Ke kīnā o ka paipu hao ʻole i ʻōwili ʻia wela

Kaawale

Aia ma ka ʻili o loko o ka paipu kila ka puʻunaue kū pololei, hoʻāla ʻia i ka helical, ka hoʻokaʻawale metala nui a i ʻole ka ʻoki like ʻana.

Pepa loko pololei
Aia ma ka ʻaoʻao o loko o ka paipu kila he puʻu kū pololei, e hōʻike ana i kahi ʻano like ʻole a i ʻole ke ʻano laina hoʻokahi i pelu ʻia me ka lōʻihi, aia nā kūloko.

Puka maʻamau
Aia i loko o ka ʻili o ka paipu i hoʻohele kū pololei, ① he hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha mau pā 180 ° ma waho o ka mānoanoa, a i ʻole ma ka ʻili o ka paipu a me ka mānoanoa o ka pā o ka wahi hoʻokaʻawale mandrel ua mānoanoa ke ʻano, ʻike ʻia ʻo ka pahu pahu i loko. . ② ʻO ka māla i loko he hexagonal ka mānoanoa like ʻole, i kapa ʻia he hexagon.

Hoʻopaʻa pā
Aia ma ka ili o loko o ka paipu kila, kila transverse pauku thinnest kila paipu i loko ili depressions, localized thinning o ka paia mānoanoa o ka contraction koʻikoʻi kokoke haehae.

ʻulaʻula ʻōwili
ʻO ka ʻaoʻao lōʻihi o ka ʻili o loko o nā kui kila e like me ka ʻulaʻula, nā puʻupuʻu a i ʻole nā ​​​​puʻupuʻu i pelu ʻia i ka ʻili o ka paipu i loko.

ʻO ka pelu ʻana i loko
Aia ma ka ʻili o loko o ka ʻaoʻao hope o ka paipu kila, kūloko a i ʻole flaky longitudinal spiral a i ʻole semi-spiral folding i hoʻohele like ʻole.

Ke kaʻa ʻana aku
Aia i loko o ka ʻili longitudinal o ka pā paipu he ʻāpana a piha paha ka lōʻihi i loko o ka concave o waho a i ʻole convex corrugations ma ka ʻili o waho o ka paipu ma o nā awāwa longitudinal lōʻihi e kuhikuhi ana i ka symmetry maopopo, ma ke ʻano he rectilinear, ʻo kēlā me kēia me ke ʻano ʻoki.

Haehae
Aia ma ka ʻili kila longitudinal paipu i hōʻike ʻia i nā degere like ʻole o ka nahā transverse, ʻano daimana a me ka puka oval ma o ke kino tubular.

E pelu i ka ʻāpana ʻelua
Aia ma ka ʻili lōʻihi o ka pā paipu e hoʻonui ʻia ana i loko o nā māwae longitudinal, ʻike ʻia nā māwae i kekahi manawa i ka puʻu ʻana ma ka pōʻai paipu i kekahi manawa he symmetrical.

Pālua waena
Aia ma ka ʻili lōʻihi o ka pā paipu e hoʻonui ʻia ana i loko o nā māwae longitudinal, ʻike ʻia nā māwae i kekahi manawa i ka puʻu ʻana ma ka pōʻai paipu i kekahi manawa he symmetrical.

Pepe waho
① ma ka paipu owaho e hoike mai ana i ka huinakolu pelupili ma'amau, 'opuulua-lua pololei makahi maa pololei a i 'ole pepa ma'amau i pelu 'ia e like me. ② E hōʻike ana i ka mīkini humuhumu hoʻomau mau a i ʻole ka humuhumu humuhumu humuhumu e like me ka 60 °, 120 °, 180 ° humuhumu ʻano humuhumu ʻia paipu i pelu ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao longitudinal o waho.③ ʻo waho longitudinal i pelu ʻia ma luna o kahi paipu kila kila. ④ he kuhikuhi longitudinal o ka ili paipu ma o ke kiko slash lōʻihi a pōkole paha i pelu ʻia ʻelua a ʻekolu paha o 120 °.