae ʻia ma ka honua. Hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kūlana honua e like me ISO e maʻalahi i ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā waiwai ma waena o nā ʻāina a hoʻolaha i ke kālepa honua.

He aha nā kūlana EN?

Hoʻokumu ʻia nā kūlana EN e ke Kōmike ʻEulopa no Standardization (CEN), a he hoʻonohonoho hoʻonohonoho ʻEulopa i hoʻohana ʻia e ka European Council e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ke kālepa ma waena o nā ʻāina EU. Ma nā wahi a pau e hiki ai, hoʻohana pololei nā kūlana EN i nā kūlana ISO i loaʻa me ka ʻole o nā loli, ʻo ia hoʻi, ua loli pinepine nā mea ʻelua. ʻOkoʻa nā kūlana EN mai nā kūlana ISO no ka mea ua hoʻokō ʻia lākou e ka European Union, a i ka manawa i hoʻokomo ʻia, pono e hoʻokō koke ʻia a kūlike i ka EU, e hoʻololi i nā kūlana kūʻē kūʻē.