Paipu kila kila Loaʻa ka liʻiliʻi o 11% chromium, i hui pinepine ʻia me ka nickel, e pale aku i ka corrosion.ʻO kekahi mau kila kuhiliʻole, e like me nā kila kulika ferritic he magnetic, aʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe, e like me ka austenitic, he nonmagnetic. ʻO nā kila kūʻē i ka corrosion ua pōkole ʻo CRES.

ʻO kekahi mau mea kila hou i loaʻa nā kila mea hana, i hui pū ʻia me ka nui o ka tungsten a me ka cobalt a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea ʻē aʻe e hoʻonui ai i ka paʻakikī paʻakikī.ʻAe kēia i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka paʻakikī o ka ua a hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kūpaʻa wela o ka alloy. Hoʻohana maʻamau ka mea kila i nā koʻi, nā drills, a me nā mea hana ʻē aʻe e pono ai ka ʻoki ʻoki lōʻihi.ʻO nā mea hoʻohui kūikawā ʻē aʻe e pili ana i nā kila e like me Cor-ten, ʻo ia ka wā ma ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi paʻa paʻa, ʻeleʻele, a no laila hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia me ka pena ʻole.Hoʻohui ʻia ke kila Maraging me ka nickel a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, akā ʻaʻole like me ka hapa nui o ke kila he liʻiliʻi ke kalapona (0.01%).Hoʻokumu kēia i kahi kila ikaika akā hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe.

Hoʻohana ʻo Eglin steel i ka hui pū ʻana o ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea like ʻole i nā ʻano like ʻole e hana i kahi kila haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea kaua bunker buster.ʻO ke kila Hadfield (ma hope o Sir Robert Hadfield) a i ʻole ke kila manganese he 12-14% manganese i ka wā i ʻoki ʻia ai, e paʻaʻi ka ʻili paʻakikī e kūʻē i ke komo ʻana.ʻO nā laʻana e like me nā ala pahu, nā ʻaoʻao o ka bulldozer a me nā ʻoki ʻoki ma nā ʻāwae o ke ola.

Paipu kila maʻemaʻe ʻole

ʻO ka paipu huila ʻole he ʻano o nā paipu kila maʻemaʻe, nona ka waiwai i ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka hana awelika o ka paipu kila maʻemaʻe ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kalapona, ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ka paipu maʻa ʻole me ka wela kiʻekiʻe, ke kūpaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. ʻAʻole kūlike ka paipu. no laila ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka paipu alloy i nā ʻoihana o ka ʻaila, kemika, ka mana uila, ka paila.

Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā paipu hui ʻole no ka paila haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hana ma mua o 5.88Mpa ma lalo o 450).℃) nā paipu ʻili wela;no nā paipu paila kiʻekiʻe, economizer, superheater, reheater, ka paipu ʻoihana petrochemical.Eia kekahi, ka paipu kila kila i hoʻohana ʻia i nā mea kanu mana, ka mana nuklea, ka boiler kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, ka superheater kiʻekiʻe a me ka reheater, ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe wela paipu a me nā lako, ʻo ia ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kila kalapona kiʻekiʻe, ke kila kila a me ka wela- mea kila kuhiliʻole kūpaʻa, ʻōwili wela(extrusion, hoʻonui) a i ʻole ka ʻōwili anu (huki) mai.