ʻO ke kuʻekuʻe wāwae i loko o ka wai (SAW) he kaʻina hana kuʻihao arc maʻamau.Ua lawe ʻia ka patent mua ma ke kaʻina hana submerged-arc welding (SAW) i ka makahiki 1935 a ua uhi ʻia i kahi arc uila ma lalo o kahi moena o ka flux granulated.Hoʻokumu mua ʻia a patent ʻia e Jones, Kennedy a me Rothermund, pono ke kaʻina hana i kahi electrode consumable consumable a i ʻole tubular (metal cored) electrode.Mālama ʻia ka weld i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a me ka ʻāpana arc mai ka hoʻohaumia ʻana i ka lewa ma o ka "hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia" ma lalo o kahi uhi o ka flux fusible granular i loko o ka lime, silica, manganese oxide, calcium fluoride, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.Ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, lilo ka flux i conductive, a hāʻawi i kahi ala i kēia manawa ma waena o ka electrode a me ka hana.ʻO kēia ʻāpana mānoanoa o ka flux e uhi piha i ka metala i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia no laila e pale aku ai i ka spter a me nā ʻulaʻula a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka radiation ultraviolet ikaika a me nā uahi he ʻāpana o ke kaʻina hana kuʻihao metala pale (SMAW).

Hoʻohana maʻamau ʻia ʻo SAW ma ke ʻano ʻakomi a i ʻole mechanized, akā naʻe, loaʻa nā pū semi-aunoa (paʻa lima) SAW me ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā meaʻai kaomi a i ʻole ka gravity flux.Hoʻopili maʻamau ke kaʻina hana i nā kūlana kuʻi paʻa a i ʻole ke kuʻekuʻe wāwae (ʻoiai ua hana ʻia nā kuʻekuʻe kuʻekuʻe ākea me kahi hoʻonohonoho kūikawā e kākoʻo i ka flux).Ua hōʻike ʻia ka nui o ka waiho ʻana ma kahi o 45 kg/h (100 lb/h).—hoʻohālikelike kēia i ka ~ 5 kg / h (10 lb / h) (max) no ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻana me ka pale.ʻOiai ua hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā au mai 300 a 2000 A, ua hoʻohana pū ʻia nā au a hiki i 5000 A (nui arcs).

Hoʻokahi a nui paha (2 a 5) nā ʻano uea electrode o ke kaʻina hana.Hoʻohana ʻo SAW i kahi ʻili uila palahalaha (e laʻa, 60 mm ākea x 0.5 mm mānoanoa).Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka mana DC a i ʻole AC, a ʻo ka hui pū ʻana o DC a me AC ka mea maʻamau i nā ʻōnaehana electrode lehulehu.Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā lako uila wiliwili mau;akā naʻe, loaʻa nā ʻōnaehana o kēia manawa i hui pū ʻia me kahi mea hoʻoheheʻe uila ʻike uila.